In the fifth year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (746), Du Fu came to Chang 'an. The following year, he took the imperial examination of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Due to the obstruction of treacherous court official Li, none of the candidates were admitted. Since then, there is no way to make progress and live in poverty. It was not until the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755) that he got the position of "from Wei Ling to Fu" and was responsible for guarding the arsenal. In the same year, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and Du Fu was visiting relatives in Fengxian County (now Pucheng, Shaanxi Province). In the second year, he settled in Qiang village of Yinzhou (now Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province) and defected to Su Zong, who ascended the throne in Lingwu (now Gansu Province). On the way, he was captured by the rebels and taken to occupied Chang 'an, during which he witnessed the killing and looting atrocities of the rebels and the suffering of the people. It was not until April of the second year of Zhide (757) that he ventured to Fengxiang (now Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), the temporary residence of Su Zong, and was awarded the post of left. Soon after, he was demoted to join the army as secretary of Huazhou for helping to look after the house. Since then, he was very disappointed with the real politics, gave up his official position, moved his family to the west, and finally arrived in Chengdu. With the help of Yanwu and others, he built a thatched cottage on the banks of Huanhuaxi in the west of the city, named Du Fu Cottage. Later, he was recommended by Yanwu as a clerk and Yuanwailang in the collating department.
After Yanwu's death, he left Chengdu and his family lived in Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Sichuan). Two years later, from Kuizhou to Jiangling and Hengyang.
In the fifth year of Emperor Taizong (770), the poet died in a boat on the Xiangjiang River.
His poems are famous for their richness and variety in art, sometimes bold and unrestrained, sometimes gloomy and sad, or colorful or plain. He is good at metrical poetry and the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His poems are harmonious in rhythm, concise in wording and sentences, and "obsessed with human kindness, words are not surprisingly endless", which is a true portrayal of his rigorous creative attitude. In the history of China literature, he is known as a "poet saint". More than 400 of his/kloc-0 poems have been handed down to this day. This is Du Shaoling. This four-line poem is literally clear, but there have been many objections to its theme. Some people think that it is just a hymn without any implication; However, Yang Shen's Poem of Sheng 'an said: "Hua Qing used imperial rites and music in Shu, mocking it, but his meaning was beyond words, and he got the poet's meaning." Shen Deqian's "On Poetry" also said: "Poetry is expensive and intentional, and words are here. Du Shaoling's tattoos and theft, he wants to write new songs in the sky. " Yang and Shen's theory is preferable. In the feudal society of China, the etiquette system was extremely strict, and even music had an unusually clear hierarchy. According to the book of the Old Tang Dynasty, after the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the great-grandfather Li Yuan ordered the great-grandfather to research the elegant music of the Tang Dynasty, "The emperor is in the Xuan, playing Taihe; The princes went in and out, playing books and; The crown prince announced that he would hang out and play; ..... "These fragmentary music systems are all established laws of the dynasty, and a slight violation is chaos and rebellion. Hua Qing, whose real name is Ding Jing, is Cui Guangyuan of Yinbu, Chengdu, who has made great contributions to the counter-insurgency. However, he was arrogant, arrogant, broke the law and discipline, and allowed the foot soldiers to plunder East Shu. And beyond the court, arrogating the joy of the son of heaven. Du Fu's poems are euphemistic satire. Intriguingly, the author did not explicitly criticize Hua Qing, but adopted a clever pun. Literally, this is an excellent musical hymn. You see: "Jincheng silk tube day after day", Jincheng, namely Chengdu; Silk tubes refer to stringed and wind instruments; Succession, which originally meant that things were numerous and chaotic, was usually used to describe concrete things that could be seen and touched, but here it was used as a metaphor for abstract music that could not be seen and touched, which turned the invisible into visible from the synaesthesia of human hearing and vision, and accurately and vividly described the light, soft, mixed and harmonious musical effect of the stringed instrument. "Half into the river, half into the clouds" is also written like this: melodious music flies out from the banquet of Huaqing's family, rippling in the Jinjiang River with the wind, and Ran Ran floats to the blue sky and white clouds. These two poems let us truly feel the beauty of music. The word "half" is ethereal and clever, which adds a lot of interest to the whole poem. The music is so beautiful that the author can't help but sigh: "This song should only be available in the sky and can be heard several times on earth." Fairy music in the sky, of course, is rare in the world, and it is even more wonderful to smell it. There are four sentences in the whole poem. The first two sentences describe music with concrete images, which are real words; The last two sentences boasting about Yue Xian in the sky are daydreams. Because of reality and emptiness, the reality and reality are born together, and the beauty of music is praised to the extreme. However, this is only a literal meaning, and the implication is meaningful. This can be seen from the words "heaven" and "earth". Those who are "in heaven" are also in the palace where the son of heaven lives; "People" are also outside the palace. This is a common pun in feudal society. It is said that music belongs to the sky, and the word "should only be" has been added. Since it is "should only be in the sky", then "people" should certainly not be "hearing". Don't "smell", but "smell", not only a few times, but also a few days. Therefore, the author's satirical intention is implicit, indirect and accurate. Zhang Tianjue, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once commented on the satirical cloud of poetry: "Satire should not be in full bloom, and anger will show bones and muscles." ("Poet Jade Scrap" Volume 9 quotes) Du Fu's poem contains rigidity in softness, hides needles in cotton, irony in flattery, implication, persuasion without ill words, which is just right. As Yang Lun commented, "It's like flattery and satire. The so-called speaker is not guilty, and the listener is warned. " Such a quatrain, how to reduce the dragon mark (Wang Changling) and sacrifice (Li Bai). "(Du Shi Jing Quan) 6." This song should only exist in the sky. How many times can people hear it? "Two sentences to the effect that this song should be only in the sky, how can someone listen to it many times! Hua Qing is a famous flower and a military commander. Du Fu praised the beauty of his music here. " It should only be in the sky "is a beautiful compliment to this piece of music like Yue Xian;" As Yue Xian, of course, I seldom hear about the afterlife, so it is especially valuable to hear about it. Some critics think that these two poems have moral meanings and are satire in praise. They pointed out that Du Fu here implicitly satirized Hua's embezzlement of The Music of the Son of Heaven, which exceeded his duty. Now I quote these two poems only as a compliment. 7, this song should only exist in the sky, and the world can listen to it several times: an inexplicable throb spreads from the ear to the heart, disturbing his just calm state of mind. The horse stopped and stood still. The birds around stopped singing in an instant. Air solidifies. Time has stopped. There is only a faint voice between heaven and earth. This, this is ... that is an ethereal and distant song, like Yue Xian accidentally falling into the depths of the clouds, pure and melodious, spotless, singing the loneliness that ordinary people can't understand and washing away the soul polluted by dust. It seems that on a cold night, a crystal white lotus blooms on the holy snow-capped mountain, filled with fragrant petals fluttering leisurely until it floats to the baptized and transparent heart, spilling meaningful fragrance all the way. Another example is the radiance of silver moon, waving hazy wings in the night, light and elegant, immersed in a quiet dream. Soft, wing-like and poetic songs tell the moving beauty that does not belong to this world, and even the most exquisite and beautiful words are far behind. Because, that's the sound of nature. Teana. A voice that can sing deep into the soul. 7. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Haole was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius traveled all over the world, Qi Wenshao, but he didn't know the taste of meat in March. This is the charm of music. Chu and Han contended, and in the next battle, they sang Chu songs, which disintegrated Jiang's tenacious fighting spirit and was better than hundreds of soldiers. This is the attraction of music. The Three Kingdoms competed for hegemony, Sima Yi came to the street pavilion, Zhuge Liang paid tribute to Chengtou, and a song "House of Flying Daggers" scared off 100,000 Wei soldiers. This is the magic of music. Music, the soul of the seven great arts. From the most primitive classical music to the most modern pop music, it shows the long history and profound culture of the Chinese nation ... only national music is world-wide. Working in the field, we can't live without music; Eulogize the beautiful life, we can't live without music; To express our feelings, we cannot do without music; The cock crows and the dog barks, which is music; Insects and birds are singing, which is music; Wind, rain, thunder and lightning are all music ... pop music, classical music, country music, rock music, jazz music ... returning to nature is the highest realm of music. 8. This song should only exist in the sky, and people can hear it several times-Moonlit Night on the Spring River, which is the only famous sentence left by Zhang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty in China. It depicts the scenery along the river in the spring night with beautiful words and is called a masterpiece of "covering the whole Tang Dynasty in a single story". Wen Yiduo called it: "This is a poem among poems, the peak on the peak. "This poem was adapted into national orchestral music by Peng Xiuwen, a famous contemporary musician in China, and it was widely circulated. Moonlit Night on the Spring River was originally a pipa solo, named Muxiao Drum (also known as Muxiao Qu, Xunyang Pipa, Xunyang jathyapple and Xunyang Qu). About 1925, this piece was first adapted into a national orchestra. After liberation, it has been adapted by many people, which is more perfect and deeply loved by domestic and foreign audiences. Through euphemistic and simple melody, smooth and changeable rhythm, clever and delicate orchestration and clever performance, music vividly depicts the charming scenery of the riverside on a moonlit night and praises the charm of Jiangnan water town. The whole song is like a long scroll of landscape painting, with delicate strokes, soft colors, beautiful and elegant, and fascinating. The first paragraph, "Bells and Drums in Jianglou", describes the setting sun reflected on the river, and the smoke rippled. Then, the band played a beautiful theme in unison, and the phrases were linked and euphemistic. The drums are soft and profound. The second and third paragraphs show the artistic conception of "the East Mountain on the Moon" and "the wind turns to bend the water". Then, if you see the river blowing gently, flowers swaying, reflections in the water, layers of trance. Entering the fifth stage of "deep clouds", the magnificent scenery of "there is no dust in the sky on the river, and there is a solitary moon wheel in the sky" arises spontaneously. The band played in unison, speeding up the pace, just like the picture of white sails, fishing songs in the distance, singing one by one from far and near. In the seventh paragraph, the pipa is played with a sweeping wheel, just like a fishing boat breaking through the water and setting off waves lapping on the shore. The climax of the whole song is the ninth paragraph "I am returning to the ship", which shows the artistic conception of returning to the ship, breaking water, splashing waves and shouting "I am" from far to near. Back to the distant ship, everything was silent, and the river seemed more quiet. The whole song ends in a melodious and slow melody, which makes people memorable. 9. Spend your life busy every day, doing things you don't want to do but have to do. The life of rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea erased the innocence of my childhood and some naive but lofty ideals, so I adopted the ostrich policy. I didn't face it. I was ashamed to face it. I didn't dare to recall the fun of my childhood for fear of causing tears. Did my happy childhood really leave me? So much so that I almost forgot that wonderful time, childhood is a beautiful and moving movement, and every happy segment is a note of this beautiful movement, jumping up and down happily on the wireless spectrum, telling you that the fun of childhood is beyond your grasp. This song is often heard in dreams, but it is silent when you wake up. Time is like water, and the past is like a cloud, so when I dream back at night and can't sleep again, I can only immerse myself in childhood memories for a long time. Those sweet, unforgettable, childlike memories-childhood is the smell of baking sweet potatoes with friends, the screams of happiness when fighting in the river, the laughter when playing with horses, the panic when being chased by a big bad dog in the orchard, the cry of protest from the mother bird when digging out eggs, putting a bottle of ink on the teacher's doorframe to wait for the teacher's pride, the ignorance when bringing small caterpillars home as silkworms, and catching tadpoles when long legs are observed. It is the expectation when I come home to plant a pot of garlic after class, the speed when I squeeze out all the toothpaste at home to change the toothpaste skin, the happiness when I ask my mother for a dime for my teacher after class, the gluttony when I grab a meal with my brother, and all the happy memories. Childhood is a wonderful melody, but now it is "this song should only be heard in the sky, and the world can listen to it several times"! 10, the best season for cloud observation is summer. This is because there is much rain in summer and the ground humidity is high. With the increase of height, water vapor condenses into more water droplets or ice crystals than in other seasons, and the morphological changes of clouds are more abundant and strange. Looking from the ground to the air, different kinds of clouds, such as soft cotton wool, clusters, clusters, are crystal white and dotted; Some are like canoes, drifting quietly in the sky with the wind. In a blink of an eye, cotton wool turned into mountains and rivers, and canoes turned into galloping horses, which made the cloud watchers sigh and marvel like a mirage.
The most beautiful clouds in a day appear at dusk. Looking up to the west, the clouds set off by the sunset glow will be inlaid with golden halos, and some will be as silk as strings, drawing a wonderful picture; Some are like Qionglou Yuyu, standing in the sky and overlooking the world. When Wan Daoxia's light penetrates the clouds, the clouds become the messengers to spread the light. The rivers are covered with gold, the mountains are dyed, and the clouds are steaming, which is spectacular. Watching people crazy, daydreaming again and again.
However, the best place to see clouds is not on the ground, but in the air. Looking up at the ground, you can only see the shape of the cloud, but looking at the cloud from the air, you can see both the shape and the spirit of the cloud. The cruising altitude of the plane is between 8000m and10000m. This height is just above the beautiful clouds, and the various expressions and postures of the clouds are unobstructed. Looking out from the porthole, you will see the beauty of mountains and rivers in the sea of clouds, the vastness of plains, the vastness of lakes and seas, and the surging rivers. You can also see clouds with different postures, which look like rare birds and animals. They are like lions, tigers, silver camels, squirrels, cunning rabbits and dragons. This wonderful scene of heaven and earth is like a magnificent symphony, sometimes soothing and sometimes passionate. What is it really? "This song should only exist in the sky, but it can be heard on earth" (Du Fu's "Giving Flowers"). 1 1. Suddenly, the flute sounded melodious. The integration of Kunqu inspiration can be described as the biggest highlight of the whole performance. "Chengdu silk tube day after day, half into the kawakaze, half into the clouds. This kind of music should only be in heaven, where can I hear it several times? " After more than 600 years, it left us gracefully with the initial dream, affection and elegance, and let us listen to the amazing beauty in our hearts. The classical beauty of the East is gentle, beautiful, solemn and subtle, such as China's ink painting art, which is as free as running water and as fresh and pleasant as air; Another example is Kunqu opera, which originated in Jiangnan. Exquisite and elegant, it has been a model of literati since ancient times. Western classical art, such as romantic and implicit ancient Greek culture, pursues solemnity, harmony, exquisiteness and smoothness; For example, the baroque art of European courts breaks the tranquility of reason, is passionate, unrestrained, slender, light and gorgeous. 12, there are thousands of teas, and women also have various styles. Women are like tea, tea is like women, and women are like black tea. The more you taste, the better it tastes. Different teas have different languages. And every woman has her own unique feelings. Tasting a woman is like tasting good tea, thick and tender. As long as the water temperature is right, she will give off a faint fragrance from every corner. No matter intelligent or ordinary, every woman will leave thousands of feelings and tenderness in the world, such as the ups and downs of tea in tea soup, the blooming of leaves, the gradual evaporation of joys and sorrows with the fragrance of tea ... A woman may not be able to taste this cup of tea once, but she needs careful understanding and appreciation. Women who like tea have the fresh and distant beauty of tea. A woman is known by the smell of tea, and a woman's heart is known by the taste of tea. For each kind of tea, we can taste different classes of women. Women of different ages, personalities and moods have different smells and tastes of tea ... A good woman is like tea, "Lingxiu dyes green and boils into a wisp of fragrance"! Tea is feasible and Kaya's ambition. Life is inseparable from tea, and the world is inseparable from women. Women are like tea and men are like water. No matter what kind of tea she is, she needs water to show it. When good tea meets good water, it is that this song should only exist in the sky and can be heard several times on earth. If you are unfortunate enough to encounter a bubble of warm water, it will be enough to destroy good tea beyond recognition and be disheartened.