In The Man in the Condom, Chekhov created a "law-abiding citizen" who was withdrawn, timid and afraid of change. He wanted to become a pure existing system, Rykov. Is Rykov's world outlook afraid of problems and changes, but what he did objectively helped the czar's autocracy? He ruled everyone, not by violence or other means, but by suppressing everyone mentally and making everyone "unable to vent." It can be said that the autocratic system poisoned his mind and soul, making him afraid of all changes and stubborn. He was a defender of the czar's autocratic system, but he was also a victim.
Paler, a French thinker, said, "Man is just a reed, the most fragile thing in the universe. But man is a thinking reed. " Man's life is fragile and everything in the universe can kill him. However, the reason why man becomes the master of all things is precisely because he has a thinking soul and is noble because of his thoughts. However, when people's hearts are locked in cages and lose the freedom to fly, are people still "people"? There is no essential difference between Bie Rykov in the novel and his middle school colleagues and the residents of the whole city who constantly laugh at and tease him. It is their fear and tolerance that make them afraid of everything. They dare not speak loudly, write letters, make friends, read books, give alms to the poor and teach people to read and write. Here, we may have noticed that Rykov is actually just a vague person. Chekhov described his clothes and articles in detail, such as his overshoes. However, Rykov has no facial description, which is by no means ignored by the master, but should be original. In this paper, only his "pale face" appeared several times. Bi Rykov, with a pale face, a pale life and a pale personality, is not alone. This image of vitriolic, nervous, extremely nervous and alert is not "this one" but "Ah Q dragging a thin braid" written by Lu Xun. It is these other Rykov that turn the town into "desperate stagnant water, which can't be blown by the breeze". ".
The appearance of Valenka set off waves in this desperate backwater. Ukraine is in the south of Russia, where the climate is pleasant and the sun is shining. The people there are also influenced by that geographical environment, generous, happy and lively, which is very obvious in Valenka. The novel describes her like this: she is as lively as candied fruit, always singing lyric songs of little Russia and laughing loudly; She emerged from the waves like the goddess of love and beauty in Greek mythology; Little Russian women can only cry or laugh, and they are not in the mood to stop crying or laughing ... There is no doubt that this girl who dares to sing loudly and laugh without restraint is the real outsider in this small town, and the so-called love between Rykov and Valenka is also the only attempt to break the condom in Rykov's life, which should also be the climax of his life. Of course, the purpose of those who try their best to fix the two of them is obviously not to save Bie Rykov from the condom and let him learn to be a man, but to be a bystander and get some appreciation pleasure in this doomed love. Just like those boring idlers in Luzhen appreciate Xianglinsao's sorrow and get satisfaction from it. It is because of this dark background that there is no bright color in Don Rykov's love. Love is beautiful, but in Bie Rykov, all he sees from love is mocking eyes. Therefore, a cartoon should be just a kind joke, an interesting tidbit and a humorous episode for a person who is addicted to love. But for Don Rykov, who has been squeezed by life, a small piece of paper is enough to make him uneasy. In the eyes of those people in the town, he seems to be a ruler. In fact, as a nobody in the sandwich class, he is just a clown who was mistakenly pushed to the front desk. This clown makes the audience look like the protagonist because of the white tip of his nose. The clown who was pushed into the spotlight was caught off guard, but the audience did not feel sad. There is no stage or stage here, and every audience can be that role. Everyone in the audience thought they were awake, but completely forgot that when they laughed at clowns and whistled and threw garbage, they also had that ridiculous mark on their noses. Here, only the pinch of white is the most eye-catching. Here, all the faces are blurred. But the real protagonist hides behind the scenes and looks at the play he directed with a sinister smile.
Is it sad for Rykov that he tried to hide himself with a condom, but he didn't expect that his hiding would expose him to everyone? When he has been alienated, this condom seems to be a pinch of white, which makes him an alien in the eyes of others, squeezed by people around him, and finally goes to the grave-a forever condom.
Did Rykov walk home in the laughter of Hualien Card and embark on the road of no return in life? In fact, Hualien Card's smile is not hostile at all, just like a child can't help laughing when he sees an interesting thing. In Bie Rykov's view, the long-awaited comedy climax finally appeared. Soon, the embarrassing scene of him rolling down the stairs will be completely exposed to people's eyes and drowned in endless ridicule. This is exactly what Don Rykov wants to escape. He really has no way out now. In Kafka's Metamorphosis, Gregor, alienated as a member of The Beatles, still remembers everything in the world with warmth at the last moment of his life. He knew that his death was a relief for himself and his family, and he still had endless attachment to his abandoned relatives, but the end of the world in Rykov was full of fear and despair. What we have seen before is that Bie Rykov, as a loyal lackey of the tsar, clamped down the thoughts of people around him, but ignored the hostility and cynicism of these people around him towards Bie Rykov, which also led to Bie Rykov's death, just like those short-sleeved gangs in Lu Xun's Kong Yiji laughed at Kong Yiji again and again, and finally pushed him to the tragic situation of death. Chekhov has a large number of short stories and plays that all show the same theme: the historical roots and psychology of servility and servility. He realized that money, official position, authority and power are only external causes of slavery, and the real tool of slavery is fear. Fear makes the man in the condom live a life that is neither human nor ghost, and fear makes his colleagues dare not speak out. The root of fear is the servility and indifference that pervades human bones. In the last few years of his life, Chekhov wrote in his diary: "There is no place in the world where people are suppressed by authority like we are in Russia. Russians have been degraded by slavery for generations and are afraid of freedom ... We have been tortured by slavery and hypocrisy. " The result of fear and fear is that people try their best to protect themselves and put themselves in a condom that they think is safe. Just like don't Rykov conformism, conformism, trying to "don't make any trouble".
Is Rykov's final destination the grave? This should be an eternal "condom" for him. Here he can escape everything he hates and fears in the world, and also let those who hate him and think that he dominates their happiness temporarily relax. In fact, when they finally got rid of the imprisonment of illusory joy, another Rykov among them had been pushed to the front desk, and the drama began again.
Chekhov wrote in a letter to a friend: "We should write such a novel, showing how a young man, the son of a serf, a former vendor, a middle school student with a level education and a college student kissed the priest's hand, worshipped other people's thoughts, grew up bit by bit, got rid of his slave mark, and showed how he woke up in a bright morning and found that his blood was not slave's blood, but a real person.
I remembered a poem: "In an era without heroes, I just want to be a person." When more and more people are lost in the bizarre modern society, when more and more people feel the further distance in the divided smaller and smaller space, and sigh "You see me far away, and you see the clouds very close", we can truly appreciate the weight of Chekhov's sigh "But such people don't know how many" and feel his call for human love.