Classicism

Ages refers to the music of the period from about 1750 to Beethoven’s death in 1827.

Classicism The germination of classical music occurred in Italy during the Baroque era. Later, due to the emergence of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven in Vienna, classical music was formed. Therefore, the "classical music school" in music actually refers to ". "Vienna Classical School". Classical art first occurred in the field of literature and art. It aimed to restore the classical art of Greece and Rome, focused on formal symmetry and harmony, and mainly focused on the pursuit of objective beauty. After the Renaissance, in Italy The emerging new music in the form of main tune, with the background of aristocratic society, prospered in various parts of Germany and Austria. In its early days, there were three main music schools: one was centered on Carl F. Bach, the second son of the music master Bach. The Berlin School of Music; the second is the Mannheim School of Music centered on Johann Stamitz (1717-1757); and the third is the Mannheim School of Music centered on Wagenzal and Munn. The early Viennese school of music in the center.

In classical music, although opera is also an important part, on the whole, the characteristic of classical music lies in instrumental music, especially music in the form of sonatas and symphonies. . The chamber music and symphony of the Mannheim School not only had an impact on the Vienna School, but also had a direct impact on the young Beethoven in Bonn.

The sonata form is the most important part of classical music. A very representative form. That is, there is a contrast between the first and second themes in the presentation part, followed by a development part, followed by a repetition of the two themes. The Mannheim School was already quite complete at that time. This form. It was also the Mannheim school that added the minuet movement to the symphony form. In their symphony orchestration, the woodwind instruments also used the double-pipe arrangement. Mozart added the clarinet as an instrument in his symphony. , also learned it after hearing their band perform in Mannheim

Representative figure:

German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (Ludwig

van

Beethoven,1770-1827)

Austrian composer Joseph Haydn (J.Joseph

Haydn,1732-1809)< /p>

Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Wolfgang

Amadeus

Mozart, 1756～1791)

Development during the period:

When European music entered the classical period, that is, after Bach's death in 1750, there was no successor to polyphony in Europe, and the music style turned to simple and practical main tunes. At that time, there were three Music masters: "Music Saint" Beethoven, "Prodigy" Mozart, and Haydn, known as the "Father of Symphony"! The theme of music has gradually changed from religious music that lasted for centuries to classical music with rich philosophical connotations! After Beethoven's death in 1827, the period of rigorous classicism ended. At that time, Europe was undergoing the baptism of Romanticism. Composers at that time regarded composition as a means of expressing inner emotions. Their aesthetic appreciation of music also developed further, and musical expression techniques such as dazzling skills were produced! For example, Paganini, Liszt, etc. were very popular performers at that time! Music expressions and styles are becoming increasingly rich, and there are some national composers who create in national music languages, such as Finland's Sibelius, Norway's Grieg, Russia's Five Powerful Group, etc., all of whom are members of the national music school. Great composer~

Because the three representative figures of this period: Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven lived and created mainly in Vienna, they are also called the "Viennese Classical School" or "Vienna Classical School" Viennese Classical Music”. Among the writers of this period, Mozart's Serenade and Divertiments are very popular. Haydn's Cello Concertos No. 1 and 2 will also be very suitable for beginners to enjoy. As for Beethoven's works, the powerful sound is at your fingertips. Personally, I prefer his violin sonata "Spring", piano sonatas "Pathétique", "Passionate" and "Moonlight".