First of all, make a simple comb of the full text, and learn about the status quo, definition, development and future trend of Chinese music from the article. First, the mind map of the full text is presented as follows:
The above is the thinking framework of the full text, and this note will be described in detail through careful reading of each chapter and personal understanding.
what is national music? At that time, there was a narrow sense and a broad sense. In a narrow sense, national music refers to China national musical instruments, while in a broad sense, national music refers to China music. At the beginning, Mr. Yang pointed out that all the facts of Chinese music are by no means represented by a certain theory, a certain music, a certain musical instrument or a certain technology. The following picture shows the facts that should be paid attention to within the scope of national music. Therefore, the study of national music must not be viewed from a one-sided and isolated perspective. As Marx's materialist dialectics has learned, the world is a universally connected whole, and we should look at the problem from the perspective of connection and development.
in this section, the written discussion on * * * is divided into two sections. The first section follows the views of the previous section and discusses in detail the current situation of national music-only seeing national music but not world music. This attitude is terrible. Why do you say that? First of all, around 194, China opened its doors for nearly a hundred years. From the traditional music culture before 184 to the traditional music after 184, western music was divided into two forces, and western music was menacing and almost swallowed up. There are many reasons.
not to mention the objective reasons, people who advocated Chinese music at that time worshipped Chinese music with a classic attitude, and insisted on repeating the whole environment of Chinese music in the past in modern times without any change. Not only did they not advocate improvement in musical instruments, but they also advocated sticking to the rules in technology and teaching. In terms of music rules and symbols, they also adhere to the ancient musical notation and refuse to accept suggestions for improvement.
But all of the above are just a means to express or spread Chinese music, not the real subject of Chinese music!
Therefore, blindly sticking to the rules will only make the national music disappear and perish, because it can't keep up with the changes of the times. In that case, what is the real essence of national music? In fact, Chinese music does have its real essence, that is, the inherent characteristics of Chinese music tunes. He won't become a western tune just because he plays different instruments. Personal development, because of the blending effect with the people in the society, can reach a full level, and personal characteristics, because of the comparison with other people in the society, can find unique value. So is music.
In Mr. Yang's view, the unique value of Chinese music can only be estimated correctly after it is publicly compared with the world music, and the full development of Chinese music can only reach its due level after it is extremely melted with the world music.
This reminds me that most composers in modern times are trying to blend all kinds of timbres in order to tap the deeper charm of music. As the saying goes, music has no borders, and what is national is the world's. In this section, Mr. Yang's vision for the status of Chinese music is that it will become an instrument widely used all over the world through the integration and transformation with the world, and Chinese music tunes can also be played by a variety of international instruments in the world symphony orchestra. These are all appreciated by the aesthetic audience when the technology has reached a certain level, through the understanding and experience of international musicians.
At this time, the uniqueness of Chinese music seems to have disappeared somewhat because of its isolation and privateness. In fact, it has not really disappeared, but it has been integrated into the whole world music and established itself in the whole world music.
what's special about Chinese music? Because we didn't pay enough attention to it in the past. Status quo: We are not fully prepared ourselves, but the power of world music is already very strong. If we don't prepare, we will have to let the world music gradually eliminate or crowd out some of the remaining Chinese music components. Therefore, we must be fully prepared.
But the problem comes again. Under such a deformed environment, it seems that it is difficult for Chinese music to resist the majestic trend of world music. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to pay excessive attention to Chinese music. This is one of them. In addition, what is more important is that we know that a certain tool in Chinese music will be eliminated in the future, but it still plays an extremely important role in the present. For example, in terms of notation, the staff is precise and easy to use, but people who hypothetically study and inherit music only know the staff but not the Gongchi staff. When they find the record of a certain music, they can't understand it, just like breaking this line, they can't get close to the source of Chinese music.
Therefore, we still need to learn when the collection, notation, revision and translation of music are not quite completed, and when most of the singing techniques are not accurately represented by the version of the main line spectrum. Paying attention to it, at least more than paying attention to Latin in European and American schools, has more sufficient reasons.
western music may not be a problem in the west. However, the art of music, which originates from life, is always different because of the different geographical location, beliefs and customs, and historical and cultural background. Therefore, the development of western music in China is not entirely as smooth as expected.
Chinese music has developed in China for thousands of years, but it still faces many problems, such as one after another, dying, uncollected, unorganized and even more music is still buried. What is the way out in the future, and there are many questions to think about.
The co-development of the two kinds of music, at least in the era I live in now, is ok, but the influence of Chinese music (that is, the traditional music culture advocated at present) is still weak. In Mr. Yang's article, he put forward the view that when Chinese music has a way out again, western music can survive its abnormal stage of "swallowing dates" and truly reach its ideal period of natural digestion in China.
1. Pay attention to the investigation of musical historical facts. Because the concert is different because of the changes of social environment, the evaluation of music by rulers and scholars in past dynasties, and the ideological background.
2. Start from a multi-dimensional perspective. Music plays an important role in national music and is closely related to the evolution of songs. The evolution of songs is closely related to the evolution of poetry literature and phonology. Secondly, the special works of Chinese music have always been biased. Therefore, it is necessary to demonstrate from various historical materials.
3. China has a vast territory and a long history, which determines that music researchers should collect and investigate among the people for a long time.
The world music has gradually flowed into our culture with the sunset culture, so it is necessary for us to accept it. In the end, Chinese music has an inevitable trend of congratulating each other on the abuse of the world. In order to prepare for this period, we have to study some theories and techniques of western music for the sake of national music. Therefore, to look at Chinese music with a fair eye, the scope taken must not be too narrow; The preparations made must not be one-sided.
to study Chinese music, firstly, we must approach its basic depth from the middle of the ancient and modern pulse. There are two reasons why Mr. Yang Yinliu specifically mentioned the point of depth. First, because of the current situation of Chinese music, many young musicians have two extreme attitudes towards Chinese music-extreme worship of the ancient theory and arbitrary judgment of the diaphragm. The second aspect is that when dealing with Chinese music, you are anxious to find a way out without knowing the route. The creation of many Chinese music tunes is superficial, and new tunes are created without careful study.
there's a saying, you know your way home only when you know your way. Only by fully understanding the historical development of Chinese music and deeply studying the techniques and tunes of Chinese music can we know how to go in the future. The most representative figure is Mr. Liu Tianhua. The national music tunes he created were quite successful, but most people who admired him at that time only imitated his tunes, but ignored the foundation that Mr. Liu had learned in the past. It took him more than ten years to write a dozen tunes, and Mr. Liu Tianhua is constantly evolving in depth.
This depth gauge is now in practice. On-the-spot investigation, recording and collection of music.
with depth, there must be breadth.
to study Chinese music, secondly, we must approach its basic breadth from various theories, instruments and tunes. Without seeing the whole breadth, it is difficult to reach all the depths.
"If we are really interested in a tune, this interest alone is enough to make us feel compelled to seek more satisfaction like the tune beside us. If you really want to pursue further studies at a certain point, the fact will be that the materials contained in a small point are limited and you have to go beyond this point and ask for analogy. At first, you may only find valuable examples in obviously relevant materials, but later you will find out the exact relevant factors from seemingly irrelevant materials. If we go on like this, we will seek deeper, deeper and wider, wider and deeper. "
There are many conveniences in studying western music: there are many detailed general histories, detailed biographies of various musicians, many monographs on tunes, and phonographs of works, etc. The reason why it is so convenient is that most western countries are smaller than our country, and their history is shorter than ours. It is easier to organize music historical materials.
China's situation: vast territory, numerous nationalities, long history, and many exchanges, integration and development.
The current situation is that many kinds of music have not been developed, such as many non-Confucian music. We should also study ancient books and research preserved antiquities. I have to travel around to collect folk songs and observe musical instruments. We have a lot of historical materials, but many of them are scattered among the people, and even written music scores have never been seen in the singers' musical instruments and voices.
Therefore, the above factors determine that the development of national music needs the concerted efforts of many people. This is a long and mighty road.
after talking about many problems to be practiced, we should be specific. This section is a comprehensive summary of what needs to be collected.
1. People who specialize in the study of ancient books will have unlimited things to do about music. Card indexing work, research from ancient Chinese characters, artifacts and ancient paintings.
2. Learning skills are quite profound, and the musical instruments are quite extensive. They are quite familiar with the musical forms in ancient and modern times, at home and abroad, with keen hearing and detailed notation-such people will have unlimited mobile phone work for listening and notation, waiting for them to start.
3. Those who learn acoustics and know a little about musical instrument technology will feel that it is their responsibility to further study the ancient melody and collect, imitate, test and improve the original musical instruments.
4. People who study western composition theory and learn about Chinese music tunes are welcome to do a lot of analysis, comparison and induction.
5. It is their responsibility to learn the principles of phonological poetry and composition, to translate and write famous western songs, and to write and modify the lyrics of new songs in China.
6. People who have only read the general music of western music, are good at singing and playing Chinese music, and are familiar with a certain Chinese musical notation, and many music translation jobs are waiting for them.
7. People who study folk songs have an arduous responsibility to improve their musicality.
8. It is their responsibility to study the phonology of dialects, compare and study the local dialects and folk songs, and provide more valuable information.
9. It is the responsibility of those who study social education to work out a reasonable educational plan according to the local people, the original music background and level.
1. Those who specialize in learning a Chinese musical instrument or singing a Chinese musical tune, and seek opinions from the depths and places, after a certain accumulation, it is their mission to create.
There are many occupations that people are engaged in. Sooner or later, some people will think that part of their mission can be related to music.
This section is long. Taking Mozi's "Fei Yue", Qin Shihuang's burning of books and Qing Shengzu as examples, it shows that in the cultural development of music, many music that should not be eliminated, or once the right of political dictatorship is obtained, music is burned or unified, just like unifying thoughts. The truth of history and many unstable factors of music inheritance require us to have a cautious attitude towards music acquisition at present.
"It is also necessary to be prudent to eliminate music in the whole culture, national music in the whole music, a certain national music in the whole national music, a certain school in a certain national music, a certain tune in a certain school and a certain phrase in a certain tune."