What are the teaching methods and basic processes of reading activities in kindergartens?

Another example is:

There are some good materials in the activity, which can be used as pre-experience preparation before the activity.

It can also be extended at a later stage.

The icing on the cake,

Instead of putting all my energy into one activity to form a large quantity,

More,

It is not easy for children to understand and master.

Situation.

, material use strategy:

) With "literary works" as the medium, emotions germinate.

With the help of literary works of social and educational significance,

And use this as a medium,

Establishing social teaching activities and children's emotional interaction

Moving channel,

Open a vast literary and emotional world for children,

Arouse the child's * * *

Be conducive to bringing the essence into play

The role of wood. Such as: "I will line up" and "I am Tyrannosaurus Rex" social activities.

Is to use literary works as a medium to let young children

After the experience,

Germinate some ideas of my own,

So as to adjust one's behavior in practice,

Gradually improve sociality

behavioral

) Take "game experience" as a bridge to lead to thinking and research.

Unlike stories and dialogues, children can experience success and failure from games.

So as to think about the relationship between behavior and reconciliation.

For example:

In order to enhance children's awareness of cooperation and sharing,

pass by

"Baby eggs to play.

Play "

For this bridge,

Let children think and explore how to quickly pull eggs out of the jar.

Rich experience,

From this

However, we actively establish the experience of rotation, sharing and cooperation. Another example is the "signpost on the road" activity, in order to improve penetration.

Through the rules of middle school students and their awareness of safety and self-protection,

Let's start with the signs on the road.

Surround tightly

"signs on the road"

Screen out several traffic lights and no-go signs that children can easily grasp, and use "little mice to visit the park"

In order to help this little mouse,

Guide children to understand the meaning of signs.

three

) Take "life experience" as the channel to urge emotional expression.

use

"Life experience"

This kind of material,

It can be

"Situational performance"

It can also be

"scene reproduction"

It can also be

"hot

Point discussion "or" classic topic ". For example:

2008

In this way, the Olympic Games put children's emotional expression into real life.

As the basic foundation of social activities,

Capture every contemporary content,

Close to social work

The distance between sports and real life,

Integrate vivid events that happen around children into social activities.

Dynamic materials and content,

Seize the bits and pieces of daily life,

Clever use of holiday resources,

Make rational use of community resources,

Let the children in.

Experience in activities and express emotions in practice. Can be said to be a convenient and effective shortcut.

four

) strengthen empathy with "inquiry operation" as the carrier.

cite

"Query operation"

As a carrier material,

Emphasize giving children the opportunity to participate in inquiry independently,

Show wisdom to discovery

Space,

Let the children experience it personally in the inquiry operation.

Empathy,

Solve practical problems in life and reality,

Pay attention to young people

Children's sustainable social harmonious development.

At this time, the use of materials focuses on whether children actively participate in activities.

Give full play to initiative and innovation.

Creativity, independence or cooperation with peers are important criteria to measure the success of activities.

five

) Take "social practice" as an intermediary to stimulate emotional communication.

For the practical needs of children's development,

Clever use of holiday resources,

Make rational use of community resources,

Use social practice

"Visit survey", "exchange visit" and other aggregate social resources as the material, and at the same time give full consideration to classes, kindergartens,

Coverage of family parent-child activities, etc.

Combined with the social activities in kindergarten,

It's good for teachers,

Young,

Love between parents

Sense of * * * communication and * * integration, realize the positive effect of social activities. For example, in the "I will make friends" activity, the teacher intends to help the class.

Children create opportunities to make new friends,

And through natural acquaintance → try to know and remember new partners in some simple ways.

Method → children's playing method,

Learn to verify whether the dating strategy is effective → consolidate the communication strategy.

This natural experience and social creation

An ecological field that can be practiced,

Let children and social education go to life,

Towards dialogue,

Go to the activity experience,

With deep-rooted

Communicate with people, social feelings.

(3) Summarized the guiding strategies of topic presentation in social teaching activities.

Theme exhibition stage

It is the initial link for teachers to guide children into social teaching activities.

The main role of this stage

Yousan

：

One is to stimulate children's strong interest and curiosity in what they want to learn, thus inducing autonomy in learning.

Sex and initiative;

The second is to attract children's attention.

Transfer the child's excitement center to activities;

The third is to clarify the learning responsibility.

Service and purpose,

Activate children's thinking.

Combined with the practice and research results of the members of the research group in recent two years,

We let kindergarten teachers join the club.

Several guidance strategies with high frequency of use and outstanding teaching effect are summarized as follows:

, suspense type

The biggest feature of suspense topic is that it is unexpected for children, or it shows contradictions or surprises children.

In confusion,

Arouse children's psychological desire and excitement.

Such as small class activities:

I want to protect myself,

Teachers use video and sound.

Effect,

Suspense

：

"Why is the rabbit hurt?

The questions set here are like telling a child.

"Mystery?

Face "

If children want to find a way to solve the mystery, they must think positively and participate in activities. Using this strategy requires teachers to pay attention to suspense.

The setting should start from the "nearest development area" of children and be appropriate.

：

If you don't hang up, it is difficult to arouse children's interest in inquiry; It's too hanging,

The children are confused,

It will also reduce the enthusiasm of activities.

I just don't understand,

Thinking and solving can interest children,

Exciting,

Get a fascinating effect.

At the same time, teachers need to consider whether the materials or things that cause suspense are close to children's reality.

Taking the key points of teaching content as the breakthrough point can mobilize children's active activities, reveal problems and clarify teaching ideas.

, tile

Theme presentation means that at the beginning of the activity,

Teachers with instructions,

Ask,

Suggestions and other forms point directly to the topic.

that

The purpose is to explain the purpose of the activity,

Learning content or tasks,

Quickly guide children's attention and thinking, focusing on the teaching content.

From China. Ceramic tile language is a direct narrative language, and the language used is relatively plain and concise. Such as Daban: interesting ten

In the two zodiac signs,

"Do you know what zodiac you are?"

"What is your animal sign? Please imitate this animal sign.

The action or sound of. "and so on. The introduction method adopted by teachers comes straight to the point and directly points out the purpose or task of the activity.

Generally speaking,

When the teacher's activities are not closely related to what he has learned recently,

Or novice teachers don't understand children's knowledge.

Knowledge, ability level and hobbies are often taught in this way.

three

Memory style

The key to using recall language is to find the connection point between old and new knowledge.

Establish old and new knowledge,

The connection between experiences

Department.

Specifically,

The determination of the connection point is based on careful analysis of the teaching content and children's understanding.

Aim not?

The memory characteristics of children of the same age should be adopted by appropriate methods.

Like,

The memory level of small class children is lower than that of large class children.

Therefore, the content that children are required to recall is usually the content with photos, physical tips or close intervals and easy to recall;

To the big class,

With the improvement of children's knowledge and understanding of memory,

What needs to be recalled can be relatively abstract,

but

Or combine the content or experience that needs to be recalled with some attitudes formed by children in daily life.

Or contain it.

In the experience background of practical significance to children's life.

Because if children think that past practical activities are more important to them,

It is of great significance, and combined with learning activities, it can arouse children's interest in activities.

four

, story style

This strategy means that during the import phase,

The teacher began by telling a story.

With the story as the introduction,

In telling stories

In this process, the theme of current teaching activities is introduced.

The most important thing for story-based theme display is that teachers should tell stories.

Cultivate young children

While forming a vivid picture or plot in your mind,

Arouse children's attention to the observation object or teaching content.

mirror

Here,

The story told by the teacher in the lead,

Should be closely related to the teaching content,

Become an integral part of the teaching process.

Points;

Teachers' questioning should be different from language teaching.

Without pursuing the details of the story,

The questions asked should highlight the central idea of this lesson.

That is, the completion of the goal.

five

, role type

Role-based topic introduction refers to the introduction of teachers as imaginary roles.

Mainly for imagination.

The role of stimulating children's interest in learning,

Get the child's attention,

Focus children's attention and thinking on teaching content and activities.

Teachers use role-based language to talk to children.

Can let children enter the vast fantasy world,

Increase the interest of the activity

Taste and vitality.

The biggest feature of role introduction is that teachers are also equal participants.

Talk to children in role-based language,

Will only enrich teaching activities,

Interesting,

It will also make children feel kind and equal.

Use this policy to design import links.

Attention should be paid to grasping the existing experience of children, and it is forbidden to go beyond the scope of children's experience and reveal the traces of "director". For example, a large class

In "Today is My Master", the teacher plays the role of a tour guide, and the children form a small family, playing the roles of parents and children, making the whole.

The classroom is full of situations.

six

Situation type

The focus of using situational topics is through intuitive scene layout and concise language description.

Create a child

Interested in specific situations, abstract content, rules, etc. They are all visual, concrete and operable, so as to take care of children quickly.

Turn it into a specific teaching situation.

For example, small classes:

Tourist activities are set in combination with several different situations.

Write down the specific requirements

In that description of the situation,

Put forward the goals and requirements of children's activities,

Guide children to perceive step by step,

Experience the requirements of being a guest,

Unconsciously mastered the rules of being a guest.

Generally speaking,

After this introduction,

The whole activity exists in the situation created by the teacher.

So,

Teacher application

This strategy should pay attention to let children observe, perceive, operate and experience in the scene; The situation created must also end.

According to the purpose of the activity,

Starting from the teaching content,

Clever idea,

Also strive for novelty in form,

Novel stimuli are more likely to cause children.

Pay attention to arouse children's curiosity.

(4) Exploring the teaching guidance strategy of behavior practice.

classroom

"behavior practice"

Although not as frequent and convenient as daily behavior exercises,

But it can be created through the classroom.

The new stimulation of the environment and the guidance of the teacher left a deep impression on the children.

At the same time, it effectively avoids the single theory in social teaching.

Teaching.

Strategy 1: Choose the appropriate behavior practice mode according to the teaching content and age characteristics.

Learning guidance practice runs through the whole process of teaching activities.

We use this form more often in junior classes.

because

The age characteristics of small class children determine the gamification of our activity design.

Behavioral characteristics.

Of course, whether to adopt this method depends on it.

It depends on the specific teaching content. For example, in the activity of "I am the master today" in the big class, three children play father, mother and baby respectively.

Form a small family and take a day trip.

Jinyuan is spent on planning, on parks, and so on. And the children really

When I went home in teaching, I realized the responsibility as a "parent" and the difficulty as a master. At the same time, they can save money and live better.

Richard spent some time thinking. The whole teaching activity makes children learn and play in real situations, which is very enjoyable.

Conduct behavior practice activities in the last link of teaching activities

, refers to children's social cognition, skills,

And emotion, in this link, uses its own practical actions to feel and practice, so as to get perceptual understanding and strengthening.

Strategy 2: Emphasize the interest, suitability and challenge of behavior practice.

Interestingly:

Interest in social practice plays a special role.

Many times we have to give our children social cognition.

(than

For example, establishing rules is a lack of interest in itself. For example, when we were teaching rules, we designed monkeys to cross the river.

Give an example of a teaching content to guide small class children to learn to queue.

Waiting in line is not fun,

But in children's daily life, there are some

Almost every day is an important content of rule education for small class children after entering the park. In the behavioral practice of teaching,

By designing an interesting activity "Go to the box to get a gift", children in small classes can be motivated to learn and actively experience queuing.

I also pay attention to feelings.

"queuing"

The benefits and convenience brought by this rule,

Consolidate rights

"queuing"

A good understanding of this rule.

Applicability:

It means that the content of behavior practice activities should be supplemented with the content of teaching activities in the first half of the classroom.

Let the children not only

Can understand the teaching content,

It can also further perceptual cognitive truth.

For example,

The middle class we designed learned the rules of riding.

writing

Small passenger "

Teaching activities,

Through stories in the first half of the class,

Talking about the methods and significance of being a civilized passenger,

most

After that, we designed two behavioral practice contents:

First of all,

Let children tell right from wrong by filling in cards.

The child will contact immediately.

It is to make a value judgment with previous cognition. "Is this civilized or uncivilized?"

. Second, we embarrass the children.

Move some small chairs,

Wrap it with a packing rope,

The children began to play car games.

There are children cuddling and playing in the middle.

Children, some play old people. The game helps children to make the newly learned riding rules more emotional and profound through operation.

Challenging:

It means that behavioral practice activities not only help children understand the educational content,

It also makes children bold and flexible.

have

An attempt to create,

In order to better understand and apply.

If we are designing a large class.

"color advertisement"

Teaching activities of

When,

Behavior practice is to let children design areas for the class.

Performing advertisements,

At this time, children should use previous advertisements.

Understand and imitate,

Creative advertising design and performance,

Such behavior practice not only stimulates children's creative desire, but also

And deepen children's understanding of "advertising".

Strategy 3: Make clear the purpose of behavior practice and skillfully use games, role-playing, operation and interaction.

In behavioral practice,

We often use games,

Role playing,

Operational activities,

Interactive activities and other forms of activities,

Various forms of activities can better reflect the application effect of behavioral practice activities. However, these forms of activities are not always used.

Yes,

Instead, we should fully consider how the goal of social teaching is reflected and become the focus of the activity.

For example, in a large class

Let's make friends.

In the activities of friends, we take the sports game "stepping on the newspaper" as the last practical activity, so that good friends can find ways to land on all fours.

It's getting harder and harder not to leave the newspaper. In order to win the game for yourself and your friends,

Some children hugged each other,

Some let each other's feet step on their own feet, and these body hugs,

The coordination of actions is

Let children further experience the intimacy and cooperation of friends.

Strategy 4: Stimulate children's feelings about actual behavior and avoid simple mechanical imitation.

In teaching, we found that,

Children can quickly accept and retell the social cognitive content (truth), but they are often good at it.

For practice,

Words and deeds are inconsistent,

Even talk without action.

This requires us to pay attention to children's behavior in practice.

In order to generate emotion,

Instead of blindly imitating.

Teachers should learn to be observers and guides.

When children make mistakes in exercises.

It's too late, don't rush in, let the children reflect in time through live records in the form of videos and photos.

Seven. Reflection on the research of the subject

Project research has promoted teachers' professional development.

Closely combine the topic research with the teaching and research activities,

Give play to the guiding role of core team members,

Improve the teaching level of young teachers

Ability.

In this study,

We have always established the idea that:

The research of this subject must be based on the reality of children's development,

one

We must provide effective help for teachers' teaching;

Considering the development of the garden nature of each garden,

We should also consider the needs of the masses,

because

In the selection and teaching of subjects, we do not deliberately pursue the novelty and form of subjects, but pay more attention to old subjects and new methods.

The simplicity of operation, we think this is a topic that front-line teachers need more.

As the members of the city's social organizations come from kindergartens in all major systems in the city,

Teachers have different levels,

The experience of new and old members also

Different,

In order to train more new players,

Improve their abilities,

We adopt the mentor model,

Every teacher

In class, we arrange a core team member to give guidance, from the selection of teaching materials, process organization, trial teaching and evaluation. , not only

Played a key role,

Let the teachers in class benefit a lot,

But also improve the quality of classroom teaching.

Many teachers were in the group when they first joined.

Really afraid of taking a sociology class,

I still find sociology very interesting.

Some teachers have also become social teaching and research groups in their districts and counties.

Leader. In recent years, members of the social group * * * have obtained more than 40 social papers and published them.

Individual courses in multiple social fields

The establishment and termination of the project. After several years of research, although the team members are constantly updated, the research atmosphere in the group is rich, and no one has it.

Not only become partners in teaching and scientific research, but also become friends in life.

Project research promotes the development of children's sociality.

In recent years, we have practiced a lot of social teaching topics, and the updating of teaching methods and the change of teaching strategies have also made children

The child has developed,

They actively interact with the environment in class,

Using the learned communication strategies in practice,

As a thank you

Feel the richness of China culture.

Eight. Future ideas

Consolidate and improve research results and promote research.

The effective experience in research is for front-line children.

Teacher service.

Expand the scope of research and play a role.

The Development of Children's Social Behavior in Games

Observation and research.