melody music: a melody line is the main melody, and the rest of the sound is its accompaniment. This texture is called "melody music". It is generally necessary to highlight the main theme. Other components-bass, harmony, rhythm, etc.-should obey the main theme and keep pace with it at all times. In terms of volume, accompaniment should not exceed the main theme, nor should it interfere with the beat stress. Not only that, but also to set off the main theme, to be anxious and slow, and to have the same feelings. Polyphonic music: In music, two or more melodies can be heard, and these melodies are almost equal in status, and no one obeys anyone. This is polyphonic music. The development history of polyphonic music: it originated in the 9th century. By the 16th and 17th centuries, there was "strict polyphony", mainly chorus. In the strict polyphony, there are different ups and downs of each voice phrase, which is continuous in horizontal direction and clear and harmonious in vertical direction. Around the 18th century, Bach lived in his time. Polyphony music is rising again, but it is a polyphonic music based on the main melody music, so it is the texture of the main melody and polyphony. Writing is much more free than polyphony in the 16th century, so it is called "free polyphony period". The performance is as follows: the transverse melody is diverse and the logic is strict; The longitudinal harmony is rich and powerful. Coupled with the integration of vocal music and instrumental music, the expressive power of music has reached an unprecedented level. From the 18th century to today, the theme music has once again gained the upper hand. In fact, the theme music in many people's eyes is just the main theme+accompaniment. In fact, since the classical period and the romantic period, only popular pop music is pure tonic music. The works of professional composers are generally mixed with polyphonic techniques. For example, in the accompaniment of Chopin's waltz, we can also hear the hidden melody. Polyphony music itself not only cultivates people's spiritual beauty, but also is the basis for learning multi-voice music. Even in the works of the theme era in the 19th century, we can find the subtle relationship between the voices and a large number of polyphonic fragments. In polyphonic music, every voice is singing. Therefore, it can train people's ability to analyze voices, melody lines and music structure, and also train the player's opponent's control ability-balance the hierarchical relationship of each voice. Learning polyphonic music is helpful to cultivate a sense of order. Because polyphonic music is based on the combination of multiple melodies, it pays great attention to the self-development and mutual relationship of each voice, so it forms a series of logic and meter. The training of these contents is helpful to improve our abstract thinking ability and sense of order. Our national music in China is generally monophonic. Then to understand western music, you must first learn polyphonic music and exercise your multi-voice thinking ability.