Some are found in literature but not in archeology, and some are found in archeology but not in literature. Most of the major inventions and creations can be compared with archeology. However, scholars have very different opinions on the documents recording the Huangdi era. Some believe it, some do not believe it, some are dubious, and some believe part of it. It is right to attach importance to pre-Qin documents, but we cannot completely deny the new materials and new insights proposed by later documents. In line with this guiding ideology, I combine ancient historical documents with archaeological materials to introduce the creations and inventions of the Huangdi era. One is the invention of pottery. Pottery had been invented in the Shennong era, and the earliest date may be as early as 10,000 years ago. The Peiligan cultures discovered by archaeologists from seven to eight thousand years ago already had many varieties of pottery. In the Huangdi era, "Wuyuan" said: "Xuanyuan makes bowls and dishes." In fact, pottery such as bowls and dishes had already appeared in the Peiligan cultures in the Yandi era. "Ancient History" says: "The Yellow Emperor had cauldrons and steamers." These two kinds of pottery can be said to be new products. If there is a cauldron and steamer, there must be a pottery tripod. There are also pottery stoves in the Yangshao culture of the Miaodigou type. The pottery of the Yangshao period also includes pottery pots, pottery pots, pottery bowls, pottery bottles, pottery plates and pointed bottom bottles. During the Yangshao period, pottery production played a very important role in people's lives, and there were even "officials" who managed pottery production. "Biography of Immortals" says: "Ning Fengzi is the Yellow Emperor Tao Zheng. Some people have passed it and held fire for him, which can emit five-color smoke. For a long time, if he teaches Fengzi, the Fengzi will accumulate fire and burn himself. Burning pottery may produce five-color smoke. It is a reflection of the light refraction of fired painted pottery. The emergence of painted pottery is a major breakthrough in the history of pottery making. It reflects the improvement of pottery firing technology, the emergence of painted pottery, and the scientific selection and experimentation of painted pottery. Life and means of transportation. "Shiben" says: "Yongfu made a mortar," "Yongfu made a pestle," "Was used as a bow," "Yimou made an arrow," "Handed down as a weed," "Handed down as a hammer," "Handed down as a plow." ', "Japanese drums and Huodi Zuozhou" were both created by Huang Dichen. Before the Yangshao culture, the grain processing tools included stone grinding discs and stone grinding rods. The emergence of pestles and mortars was more advanced than the stone grinding discs. It has been discovered before that the Yimo bow and arrow are used as an improvement. Stone arrows, clam arrows and bone arrows are commonly found in the sites of the Yangshao period. They are all agricultural tools, mainly. Wooden, stone or bone agricultural production tools have been found in various sites, equivalent to the stone plows found in the Hongshan Culture and Liangzhu Culture of the late Yangshao Culture. The Chinese wooden plow may have appeared, and some round-edged stone shovels are believed to be primitive stone plows. "Yi Xici Biography" says: During the Yellow Emperor's time, "the harvested wood was used for boats, and the chopped wood was used for jigs." The boat jigs must have been used during the Yangshao Culture period. Yes, wooden oars for rowing boats were found in the Liangzhu Culture around the same time as the late Yangshao Culture, which is direct evidence of the decayed wooden boats. The boat-shaped pottery found in the Yangshao Culture shows that the boats at that time were single-handed. Wooden boats. Tools not found in literature but found in archaeological discoveries include axes, adzes, shovels, knives, sickles, chisels, etc. The third is weaving hemp silk to make clothes. "Yi Xici Biography" says: "The Yellow Emperor... clothes. ,' "Shiben" said: "Bo Yu made the clothes" and "Hu Cao made the crown clothes." Song Zhong noted: Boyu and Hu Cao were both Huang Di's ministers. "Chronicles of the Bamboo Book" says: "(Yellow Emperor) first wore crown uniforms." This shows that people in the Yellow Emperor's time were no longer naked, or wearing leaves and animal skins, but had hats and clothes. "Huainanzi·Si Lunxun" says: "Boyu made clothes with hemp ropes, and his hands were hung with fingers, and they were like a snare." "The traces of cloth patterns on pottery from the Yangshao period have been identified by experts as linen, with about 10 longitude and latitude lines per centimeter. The sparseness is indeed like a net. "Tongjian Waiji" said: "Leizu, the daughter of the Xiling family, was the emperor of the Yellow Emperor Yuan Dynasty. The concubine first taught the people to raise silkworms and cured silk cocoons for clothing. Later generations worshiped her as the first silkworm. "This means that during the Huangdi period, silkworms were raised and silkworms were reeled and weaved to make clothes. In the Central Plains, silkworm cocoons and pottery-shaped silkworm pupae were found in the Yangshao period. In the Liangzhu Culture in the south of the Yangtze River, which was in the late Yangshao period, ribbons and silk were found. Woven silk. This shows that people in the Huangdi era not only wore linen clothes, but also had higher-grade silk clothes. The fourth is paintings and sculptures. "Shiben" said: "Shi Huang made pictures." The note says: "The Emperor of History is also a minister of the Yellow Emperor. The picture is a painting of objects. "Zhang Shucui quoted from "Yitong Guayu" and said: "Miao Long, the son of Xuanyuan, is the ancestor of painting. "Painting objects" was used to record things in the early days, and gradually developed into pictures. There is no record of painting before the Yellow Emperor, and no painting was discovered before the Yangshao culture. Entering the Yangshao period, painted pottery paintings attracted worldwide attention, and their contents included animals. , plants, were figurative in the early days, and gradually developed into abstract paintings, until a large number of geometric patterns appeared. There is no clear record in the literature about the sculpture art at that time, but the archaeological discoveries are very rich in beautiful shapes. Both pottery and decorations belong to the category of sculpture art. In addition, pottery birds, geckos, and pottery human heads were found in the Yangshao Culture. The most exquisite ones were the pottery E tripods found in the Dawenkou Culture. There are lifelike goddesses and jade dragons found in the Hongshan Culture, and the various jade carvings found in the Liangzhu Culture are even more wonderful. The "Shiben" said: "The Yellow Emperor's music is called "Xianchi". "Historical Records. Music Book. Collection" quotes Zheng Xuanri: "The name of the music was written by Huangdi, and Yao added it and used it." Salty, both. Chi's talk about giving is also about giving to all those who are virtuous. "Century of Emperors" said: "The Yellow Emperor damaged the harp of Fu Xi, which was twenty-five strings long and seven feet and two inches long." "The specific content of "Chengchi" cannot be known, and the Se from the Yellow Emperor's time has not been found in archaeology.

There are pottery drums found in the Yangshao Culture, but it is not known what kind of skin they were covered with. A crocodile skin drum was found in the Taosi Longshan ruins. "Shiben" said: "The Yellow Emperor sent Ling Lun to make chimes." There were stone chimes in the Longshan Culture. Although no stone chimes with the same shape were found in the Yangshao Culture, many stone tools with holes can be used as percussion instruments. Historical records record that pottery xun existed in ancient times, and indeed there was pottery xun in the Yangshao culture. In the Peiligang Culture before the Yangshao Culture, the seven-note bone flute dating back seven or eight thousand years was discovered, which is a miracle in the history of music. From this, it can be imagined that the musical level of the Yangshao period was high. The sixth is text, Bagua and celestial calendar. "Shiben" says: "Jusong and Cangjie wrote the book." Song Zhong notes that Jusong and Cangjie were ministers of the Yellow Emperor. History books such as "Han Feizi·Wuzhi Chapter", "Huainanzi·Tai Nationality Chapter" and Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi" all identify Cangjie as the first author. In the Yangshao ruins of Banpo and Jiangzhai, a considerable number of engraved symbols were found, which many scholars believe are relics of the original writing. Hieroglyphics were discovered in the Dawenkou Culture. "Emperor Century" said: "The Pao (Fu) Xi clan made the Eight Trigrams, Shen Nong changed it into the Sixty-four Hexagrams, the Yellow Emperor, Yao and Shun widely applied it and divided it into two Yis. Huang Di's "Gui Zang" contains sixty-four hexagrams and ninety-six lines written by King Wen, which is called "The Book of Changes". "The Book of Changes is well known to everyone, and scholars at home and abroad have formed a craze for the study of the Book of Changes. China's Yi Xue includes the philosophy of social sciences and natural sciences, and represents the highest level of ancient Chinese culture. Bagua from the Huangdi era has been discovered in archeology. The Chong Gua 6,000 years ago was discovered in the Qingdun site in Hai'an, Jiangsu Province. In his article "Cultural Theory of Reproductive Worship", Zhao Guohua pushed the origin of the Bagua to the Yangshao Culture period in Banpo, Xi'an 6,000 years ago. The Dawenkou Culture discovered that turtle shells contained small stones, which were used as divination tools. Divination bones were found in the late Yangshao ruins of Xiawanggang in Xichuan, indicating that divination appeared in the Huangdi era. "Bamboo Book Annals" says: "(Yellow Emperor) was swimming on the Luo River and saw a big fish. He killed five animals and offered it as a offering. It rained heavily. For seven days and seven nights, the fish flowed into the sea and he found a book. The dragon map came out of the river. The Turtle Book comes out of Luo, and the red seal script (green) characters are used to teach Xuanyuan. "The "Hetu" and "Luo Book (or Turtle Book)" mentioned here are the ancient celestial calendar and are closely related to the Bagua. "Historical Records·Almanac" says: "The Yellow Emperor determined the celestial calendar, established the Five Elements, and started the news. It was a leap year, so there were officials of heaven, earth, gods, and animals, which are called the five sense organs, and each has its own order." "Suo Yin" quoted. "Shiben" and "Lü Li Zhi" said: "The Yellow Emperor made Xihe to predict the sun, Chang Yi to predict the moon, Yu District to astrological Qi, Ling Lun to create the law and Lu, Da Nao to make Jiazi, Li Shu to do arithmetic, and Rong Cheng synthesized these six skills. The above paragraphs illustrate that the Yellow Emperor attached great importance to the observation of astronomical phenomena and set up full-time officials to determine the celestial calendar. Rong Cheng's "Calendar" represents various scientific and technological achievements. Comparing the archaeological findings, a jade board turtle script Bagua diagram from the Dawenkou culture dating back 5,000 years was discovered in Lingjiatan, Hanshan County, Anhui Province. Experts in astronomy and history believe it to be China's earliest calendar. In Xishuipo, Puyang City, Henan Province, a large Yangshao tomb dating back 6,400 years was discovered. The tomb was located in the south and north, reflecting the theory that the sky was round and the place covered the sky 6,000 years ago. The owner of the tomb was buried with dragons and tigers arranged in clam shells on the left and right sides. Astronomers believe that the understanding of the "East Palace" and "West Palace" of the celestial bodies appeared at that time, which was also the understanding of the spring and autumn equinoxes in the calendar. The Gaitian theory of a round sky and a round place is reflected in Hongshan Culture and Liangzhu Culture. In particular, the jade cong of Liangzhu Culture is very illustrative. Although the above-mentioned archaeological discoveries are only insignificant, they cannot but be a strong confirmation of the emergence of the celestial calendar in the Huangdi era. The seventh is the construction of palaces. "Emperor Century" said: "From the time of the Yellow Emperor onwards, people lived in caves and lived in the wild." "Up to the Yellow Emperor, they built palaces, with upper buildings and lower buildings to wait for wind and rain." In fact, people were already able to build houses before the Yellow Emperor. Seven or eight thousand years ago in the Peiligan Culture, people had settled down, and archeology has discovered many shack-style semi-burrow dwelling sites. By the middle and late Yangshao period, which is what we call the Yellow Emperor's era, people built half-cave houses, ground-level buildings, round houses, and square houses. Posts and beams have been used in building houses, and the walls are made of wooden bones and mud walls. The interior is light and dark. This mode of building houses has laid the foundation for residential buildings with Chinese national style for 5,000 years. It is the originator of Chinese national architecture. Not only that, in the Yangshao culture, large-scale buildings with "front hall and back room" were also discovered, which was the ancestor of the "front hall and back room" building that entered the dynasty era. Especially in the late Yangshao culture of Dadiwan, a large building covering an area of ??400 square meters was discovered. Not only is the building magnificent, but it is also a "four heavy house". No one can believe that the architectural pattern of the palace in a class society actually appeared in 5000. In the former Yangshao culture. What is even more surprising is that original cement (comparable to modern No. 100 cement) and artificial lightweight aggregate were found on the floor of this "Si A Chong House". This is simply a great miracle in the history of architecture. Eighth is bronze. "Guanzi·Dishu" mentions that the Yellow Emperor mined gold (copper) and Chiyou used copper to make utensils. In addition, there is a legend that the Yellow Emperor made a tripod and became an immortal. The place was in Lingbao County today, where there is the original place of the tripod and the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor. This legend is difficult to verify in literature, but it is indeed found in Yangshao culture. Copper casting residues were found in Hebei and Shanxi, and bronze and brass dating back 6,000 years were discovered in Banpo, Xi'an and Jiangzhai, Lintong. Bronze wares were also found in the Majiayao culture in Gansu that dates back 5,000 years. It shows that there are indeed bronze wares in the archaeological culture of the Huangdi era.