1. Johann Sebastian Bach (March 21, 1685 ~ July 28, 175) was born in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany, and was a German composer and keyboard player in the Baroque period? .

In p>17, I went to Lueneburg and studied in the choir of Michelle School. From 173 to 177, he worked in Arnstadt and Milgauzen successively. In 178, he went to Weimar as an organist in the court church; During his nine years in office, he created a lot of organ music and cantata, and studied French classical piano music and Italian string works.

In p>1717, he was hired by Cotten, and served as the court musician and keyboard player in the residence of Prince Leopold. During this period, he created a large number of secular instrumental works, such as violin concerto, various sonatas, suites, creative works, Brandenburg Concerto, and the first episode of Piano Music with Equal Rhythm.

In p>1723, he went to Leipzig and worked in the city for 27 years, serving as the chorus conductor and music director of St. Thomas Church. During this period, he created his important religious and secular music works, including Passion of Matthew, Passion of John, Mass in B minor, cantata, classic songs, ode to the Virgin and so on. In 1749, his vision decreased and he became blind. On July 28th, 175, Bach died in Leipzig at the age of 65.

2. leopold mozart

leopold mozart was born in 1719. As a composer, conductor, music teacher and violinist, Leopold did not enjoy a high reputation in the history of western music, but his status as wolfgang amadeus mozart's father and first teacher is more well known. Leopold mozart once had seven children, but five of them died prematurely. Only the youngest son wolfgang amadeus mozart and his sister Maria Anna Mozart survived tenaciously and grew up.

on the other hand, it is worth mentioning that leopold mozart, as an educator of violin performance, wrote the most important violin education document at that time-Versuch Einer Grü nd Lichen Violin Schule.

leopold mozart was born in 1719. As a composer, conductor, music teacher and violinist, Leopold did not enjoy a high reputation in the history of western music, but his status as wolfgang amadeus mozart's father and first teacher is more well known. Leopold mozart once had seven children, but five of them died prematurely. Only the youngest son wolfgang amadeus mozart and his sister Maria Anna Mozart survived tenaciously and grew up.

on the other hand, it is worth mentioning that leopold mozart, as an educator of violin performance, wrote the most important violin education document at that time-Versuch Einer Grü nd Lichen Violin Schule.

3. Ludwig van Beethoven

ludwig van beethoven (December 16 or 17, 177—March 26, 1827) was born in Bonn, the holy Roman Empire-the candidate country of Cologne, one of the representatives of the Viennese classical music school and a composer in the European classicism period.

Beethoven spent his childhood under the harsh education of his father, which made him stubborn, sensitive and excited. At the age of 22, he began to live in Vienna for life. The Third Symphony, composed between 183 and 184, marked the maturity of his creation. In the following 2 years, a large number of his music works pushed classical music to the peak through strong artistic appeal and grand verve, and predicted the arrival of romantic music in the 19th century. On March 26th, 1827, Beethoven died in Vienna at the age of 57.

Beethoven created a wide range of themes in his life, including 9 symphonies, 1 opera, 32 piano sonatas, 5 piano concertos, many orchestral overtures and sonatas for violin and cello. Because of its great contribution to classical music, the development and innovation of sonata form and symphony suite structure, it was called "Saint of Music" and "King of Symphony" by the later generations.

4. Richard Wagner

Richard Wagner (May 22, 1813—February 13, 1883) was born in Leipzig, Germany, and was a German composer and conductor in The Romantic Period.

In p>1833, he officially started his career as a musician, and in the same year he composed the opera Fairy. In 1843, The Wandering Dutchman premiered at the Dresden Opera House, and Wagner's reputation was established. In 1845, Tang Hauser premiered at the Dresden Palace Theatre. In 1849, Wagner began his exile for more than ten years.

in p>185, Franz Liszt conducted the premiere of lohengrin in Weimar. In 1864, because Ludwig II appreciated Wagner's talent, he decided to pay off his debts, and Wagner's fate took a turning point. In 1865, Tristan and isolde premiered at the Palace Theatre in Munich. In 1868, The Famous Singer of Nuremberg premiered in Munich, which established Wagner's dominant position in German music.

In p>1874, the 26-year-long creative process of The Ring of Nibelungen came to an end. In 1876, The Ring of Nibelungen premiered in Bayreuther under the baton of hans richter, which caused a sensation in European cultural circles. In 1882, "parsifal" premiered at the 3rd reuter Music Festival. On February 13th, 1883, he died of a heart attack in Venice.

5. Franz Joseph Haydn

Franz Joseph Haydn (March 31, 1732—May 31, 189), born in Rollau, southern Austria, was a composer in the classicism period and the founder of the Viennese classical music school.

in p>174, he became a member of the choir of St. Stephen's Cathedral. From 1751 to 1753, he composed the first opera "The Cunning Devil". In 1755, the first string quartets were created. In 1759, he became the music director of Count Ferdinand Morgin, which was the first official appointment in his career, and in the same year he wrote the First Symphony.

During the 3 years from p>1761 to 1791, he worked in Estehach Palace and composed most of his musical works, including symphonies, instrumental concertos, string quartets, piano sonatas and operas. From 1792 to 1794, he made two visits to London, England, during which he composed 12 "London symphonies".

In p>1798, he wrote the oratorio Genesis, which was premiered at the Royal Theatre in Vienna. In 181, he wrote the oratorio "Four Seasons". In 188, he appeared in public for the last time to celebrate his 76th birthday. On May 31st, 189, Haydn died in Vienna at the age of 77.

Haydn is a prolific composer. He wrote more than 1 symphonies, more than 8 string quartets, about 3 operas, as well as mass and religious etiquette songs, cantata, oratorios and so on. He won the titles of "Father of Symphony" and "Father of String Quartet" for his contributions in the fields of symphony and quartet. At the same time, because of his gentle temperament, love for children and concern for subordinates, he won the nickname "Haydn Dad".