Vocal range refers to the range from the lowest bass to the highest pitch that a person's voice or instrument can reach. The characteristic timbre of each sound zone plays an important role in musical performance.

The total range refers to the total range of the sound sequence, that is, the distance from its lowest bass to the highest pitch (C2-C8).

Classification and range

In the art of singing, according to the gender of the well-trained singer, the characteristics of the voice, timbre, range, etc., the following divisions can be made:

1. Female Voice Category

1. Soprano

(1) Lyrical soprano - the tone is cold and ethereal. Its range is c-c3 (or d3).

(2) Dramatic soprano - suitable for singing dramatic melodies. Its vocal range is B-b2 (or c)

(3) Coloratura soprano - its vocal range is c-e3 (or as high as f3).

2. Mezzo-soprano - has the sound quality of both soprano and alto. Its vocal range is G-g2 (or b2).

3. Alto - a more masculine tone. Its vocal range is E-e2 (or g2).

2. Male Voice Category

1. Tenor

①Lyric Tenor - This is a tenor who is good at lyricism, and his range is c-c3 (or d3).

② Dramatic tenor - This is a baritone who is good at drama, and his range is c-b2 (or c3).

③Extreme tenor - its range is c-d3 (or f3).

2. Baritone

Baritone refers to a male singer with a range of A-a1***15 degrees. He usually has the sound quality of both tenor and bass. .

Lyric baritone This is a baritone who is good at lyricism. The range is F-g1 or a1.

Dramatic baritone This is a baritone who is good at drama, with a range from E-e1 to g1.

The virtuoso baritone has a vocal range similar to that of a lyrical baritone, ranging from F-g1 to a1, and is good at language performances.

3. Bass

Singing bass - its range is D-g1 (or a1).

Extreme bass - its range is C-g1.

In the mixed four-part chorus, the range of each voice is used as follows: the soprano's range is B-b1; the alto's range is E-e1; the tenor's range is A-a1; the bass's range is D-d1.

When writing songs for children to sing, it is appropriate for children (primary school students) songs to be at the ninth degree and for young children (kindergarten students) to be at the sixth degree. The commonly used ranges are c1-d2 and e1-c2 respectively.