Organize your own language 1. The most powerful muscle in the human body is the tongue. It is impossible to sneeze with your eyes open. It is impossible to hold your breath and commit suicide. 4. Every time you lick the stamp gum, it is equivalent to absorbing the heat of110. Right-handed people live nine years longer than left-handed people. 6. Crocodiles can't spit out their tongues. 7. Polar bears are left-handed. Starfish haven't evolved their heads yet. 9. A flea can jump 350 times its own length, which is equivalent to a person jumping over an American football field. A cockroach with its head cut off can live for 9 days, and the cause of death after 9 days is starvation. Giraffes don't cough 12. The owl is the only bird that can distinguish blue.
Because the cartilage tissue of the spine is easily compressed during the day. We have been drinking water in our stomach for 300 million years. Chocolate contains a chemical called phenyl. This is something that can be made in your mind when you are in love 17. Only 30% people will enlarge and narrow their nostrils 18. English contains the largest number of words in all languages, nearly one million, while German contains less than180,000, and French is even worse, less than 10,000. After that, my life will change several times. 20. The draft blueprint for the Eiffel Tower covers an area of over 65,438+04,000 square feet. 265,438+0. According to a law passed in Britain in 1845, suicide is a very serious crime, and the heaviest sentence can be hanged. Astronauts can't cry in space. Because there is no gravity, tears can't flow out. 23. The length of the chameleon's tongue is twice its own length. 24. The most commonly used toothpicks are American. 25. Blind chameleons still have the ability to change colors to adapt to their surroundings. 26.27% of American male college students think that life is a meaningless hell on earth. 27. The eye muscles of a normal person are 10000- 15000 times a day on average. 28. Elephants will remain in a standing position after death. 29. Some insects can live 65,438+0 years without their heads. 30. Da Vinci spent 123 1 painting Mona Lisa's lips. The speed of breaking glass can reach up to 3000 miles per hour. 32. Cows can supply more milk when listening to music. Roses picked in the afternoon can last longer than those picked in the morning. 34. The embryo of tiger shark has to go through a fierce struggle in the mother's womb, and the baby tiger shark who can be born alive will win in the end. 35. A 70-pound octopus can pass through a hole the size of a silver coin. Because they don't have a spine. Beethoven used to wash his face with ice water when he was sitting and writing songs. He believes it will make his brain make better things. 37. The stick insects in Indonesia are the largest insects in the world, some of which are as long as 1.38 feet. Men's bodies contain more blood than women's bodies. Usually, a person's blood can be as high as 65,438+0.5 gallons. But women only have 0.875 gallons. 39. The inventor of parachute gave a dog the first chance to parachute. 40. The wing length of a Boeing 747 is exactly the distance of the Wright brothers' first flight, 4 1. A JP crab may be as long as 65,438+02 feet. 42. Sharks can only detect one millionth of blood in water. Children grow faster in spring. 45. Do you know how much water from the Amazon River flows into the Atlantic Ocean? In the Atlantic Ocean, 65,438+000 miles from the estuary, all the water you drink is still fresh water. 46. Newborn turkeys need parents to teach them how to eat, or they will starve to death. 47. The moon weighs 810 billion pounds. Bats are the only mammals that can fly. 49. A caterpillar has more than 2000 muscles. 50. Hippos run faster than people. I'll give you some non-genetic food.
Although there is no convincing research report so far that these improved varieties are toxic, some researchers believe that artificial extraction and addition of genes may achieve some ideal effects, but it will also increase and accumulate trace toxins in food. The accumulation of this toxin is a long process, but it may indeed be in progress, so no one can be sure that these improved varieties are not toxic at present.
Secondly, the problem of allergic reaction. Because of the transfer of protein, people who are allergic to one kind of food are sometimes allergic to foods they were not allergic to before.
For example, scientists add a certain gene of corn to the genes of walnuts, wheat and shellfish, and protein also adds it along with the genes, so people who used to be allergic to corn may be allergic to walnuts, wheat and shellfish. The third is nutrition.
Scientists believe that foreign genes will destroy the nutrients in food in ways that people don't know yet. The fourth is the resistance to antibiotics.
When scientists add a foreign gene to plants or bacteria, the gene will be connected with other genes, and the success of this connection determines whether the foreign gene is accepted by the original gene. After people take this improved food, the food will transfer the drug resistance gene to the pathogenic bacteria in the human body, which will make the human body resistant to drugs.
The fifth is the threat to the environment. Many transgenic varieties contain bacterial genes extracted from Bacillus, which can produce a protein that is toxic to insects and pests.
This gene can prevent farmers from using synthetic pesticides, but biologists warn that it can also easily make insects resistant. If so, then the improved variety and its offspring will have no use value.
In addition, in a laboratory study in May this year, the larva of a butterfly died or developed abnormally after eating the pollen of milkweed plants containing Bacillus genes, which caused another concern of ecologists, that is, other species that are not within the scope of improvement may become victims of improved species. Finally, biologists worry that improved crops may spread to wild species through pollen and other media in order to cultivate better characteristics, such as stronger resistance to pests and diseases and drought.
Principle of alcohol disinfection Alcohol, also called ethanol, is the most commonly used skin disinfectant, and 75% alcohol is used for sterilization.
2. 200 words of biological knowledge is urgently needed.
First, cryopreservation of plant genetic resources.
From 1950s to 1960s, plant tissue culture technology began to appear, and it was constantly improved and developed. On this basis, 1975 put forward the strategy of in vitro conservation of plant germplasm resources.
Over the past decades, various in vitro preservation techniques have been gradually developed, and the preservation methods can be divided into general preservation. Slow growth and cryopreservation.
Among them, ultra-low temperature preservation is a combination of in vitro preservation and cryobiology, which refers to a set of biotechnology to preserve germplasm resources at extremely low temperature below MINUS 80 degrees. The commonly used cold source for ultra-low temperature is dry ice (minus 79 degrees) cryocooler.
Liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees) and liquid nitrogen vapor phase (-140 degrees). Cryopreservation of materials can greatly reduce or even terminate the process of metabolism and aging, maintain the stability of biomaterials, minimize the intensity of physiological metabolism and reduce the occurrence of genetic variation.
Theoretically, the storage period of plant materials in liquid nitrogen can be extended indefinitely, and the growth of plants can stop completely. Second, a new source of tissue engineering-primordial germ cells.
Primitive germ cells have developmental totipotency, so isolation and cloning will be better than fewer inner cell clusters because of their large number. It can be used as a new source of tissue engineering.
Primordial germ cells are the best material to study the relationship between genomic imprinting and early embryo development, and also an effective carrier to study the in vitro model of germ cell development and differentiation and the genetic operation of transgenic animals, which has broad application prospects. Stem cells refer to cells with self-renewal and high proliferation ability and differentiation potential.
Stem cells are divided into three categories according to their differentiation potential: totipotent stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells and directed stem cells.
Totipotent stem cells include embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and embryonic germ cells (EG cells). ES cells are derived from the cell mass in the blastocyst, while EG cells are derived from the primordial germ cells in the gonad of the embryo. Both of these cells can differentiate into nerve cells.
Hematopoietic stem cells and cardiomyocytes, inoculated in immunocompromised mice, can grow teratomas with three germ layers. Embryonic stem cells have a wide range of application values and have become a research hotspot in the field of biotechnology. However, it is forbidden or strictly restricted by many countries because of the need to destroy living embryos to obtain es cells, so the establishment of EG cell line has begun to attract researchers' attention.
The most potential application field of pluripotent stem cells is transplantation medicine, which can induce them to differentiate into specific cells under certain conditions and even construct specific tissues and organs in vitro. Such as inducing differentiation into cardiomyocytes to treat myocardial infarction and other diseases; Differentiation into islet cells can cure diabetes; Differentiation into nerve cells, some Parkinson's disease.
Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease can be treated and so on.
So that human tissue replacement therapy shows a bright future. It lays a solid foundation for organ transplantation, injury repair and cell therapy of some diseases in the future.
What is my little knowledge of biology about 200 words?
The longest plant on land.
In the tropical forests of Africa, there are towering trees, exotic flowers and plants, and "ghost ropes" that trip you. This is a white rattan wrapped around the tree for countless times.
White rattan, also called provincial rattan, is also produced in Yunnan, China. Rattan chair, rattan bed, rattan blue, rattan bookshelf, etc. , are made of rattan as raw material.
Rattan stems are usually very thin, as thick as a small handleless wine cup, and some are thinner. It has a cluster of pinnate leaves at the top, and there are thorns on the leaves. The upper part of the stem is long and strong until the tip of the stem, and it is covered with large, pointed downward-bending spines. Like a barbed whip, it swings with the wind. As soon as it touched the big tree, it clung to the trunk and soon grew a bunch of new leaves. Then it continued to climb along the trunk, while the leaves below gradually fell off. After climbing to the top of the tree, the white rattan kept growing, but there was nothing to climb, so its longer and longer stems hung down, and the tree was regarded as a pillar and wound around it into countless strange circles.
Rattan is 300 meters long from root to top, which is twice as long as the tallest eucalyptus in the world.
There is little knowledge about biology.
1, balance bar and fly's compound eye
The wings of flies (also called balance bars) are "natural navigators", and people imitate them to make "vibrating gyroscopes". At present, this instrument has been applied to rockets and high-speed aircraft, realizing automatic driving. The fly eye is a kind of "compound eye", which consists of more than 30O0 small eyes. People imitate it and make a "fly-eye lens". The "compound eye lens" is composed of hundreds or thousands of small lenses arranged in sequence. It can be used as a lens to make a "compound eye camera" and can take thousands of identical photos at a time. This kind of camera has been used for printing plate making and copying a large number of tiny circuits of electronic computers, which greatly improves the work efficiency and quality. "Compound eye lens" is a new type of optical element, which has many uses.
(quoted from)
2. The winged mole of dragonfly
Above the leading edge of each dragonfly wing, there is a beautiful horny thickening part, which is biologically called wing nevus or wing eye. This is a device used by dragonflies to overcome the "flapping" in flight, which plays a role in smooth flight. If we remove this mole and release it, we will see it flying around, not as smooth as before. After discovering the secret of dragonfly, people borrowed it to the plane, and made a thickened area on the leading edge of the two wings of the plane, or added a "counterweight" device, thus eliminating the harmful "flutter" phenomenon.
(Quoted from Baidu Encyclopedia)
Give me an easy-to-understand 200-word biology class.
Desert (also called desert) refers to sandy desert, and one third of the earth's land is desert.
Due to the lack of water, it is generally believed that the desert is desolate and lifeless, and it is called "barren sand". Compared with other areas, there are not many creatures in the desert, but if you look closely, you will find that there are many animals and plants hidden in the desert, especially those that come out at night.
Desert areas are mostly beaches or sand dunes, and rocks often appear under the sand. The soil is thin and there are few plants.
Some deserts are salt flats without any vegetation. Deserts are generally aeolian landforms.
There are sometimes valuable mineral deposits in the desert, and many oil reserves have been discovered in modern times. There are few residents in the desert, and resource development is relatively easy.
The desert climate is dry and it is also a paradise for archaeologists. Many human cultural relics and earlier fossils can be found. The percentage of desert in the world: the global land area is 65.438+0.49 billion square kilometers, accounting for 29% of the total earth area, of which about 65.438+0/3 (48 million square kilometers) is arid and semi-arid desert, and it is expanding at the rate of 60,000 square kilometers per year.
The desert area has accounted for 10% of the total land area, and 43% of the land is threatened by desertification. [Edit this paragraph] 2. Desert classification Most deserts are classified according to the number of days of rainfall, total rainfall, temperature and humidity each year.
1953, Peveril Meigs divided the arid area of the earth into three desert camel groups: Gant area is a zone with no plants at all (the annual precipitation is below 100 mm, there is no rainfall all the year round, and the rainfall is not periodic), accounting for 4.2% of the global land area; Arid area refers to the area where grass grows seasonally without trees (evaporation is greater than precipitation, and annual precipitation is below 250 mm), and its area accounts for14.6% of the global land; Semi-dry areas have rainfall of 250-500mm, which is a zone where grass and dwarf trees can grow. Especially dry and arid areas are called deserts, and semi-arid areas are called grasslands.
However, not all areas that meet the drying standards are deserts. For example, on the northern slope of Brooks Mountains in Alaska, the annual rainfall is below 250 mm, which is usually not considered as a desert.
6. Little knowledge of biology
Know little about the classical knowledge of biology
1. The strongest muscle in the human body is the tongue.
It is impossible to sneeze with your eyes open.
It is impossible to hold your breath and commit suicide.
Every time you lick the stamp gum, it is equivalent to absorbing110 heat.
Right-handed people live an average of nine years longer than left-handed people.
Crocodiles cannot stick out their tongues.
7. Polar bears are left-handed.
8. An ostrich's eyes are bigger than its head; Starfish haven't evolved their heads yet.
9. A flea can jump 350 times its own length, which is equivalent to a person jumping over an American football field.
10. A cockroach with its head cut off can live for 9 days, and the cause of death after 9 days is starvation.
1 1. Giraffes don't cough.
12. Owls are the only birds that can distinguish blue.
13. The whale's heartbeat is only 9 times per minute.
14. On average, an adult is 0.4 inch taller in the morning than at night. Because the cartilage tissue of the spine is easily compressed during the day.
15. We have been drinking water for 300 million years.
16. Chocolate contains a chemical called phenyl. This is something that can be made in your mind when you are in love.
17. Only 30% people will enlarge and narrow their nostrils.
18. Among all languages, English contains the largest number of words, close to one million. German vocabulary is less than180,000 words, and French is even worse, less than 10,000 words.
19. The sex of an adult eel will change from male to female, and it will change several times in its life.
20. The draft blueprint for the Eiffel Tower covers an area of over 65,438+04,000 square feet.
2 1. According to a law passed in Britain in 1845, suicide is a very serious crime, and the heaviest sentence can be hanged.
22. Astronauts can't cry in space, because tears can't flow without gravity.
23. The tongue of a chameleon is twice as long as its own body.
24. The people who use toothpicks most often are Americans.
25. Blind chameleons still have the ability to change colors to adapt to their surroundings.
26.27% of American male college students think that life is a meaningless hell on earth.
27. A normal person's eye muscles need to exercise 10000- 15000 times a day on average.
28. The elephant will still stand after death.
29. Some insects can live without their heads 1 year.
30. It took Leonardo da Vinci 12 years to draw the lips of the Mona Lisa.
3 1. When glass is broken, the maximum speed of glass fragments can reach 3000 miles per hour.
32. Cows can supply more milk when listening to music.
Roses picked in the afternoon last longer than those picked in the morning.
34. The tiger shark's embryo has to go through a fierce struggle in the mother's womb, and finally the baby tiger shark can be born alive.
35. A 70-pound octopus can pass through a hole the size of a silver coin because they have no spine.
Beethoven used to wash his face with ice water when he was sitting and writing songs. He believes that this will help his brain to make better things.
37. The stick insects in Indonesia are the largest insects in the world, some of which are 65,438+0 feet long.
38. Men's bodies contain more blood than women's bodies. Usually, men's blood can be as high as 1.5 gallon, while women's body is only 0.875 gallon.
39. The inventor of parachute gave his first parachute jump to a dog.
40. The wing length of a Boeing 747 is exactly the distance of the Wright brothers' first flight.
4 1. A big Japanese crab may be as long as 12 feet.
42. Sharks can only detect one millionth of blood in water.
43. The original meaning of "samba" in "samba dance" is "grinding navel together".
Children grow faster in spring.
45. Do you know how much water from the Amazon River flows into the Atlantic Ocean? In the Atlantic Ocean within 0/00 mile from the estuary/kloc-,the water you drink is still fresh water.
46. Newborn turkeys need parents to teach them how to eat, or they will starve to death.
47. The moon weighs 810 billion pounds.
Bats are the only mammals that can fly.
49. A caterpillar has more than 2000 muscles.
50. Hippos run faster than people.
7. Biological short stories (150~200).
Animal story "The Dead Butterfly that Changed Color to Avoid Enemies"
In the insect kingdom, there are many stealth masters like stick insects. They not only simulate the surrounding environment in appearance, but also keep the body color consistent with the environment as much as possible, so it is difficult to distinguish natural enemies from true enemies. The butterfly is one of the masters who can change color and avoid the enemy.
Dead-leaf butterfly is also called wood-leaf butterfly. Listening to its name, people can easily associate it with the dead branches and leaves of trees. Indeed, the dead-leaf butterfly is very inconspicuous in the butterfly family, but its stealth stunt is impressive. It can change color and shape in different environments, hide itself, deceive natural enemies with vivid camouflage and protect its own safety.
How does a dead leaf butterfly show its invisibility? It turns out that its front wing is shaped like the tip of a leaf, and its rear wing is like the petiole of a leaf. The front and rear wings are stacked together and look like a leaf. What's even more amazing is that on this "leaf", there are dark brown lines very similar to veins and diseased spots similar to withered and yellow leaves. Put it with the leaves, it can almost be confused. When the butterfly was preyed by natural enemies, it quickly landed on the branches of broad-leaved trees, clung to the branches with its body and stood with its wings together. At this time, it is like a yellow leaf, mixed with other leaves, making it difficult for natural enemies to distinguish which one is a bug and which one is a leaf, and it loses its hunting target.
When the dead-leaf butterfly drinks water by the pool or forages on tree trunks and flowers, it will also be invisible for its own safety. It puts its wings flat on its back and covers its body with wings. At this time, its body color will be consistent with the surrounding environment, and it looks like a piece of moss or fungus. This can not only deceive the sight of natural enemies, but also ensure their own safety.
8.200 words of meaningful biological knowledge
1856, Mendel started the pea experiment for 8 years soon after he returned to Bruen from Vienna University. Mendel first got 34 varieties of peas from many seed vendors, and selected 22 varieties for experiments. They all have some stable characters, which can be distinguished from each other, such as tall or short stems, round or wrinkled seeds and gray or white seed coats.
Mendel carefully observed, counted and analyzed the characters and quantity of peas in different generations by artificially cultivating these peas. Using this experimental method requires great patience and rigorous attitude. He loves his research work, and the guests who often visit him point to Doudou and say proudly, "This is my child!" " "
After eight years of hard work, Mendel discovered the basic laws of biological inheritance and obtained the corresponding mathematical relationship. People call his discovery "Mendel's first law" (that is, Mendel inherited separation phenomenon) and "Mendel's second law" (that is, the law of gene free combination), which reveals the basic laws of biological genetic mystery.
9. Little knowledge of biology
I don't know what you want.
1. The smallest flower in the world is the aquatic duckweed floating on the water-rootless duckweed. In fact, the rootless duckweed has set two other world records, namely, the smallest flowering plant and the smallest fruit plant in the world.
2. The largest flower in the world is a parasitic plant in the tropical forest of Sumatra Island-Dawanghua. Its maximum diameter can reach 1.4m and its weight can reach 10kg. It is also the most smelly flower in the world.
The smallest seed in the world is the seed of velvet orchid. How small is it? It is estimated that the sum of 500,000 Eupatorium adenophorum seeds is less than1g.
The biggest seed in the world is the seed of compound coconut tree. The seed of compound coconut tree is 50cm long and weighs 15kg.
When flies and mosquitoes fly by, they will hear buzzing sound. It is not that they can bark, but that their flight speed is between 20 and 20000 times per second. What people hear is the vibration of air.
Six, the white rabbit's body contains no pigment, its eyes are actually colorless, and the red we see is the color of eyeball blood reflection, not the color of eyeball.
7. Many animals, such as frogs and snakes, hibernate in winter, but sea cucumber, on the contrary, is a summer sleeping animal. Do you know why? It turns out that sea cucumbers feed on some small creatures. In summer, due to the strong sunshine and the high temperature of the upper seawater, small animals at the bottom of the sea float on the surface of Shanghai for a lot of food and proliferation, resulting in the loss of food sources for sea cucumbers, so sea cucumbers can only sleep in summer.
8. Are termites ants? In fact, although termites and ants are both called "ants", they belong to two different orders. Termites are isopipes, and ants are HYMENOPTERA. Taxonomically, termites belong to lower semi-metamorphosed insects, while ants belong to higher completely metamorphosed insects. So termites and ants can't be confused. Nine, when the snake preys, it uses the buccal fossa between the eyes and nose to "locate" the distant prey. They are born with infrared perception and can "see" mammals that emit heat. When a snake swallows its prey, it will open its mouth wide and temporarily dislocate its jaw so as to swallow it as much as possible, and then after swallowing, its jaw will return to its original position. Spiders weave webs not only to catch prey, but also to predict the weather. If you see spiders spinning webs, the rainy weather will clear up; If you see spiders pulling in their nets, it will become rainy. This is because there are many small spinnerets on the spider's tail, which are sticky and cold. When rainy weather comes, due to the high humidity in the air and a lot of water vapor, the water vapor is easy to condense into small water droplets in the spider's spinneret, so the spider feels difficult when spinning, so it stops spinning and closes the net.
10. Biological encyclopedia knowledge
1. A very strange small gas analyzer, which was successfully copied from annoying flies. It is installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin. 2. From fireflies to artificial luminescence; 3. Electric fish and volt batteries; 4. The windward ear of jellyfish imitates the structure and function of jellyfish ear, and designs a storm predictor, which can forecast the storm 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to navigation and fishery safety. According to the visual principle of frog's eye, people have successfully developed an electronic frog's eye. This kind of electronic frog's eyes can accurately identify objects with specific shapes like real frog's eyes. After installing electronic frog eyes in radar system, the anti-jamming ability of radar is greatly improved. This radar system can quickly and accurately identify aircraft, ships and missiles with specific shapes, especially distinguish between true and false missiles and prevent them from being confused with real missiles. Electronic frog eyes are also widely used in airports and traffic arteries. At the airport, it can monitor the take-off and landing of aircraft, and give an alarm in time if it is found that the aircraft is about to collide. On the main road, it can direct the driving of vehicles. 6. According to the principle of bat ultrasonic locator, people also copied "Pathfinder" for the blind. This pathfinder is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter, and blind people can find people at telephone poles, steps, bridges and so on. Now, "ultrasonic glasses" with similar functions have also been made. 7. An incomplete photosynthetic device simulating cyanobacteria will be designed. So that a large amount of hydrogen can be obtained. 8. According to the study of human skeletal muscle system and bioelectricity control, a kind of human strength enhancer-walking machine is imitated. 9. The hook of modern crane originated from the claws of many animals. The corrugated roof imitates the proportion of animals. 55438+0 1. Paddles imitate fish fins. 55438+ 100080006 or sawtooth grass. 13. The plants of Xanthium were inspired and invented velcro. 14. Lobsters with a keen sense of smell provide inspiration for people to make odor detectors. 15. Gecko toes provide an encouraging prospect for manufacturing reusable adhesive tapes. 16.