Stave: five equidistant parallel horizontal lines used to record notes and rests.

Clef: A symbol that determines the name and height of the musical notes between the lines of the staff. There are three types of clefs: treble clef, bass clef, and alto clef (because they are changed from the letters G, F, and C, they are also called G, F, and C clefs).

Staff: The staff with high (low, middle) clefs is called high (low, middle) clef or G (F, C) clef.

Note: a symbol used to represent the duration of a musical note.

Rest: a symbol used to indicate a pause in sound.

The composition of notes: note head, stem, and tail.

Note

Rest

Duration

Whole note

Full rest

Four beats

Half note

Half note

Two beat

Quarter note

Quarter rest< /p>

One beat

Eighth note

Eighth note

Half beat

Sixteenth note

Sixteenth note rest

Quarter note

Thirty-second note

Thirty-second note rest

Dotted note (rest): The small dot written on the right side of the note is called dotted note. Dotted notes (rests) are called dotted notes (rests). A dot indicates that the note is prolonged (rested) by half its value.

Tieve "" or "": When used on two or more notes with the same pitch, it means that they are to be sung (played) into one note, and its duration is equal to these The sum of note durations.

Tennis "" or "": 1. Indicates that when singing (playing), the duration of a note or rest can be extended freely according to the needs of performance. 2. The fermata in measure one indicates a short pause between the two measures. 3. The continuum on the double vertical line indicates the end of the music.

Rising and falling notation: a notation used to indicate raising or lowering the basic pitch level.

1. The sharp sign "" means raising the original sound by a semitone.

2. The flat mark "" means lowering the original sound by a semitone.

3. Restore mark "": means to restore the raised or lowered sound.

4. The re-raising mark "" means raising the original sound by one whole tone.

5. The double-lowering mark "" means lowering the original sound by one whole tone.

Note: Sharps and flats are valid for the following notes of the same height in this section. After passing the section line, if there is still a semitone relationship, you need to write another mark, otherwise it will be restored and there is no need to remember "" Number.

Repeat notation: used to indicate repeated performance of part or all of a piece of music.

1. The repetition of sound patterns within a measure is replaced by a slash "/", and the number of slashes is equivalent to the number of symbols.

2. Repetition of the entire section is indicated by "" or "" marks.

3. The repetition of two measures is marked with "" or "" between the two measures.

4. "" means that the middle part of these two marks must be played repeatedly. If you repeat from the beginning, the preceding mark "" can be omitted.

5. Ending marks "1.", "2.": If the repeated tunes "" have different endings, use "1." for the first ending, and skip "1." for the repetition< /p>

Continue with “2.”.

Return and repeat notation:

(D.C): Some music consists of three parts. The first and third parts are exactly the same. When notating, the third part can be replaced by the return and repetition notation.

Writing: Write "D.C" at the end of the second part to indicate that the song will be repeated from the beginning; write "Fine" or "" at the end of the first part to indicate the end of the repetition.

(D.S.): If the repeat position is not at the beginning of the first part of the music, use the "" mark to indicate the repeat position, and mark the "D.S." or "" mark at the end of the second part.

Octave mark:

The octave mark "8----|" means that the notes within the dotted line are moved up an octave when played.

Move down an octave mark "8----|": Indicates that the notes within the dotted line are moved down an octave when played.

Repeat the octave mark "8": Use the number 8 on the upper (lower) surface of the note to indicate that the pitch (lower) octave is repeated. You can also use "con8----8----|" and "con8----|" to express a longer octave higher or lower octave repetition.

The staccato marks "·", "", "": indicate that this sound is interrupted in singing.

Sustained tone symbols: 1. "": Indicates that the note with this symbol should maintain intensity when singing and try to maintain the duration of the note.

2. "": It means that the notes with this mark are slightly stronger when played, and there is a slight separation between the notes.

Arpeggio "": Playing each note in the chord in sequence from bottom to top is called arpeggio playing method.

Boeing: 1. Smooth Boeing "": It starts with the main tone, quickly enters the adjacent tone above, and immediately returns to the main tone.

2. Inverse tone "": It starts with the main tone, then enters the adjacent tone below, and then immediately returns to the main tone.

3. Fushun (reverse) Boeing "" (""): the upper (lower) adjacent sound appears twice in a row.

Appropriate tone: 1. Pre-appropriate tone "": one or more very short ornamental tones sung before the main note.

2. Back-appropriate tone "": one or more very short decorative tones sung after the main note.

Trill "tr": formed by the rapid and even alternation of the main sound and the adjacent sound above it.

Portamento: Use curves or arrows to indicate that "" or "" means sliding up, and "" or "" means sliding down.