Translation:

Tao Qian's courtesy name was Yuanming. Some people say that Yuanming's courtesy name was Yuanliang and he was from Chaisang, Xunyang. His great-grandfather Tao Kan was the great Sima of the Jin Dynasty. Tao Qian had very noble ambitions in his youth. He once wrote a self-narration in "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu". The article said:

I don't know where Mr. Wu is from, let alone his name. There are five trees next to his house. Willow tree, so he named himself after Mr. Wuliu. Mr. Wuliu was taciturn and did not envy wealth and wealth. He liked reading but never understood its meaning. Whenever he encountered something interesting, he would jump for joy and almost forget to eat.

Born to drink. But my family is poor and I cannot drink often. My relatives and friends know this and often serve wine to attract my husband. He drinks whenever he comes, gets drunk every time he drinks, and then comes back drunk. The house cannot block the wind or the sun. The husband wears a short coat and a straw belt. The pots and bowls are often empty, but he takes it indifferently and often writes articles to entertain himself.

Show your ambitions from time to time, forget about success and failure, and use these to spend the rest of your life. He introduced himself in the same way, and people at the time thought he was telling the truth. Yuanming was old and his family was poor, so he had no choice but to go out to work as a wine official in the state. However, he could not bear the chores and resigned within a few days. The state asked him to be the chief bookkeeper, but Tao Yuanming did not apply.

Instead, he personally cultivated the fields to obtain food and clothing. He went out to serve as a town army again despite his illness. Jianwei joined the army. He said to his relatives and friends: "I want to go out and work as a resource for making friends." , is that okay?" When the governor of the state heard this, he appointed him as Peng Zeling. In the fields allocated by the government, Yuanming asked his officials to plant rice, and his wife and children must ask him to plant rice.

So in two hectares, 50 acres were planted with rice and 50 acres with rice. The county sent a police inspector to the county for inspection. The old officials in the county said that they should dress up to meet each other. Tao Qian sighed and said, "I can't bend my waist and kowtow to the villagers just because of five measures of rice." He resigned that day and wrote the poem "Going Back" "Lai Xi Ci", Ci Zhang said:

"Go back, the countryside is deserted. Why not go back? Since you feel that your soul is driven by the body, why regret and lament alone. The good news is that you understand the past years It cannot be repaired, but the future can still be saved. It is indeed lost, but it is not too far away. I just feel that today is right and yesterday was wrong.

The boat moves forward slowly, and the wind gently blows the corners of the clothes. , asked the farmer about the journey ahead, hating that the light of dawn was too weak, "Suddenly I saw my former residence, and ran happily. The servants greeted me at the door, and my youngest son greeted me at the door. The path in the courtyard was covered with weeds, and the door was full of wild grass. The green pines and autumn chrysanthemums inside are still there. I took my youngest son into the house and saw a jug full of wine. I picked up the wine glass and poured myself a drink.

I looked out to enjoy the garden, leaning against the south window and feeling proud, trying to see if the bedroom could be comfortable. I walked around the garden every day, which was full of interest. Although the gate was there, I always closed it, holding on to my cane from time to time, wandering around, looking up from time to time and wandering into the sky. The clouds rolled gracefully over the top of the mountain. The birds returned to their nests after flying tiredly. The shadow of the sun kept moving to the west. I caressed it. Cangsong couldn't bear to leave.

"Go back and let me cut off contact with outsiders. Since the secular world cannot get along with me, what should I go out to seek? I like the chatter of my relatives and immerse myself in Qin Shu to eliminate my sorrow. The farmers told me Spring plowing is here, and we will go to work in the fields in the west.

Sometimes we drive a simple ox cart, sometimes we drive a small boat, exploring secluded areas, exploring ravines, or trekking over rugged cliffs. Swimming slowly through the hills, the trees are growing prosperously, the streams are flowing, and I am one with everything, sighing that my life may end quickly.

“Forget it! How long does it take to be a parasite between heaven and earth? Why not just do whatever you want instead of worrying about this and that. Wealth is not my dream. Emperors, dignitaries and courts do not need hope. Seize the good time and enjoy the beautiful scenery, or pick up the plow and plow the land. Climb the east hill and whistle in the wind, and sing loudly while overlooking the clear river.

For now, be one with heaven and earth and obey the destiny. There is no doubt. "In the last years of Yixi, Tao Qian was appointed Zuo Lang, but he did not accept the appointment. Wang Hong, the governor of Jiangzhou, wanted to know him, but could not summon him. Tao Qian once went to Lushan, and Wang Hong called Yuanming's old friend Pang Tong to lead him. Waiting for him halfway with wine, Tao Qian had a foot problem, so he asked one of his disciples and two sons to carry the bed cart.

After meeting him, he and Pang Tongzhi started drinking. Soon Wang Hong arrived. , Tao Yuanming also invited him to drink together and get along happily.

Yan Yanzhi used to be Liu Liu's rear army meritorious officer. He had a good friendship with Tao Qian when he was in Xunyang. Later he became the prefect of Shi'an County. After passing Xunyang, he came to see Yuanming every day and got drunk every time. When he left, He left 20,000 yuan for Yuanming, and Tao Qian gave it all to the wine seller.

Then come and get some wine and drink. Once, on September 9th, there was no wine, so I went to the house and sat among the chrysanthemums for a long time. Wang Hong happened to bring wine, so I started drinking immediately, and then went back when I was drunk. Tao Yuanming didn't know music, but he prepared an ordinary harp without strings. Whenever he felt like drinking, he would play the harp and sing to express his feelings. Anyone who visited him, no matter how high or low, would bring out wine if they had any. Tao Qian If you get drunk first.

He told the guest: "I'm drunk and want to sleep, you can leave." He was so sincere and frank. The prefect of Xunyang County was waiting for Tao Qian to go drink. When the wine was hot, Tao Qian took off the Ge scarf from his head to put the wine in, and put it on again when he came back.

Tao Qian was not an official for a long time and resigned easily. He thought that his great-grandfather Tao Kan was the prime minister of the Jin Dynasty, and he was ashamed to serve in the Song Dynasty. Since Liu Yu's royal career gradually prospered, he was no longer willing to do so. When he became an official, the articles he wrote were all titled with the year and month. Before Yixi, he wrote the year of the Jin Dynasty. From the beginning of Yongchu, it was just the year of Jiazi.

He wrote letters to his sons to express his views and admonish them. The letter said: "Heaven and earth produced people, and there was death after birth. There are no exceptions for the saints and sages from ancient times. Son Xia said well: 'Death and life are destined, and wealth is entirely determined by God's will. '

Confucius disciples personally accepted Confucius's warning. If you say this, isn't it that Qingtong cannot control it at will? Longevity and premature death are never something that humans can control. I am over fifty years old, but I am tortured by poverty and hardship. Because my family is poor, I travel around a lot. I have a strong personality but poor talents. I often don’t get along with others. I have to take care of myself. Thoughts are bound to be attacked by the world.

So you quietly left the officialdom, but you suffered from hunger and cold when you were young. You often lamented the words of Yan Ruzhong's good wife, and you didn't worry about your clothes, let alone your son. They. This is also one of the things that I regret that there are no liangzhongzi among my neighbors, and there is no wife like Lao Laizi who is content with poverty. I am very sorry for having such painstaking efforts.

" I have loved reading since I was a teenager. Occasionally, when I have nothing to do, I will open a book and get happiness from it, often forgetting to eat. As soon as I saw the sparse shadows of the trees and the sound of birds chirping in the air, I jumped for joy. I once said that in May and June, I would enjoy the cool weather by the window in the north. When the cool breeze suddenly comes, I feel that I have become a happy citizen in the reign of Emperor Xi.

My thoughts are shallow and my knowledge is vulgar. As time goes by, my thoughts are helpless. "Since the onset of the disease, I have gradually weakened. My relatives and friends have not forgotten us and have always saved us with medicine. However, I think my life may not be very long. I only regret that you are young and have no one to help you at home. When will the hard work be spared?

Thinking of this, what can I say? Although you are not born from the same mother, but remembering that you are brothers in the world, Uncle Bao and Guan Zhong have no suspicion about each other's property. , returned to life, Wu Ju, cut thorns on the road and sat down to talk about old feelings. His talent was achieved through failure, and it was gained through failure. This is not the case for others, not to mention that you are all born from the same father.

Han Yuanchang, a native of Yingchuan, was a famous scholar in the late Han Dynasty. He died at the age of eighty, and his brothers still lived together until his death. Bin Zhichun, a native of Jibei, was a noble figure in the Jin Dynasty. There is no trace of resentment in the family. "The Book of Songs" says: "The mountains stand still, and the scenery stops." You should understand, what else can I say?" Tao Yuanming also wrote "Mate." "Poetry" to my sons. He died in the fourth year of Yuanjia (427) at the age of sixty-three.

Extended information:

Original text of "The Biography of Tao Qian"

Tao Qian, whose courtesy name is Yuanming, or Yunyuanming, whose courtesy name is Yuanliang, is also from Chaisang, Xunyang. , great ancestor Kan, the great Sima of the Jin Dynasty. Qian Shao had a high interest and tasted "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" to describe himself, saying:

I don't know who Mr. Wuliu is, and his surname is unknown. There is a Wuliu tree next to the house, so I thought it was called Yan. Be quiet and talk little, and don't seek glory and profit. If you like reading, you don't ask for a thorough explanation. Whenever you get an idea, you happily forget to eat. He is addicted to alcohol, and his family is poor and he cannot get it permanently. If you know this from an old friend, you may drink wine to attract him.

It’s easy to run out of drinks, and you will get drunk in the future. Once you are drunk, you will retreat. I have not hesitated to leave or stay. The ring is blocked, it is desolate, it does not block the wind and the sun, it is short and brown, and it is knotted. The basket and ladle are often empty, and they are like Yan. I am amusing myself by reading the articles, expressing my ambitions, forgetting the gains and losses, and end my life in this way.

This is the preface, and people at the time called it a true record. My hometown was poor, so I started to offer wine to the state. I couldn't bear the official position. After a few days, I relieved myself and returned home. The state calls the master's book, but it doesn't work. After working on his own farming, he became ill and resumed his duties as Zhenjun and Jianwei to join the army. He said to his relatives and friends, "Is it okay to talk about a string song and think of it as a resource for three paths?" When the deacon heard it, he thought it was Peng Zeling.

In public fields, officials were ordered to plant rice. The wife insisted on planting japonica, so she gave him two hectares and fifty acres to grow rice and fifty acres to grow japonica. The county sent the governor to arrive by mail, and the county official Bai Ying saw him with his belt tied. Qian sighed and said, "I can't bow down to the villagers for five measures of rice." He resigned from his post with his seal ribbon on that day. The lyrics of the poem "Gui Qu Lai" are as follows:

Come back and come back, the gardens and fields are deserted and no one has returned. Since he regards his heart as a servant, he is ridiculed, melancholy and sad. If you understand the past, you can't admonish it, but if you know what's coming, you can pursue it. In fact, the lost path is not far away. I feel that what is now is but yesterday was not. The boat is sailing far away, the wind is blowing and the clothes are blowing. I asked Zheng Husband about the way forward, and hated the dim light of the morning.

Looking at the house, I am happy and running. The servants welcome you, and the young children wait for the door. The three paths are deserted, but the pines and chrysanthemums still remain. Bringing children into the house, drinking wine will stop you. I drink from the cup and drink by myself, hoping that the court will make me happy. Leaning against the south window and feeling proud, it is easy to rest your knees when looking at your appearance. The garden becomes interesting because of the sun. Although the gate is set up, it is always closed. He helped the old man to care about his wife, and when he straightened his head and looked far away, the clouds came out of his head unintentionally, and the birds flew back when they were tired. The scenery is blurred and it is about to enter, caressing the lonely pine and lingering.

Come back and come back, please stay friends and never travel again, I will leave you with each other in this world, I will come back and say what I ask for. Speak affectionate words to relatives, play musical instruments and write books to relieve worries. The peasants told me that in the spring, something would happen in Xichou. Or a life-carrying carriage, or a flat boat. It is both graceful and graceful, leading to ravines, and also rugged, leading to hills. The trees are flourishing and the springs are beginning to trickle. When I get all the good things, I feel grateful for the rest of my life.

It’s almost over. How long will it take to live in the inner world? I can’t decide whether to stay or go. What else can I do? Wealth and honor are not my wish, and an imperial homeland cannot be expected. If you have a good time, you can go alone, or plant a stick and work hard. Climb Donggao to soothe the whistle, and compose poems near the clear stream. Talking about the multiplication and transformation to return to the end, Yuefu's destiny returns to ridicule and doubt.

At the end of Yixi, Zuo Lang was recruited, but he failed. Wang Hong, the governor of Jiangzhou, wanted to know him, but he couldn't. Qianchang went to Lushan Mountain, and Hong ordered Qian's old friend Pang Tongzhi to pack the wine utensils in half a mile of Lili and ask for them. There was a latent foot disease, which caused a disciple to give birth to two children with baskets and baskets. As soon as they arrived, they happily drank and drank. After a short while, they arrived, and there was no dissatisfaction. First, Yan Yanzhi, a meritorious military officer of Liu Liu's army, met Qian Qingqian in Xunyang.

Later is Shi'an County. Passing by, I dive every day, and I will drink to my heart's content every time I go there. Before leaving, leave 20,000 yuan with Qian. Qianxi will send it to the restaurant and pick up the wine later. There was no wine on September 9th. I left the house and sat among the chrysanthemums for a long time. On the occasion of Hong's delivery of wine, I just drank and came back drunk. Qian can't understand the sound, but the animal plays a harp without strings. Every time he drinks wine, he often touches it to convey his meaning.

Those who are created by nobles and humble people often drink wine. If they are drunk first, they will say to guests: "I am drunk and want to sleep, please go." This is true and straightforward. The county general waits for the wine to be cooked, takes a kudzu towel on his head to soak the wine, and then puts it back on again.

Being weak and young and having a weak official position is a sign of uncleanness. Since his great-grandfather was the prime minister and assistant minister of the Jin Dynasty, he had to submit to his descendants in shame. Since his great-grandfather's royal career gradually grew, he no longer wanted to serve. All the articles written are titled with their year and month. Before Yixi, the reign name of the Jin family was written; since Yongchu, it is just Jiazi. He wrote to Zi to express his aspirations and give instructions:

Heaven and earth have given a destiny, and what goes before must eventually come to an end. Since ancient times, the sages and sages have never been exempted from it. Zi Xia said: "Death and life have destiny, wealth and honor are in heaven." Those who are four friends, who personally receive the message and talk about it, are not poor and cannot ask for anything, and they will never ask for anything outside the world to live long. I am over fifty years old, but I am very poor, my family is poor, and I am traveling from east to west.

If you have a clumsy nature, you are often dissatisfied with things, and you think about yourself, you will suffer from worldly problems. You will die in this world, making you hungry and cold when you are young. I often appreciate the words of Ruzhong and his virtuous wife. How can I be ashamed of my son when I lose my support? This is the same thing. But I hate my neighbor's extramarital affairs, my wife has no wife, I have worked so hard for my husband, and my kindness has been neglected.

When a young man comes to read a book, he likes to be quiet. When he reads a book, he happily forgets to eat. When you see the shade of trees and the birds changing their voices, you feel happy again. He once said that he was lying under the north window in May or June, and when the cool breeze came for a while, he claimed to be Emperor Xi. The sun and the moon pass by with a shallow consciousness, and I look back on the past. Since the illness, it has gradually declined, but I have never left behind my old friends. Every time I use medicine and stone to save me, I am afraid that my fortune will be limited.

I hate that you are young, poor and have no labor, and when will the labor of firewood and water be spared? I think about it in my heart, what can I say. Although we are not born in the same place, we should think about the meaning of being brothers everywhere. Uncle Bao and Jingzhong had no guesses about how to divide their wealth; Guisheng and Wuju were old in Banjing's way, so they were able to turn defeat into success and make meritorious deeds due to loss. Others are worthy of you, let alone your father! Han Yuanchang of Yingchuan, a famous scholar in the late Han Dynasty, was in the position of a minister. He died in his eighties. He lived together as brothers and had no teeth.

Jibei was full of youth, and people in the Jin Dynasty were well behaved. They had the same wealth for seven generations, and their families had no complaints.

"Poetry" says: "The mountains stand tall and the scenery stops." You must be careful! What can I say? Qian Yuanjia died in the fourth year of his reign at the age of sixty-three.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Tao Qian Biography