Ming History Biography of Wang Shouren Zhang Tingyu Wang Shouren, courtesy name Bo'an, was born in Yuyao. Fu Hua, whose courtesy name was Dehui, was the first Jinshi in the 17th year of Chenghua's reign and was awarded the title of Compilation and Compilation. During the Hongzhi period, there were many officials, bachelors, and Shao Zhan. Hua Youqidu has been teaching for the longest time, and Xiaozong is very fond of him. Li Guanggui was lucky enough to talk about the meaning of the university in Hua. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Fuguo and Zhang Hou used internal and external things to criticize Chen Shiqie. The emperor ordered the officials to give him food and work. At the beginning of Zhengde, he became the left minister of the Ministry of Rites. Because Shou Ren disobeyed Liu Jin, he became the Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs in Nanjing and stopped doing business. Due to a small mistake in the ceremony, he was demoted to the right servant. When Jin was defeated, he returned to his old ways. He died without any hesitation. Hua was filial by nature, and his mother Cen died at the age of over 100 years old. Hua was over seventy years old, and he still slept in thatch and ate vegetables, and there were many scholars talking about him. Shouren was born in the fourteenth month of pregnancy. My grandmother dreamed that a god was sending her son off from the clouds, so she was named Yun. He couldn't speak at the age of five, so he was picked up by a stranger and renamed Shouren. On the fifteenth day of the year, I visited Juyong and Shanhaiguan. When I left the fortress at the end of the day, I had a panoramic view of the mountains and rivers. If you are weak and take the provincial examination, you will make great progress in learning. Gu Yi is a good talker and good at shooting. In the twelfth year of Deng Hongzhi's reign, he became a Jinshi. Before the envoy was appointed, King Wei Ningbo was buried in Yue County, and he returned to the northwest to discuss the matter. Xun was awarded the title of head of the Ministry of Punishment. He was imprisoned in Jiangbei and returned home due to illness. He became the head of the Ministry of War. In the winter of the first year of Zhengde, Liu Jin arrested more than 20 people including Dai Xian, the censor in Nanjing. Shouren resisted Zhang's rescue, but Jin was angry. With the imperial staff of forty, he was relegated to Longchang Yicheng in Guizhou. Longchang Wanshan has a poor business, and Miao and Liao people live together. Because Shouren became a Taoist, the barbarians liked him and led him to cut down trees and build houses to house Shouren. Jin punished him and moved him to the county magistrate of Luling. After entering the imperial court, he moved to Nanjing to be the head of the Ministry of Justice. Yang Yiqing, the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel, changed the title and approved it. He moved to the imperial examination doctor many times, was promoted to Nanjing Taipu Shaoqing, and then moved to Hongluqing. Wang Qiongsuqi, Minister of the Ministry of War, protects benevolent talents. In August of the 11th year, he was promoted to the censor of Youqiandu and made governor of southern and Jiangxi provinces. At that time, thieves appeared in Nanzhong. Xie Zhishan occupied Hengshui, Zuoxi, and Tonggang, and Chi Zhongrong occupied Huantou. They both claimed the title of king. Together with Dayu Chen Yueneng, Lechang Gao Kuaima, Chenzhou Gong Fuquan and others, they attacked Jifu County. And the Fujian Damao Mountain bandit Zhan Shifu and others appeared again. Vincento, the former governor, scurried away. The bandits from Helechang in Zhishan plundered Dayu and attacked Nankang and Ganzhou. Wu Ding, the chief administrator of Ganxian County, died in the battle. When Shouren arrived, he knew that there were many thieves on the left and right, so he called the old shrewd officials to question them. The official was trembling and dared not hide. Because of his crime, he ordered the thief to be attacked, and he knew all about the thief's movements. So he called on Fujian and Guangdong to join forces and attack the Tai Mao Mountain bandits first. In the first month of next year, the deputy governor Yang Zhang and others broke into Changfu Village and forced them into Xianghu Mountain. They commanded Qin Huan and the county prime minister Ji Yong to die in battle. Shouren personally led his troops to station in Shanghang. Pretending to retreat, he unexpectedly attacked them. He destroyed more than forty villages in a row, captured and killed 7,000 Youqi, and commanded Wang Kai and others to capture Shifu. The power of sparing words is light, and it is impossible to command the soldiers. Please give me a flag and supervise military affairs, so that I can do it easily. Shangshu Wang Qiongzou followed him. Nai Geng's military system: twenty-five people in a team, each team has a small armor; the second team is a team, and the team has a general armor; the fourth team is a sentry, with a long sentry, and two assistant sentry assistants; the second sentry is a camp, and the battalion has an officer and a staff officer The second is the assistant; the third battalion is the formation, and the formation has side generals; the second formation is the army, and the army has deputy generals. They are all on the committee and do not give orders to the court; below the deputy general, they must be punished and punished by each other. In July of that year, he marched into Dayu. Zhishan took the opportunity to attack Nan'an in a hurry, but the prefect Ji Chu defeated him. Deputy envoy Yang Zhang and others also asked Jie to return home. Then we discussed discussing Hengshui and Zuoxi. In October, the capital commander Xu Qing, Ganzhou magistrate Xing Xun, and Ningdu magistrate Wang Tian and one army each met at Hengshui, and garrison Jia Wen, Tingzhou magistrate Tang Chun, and county magistrate Shufu each met at Zuoxi, and Ji'an magistrate Zhang Jian, the magistrate of Wuwending and Chengxiang counties, stopped him from running away. Shouren stationed himself in Nankang and went thirty miles to Hengshui. He sent 400 men in advance to ambush the bandits' nest and march towards them. The thieves fought, and the two mountains raised banners. The thieves were shocked and said that all the officers and soldiers had plowed their nest, so they collapsed. Taking advantage of the victory to overcome Hengshui, Zhishan and his party Xiao Guimo and others all walked to Tonggang. The left stream is also broken. Shouren used Tonggang to be dangerous and solid, moved the camp closer to the ground, and warned him of disaster and blessing. Lan Tingfeng, the leader of the thieves, and others were frightened, and were overjoyed to see the envoys. It was the first day of the new year in midwinter, but Xun and Wen Ding had already braved the rain to get in. The thieves blocked the water formation and Xun went straight forward to fight. Wen Ding and Jian came out from the right. The thieves fled in a hurry and were defeated again when they met Chun Bing. The armies broke through Tonggang, and Zhishan, Guimo and Tingfeng surrendered. There are four out of eighty who break the nest, and there is a surprise when six thousand are captured and killed. At that time, Qin Jin, the governor of Huguang, also defeated Fuquan. Thousands of his party suddenly arrived, and the generals captured and beheaded them. Chongyi County was established in Hengshui to control Zhuyao. Return to Ganzhou to discuss the fight against the Hutou thieves. At the beginning, Shouren's Ping Shifuye, Longchuan thieves Lu Ke, Zheng Zhigao and Chen Yingxian asked to surrender. When they conquered Hengshui, the Golden Nest of the Hutou bandits also descended with 500 people, but Du Zhongrong did not descend. When the water broke, Zhongrong sent his younger brother Zhongan to return, and he was strictly on guard for the war. Guiyan Ke, high ambition, and enemy will attack me, so be prepared. Shouren pretended to attack Ke and others with his stick, but Yin sent Ke's brother to gather troops and wait, so he ordered the troops to disperse. At the beginning of the year, there is a big display of lanterns and music, and Zhongrong is convinced and suspicious. Shou Ren gave him some gifts to induce him to thank him. Zhongrong led ninety-three people to camp in the teaching field, and he counted many people to pay attention. Shouren said: "If all my people are staying outside, do you doubt me?" They were introduced to Xiangfu Palace and fed well.

The thief is overjoyed and feels at ease. Shouren stayed with Zhongrong to watch the lantern music. On the third day of the first lunar month, during the great feast, soldiers in armor were placed at the door. Thieves came in and captured and killed them all. Arriving at the thieves' nest, he defeated the upper, middle and lower three in a row and killed two thousand people. The rest of the thieves ran to Jiulian Mountain. The mountain stretches for hundreds of miles and is so steep that it cannot be attacked. Naijian's seven hundred warriors, dressed in thieves' clothes, ran down the cliff and overthrew the thieves. The officers and soldiers attacked, attacking internally and externally, and captured and beheaded everyone. He established Heping County in Xiahan and set up a garrison before returning. It is the territory of Dading. At the beginning, the imperial court thought that the thieves were strong and sent troops from Guangdong and Huguang to jointly suppress them. Shouren was sparse and stopped, but it was not enough. After Tonggang was destroyed, Huguang soldiers began to arrive. As for Pinghuantou, Guangdong has not yet accepted the imperial edict. Shouren's generals were all civil servants and Pianpi primary schools. They had been fighting against the giant bandits for decades and were astonished from far and near. Enter the right deputy capital censor, and give hereditary royal guards to 100 households, and then enter the deputy 1,000 households. In June of the 14th year, he was ordered to survey the Fujian rebels. When they arrived at Fengcheng, King Ning Chenhao rebelled, and the county magistrate Gu Yi reported him. Shouren rushed to Ji'an in a hurry, and he and Wu Wen decided to recruit soldiers and food, fix the equipment and boats, and preach the crime of violent destruction of Chen Hao, so that each of the guards could lead the officials and soldiers to serve the king. Wang Maozhong, the censor of the capital, Zou Shouyi, the editor, Luo Xun and Luo Qinde, the deputy envoys, Zeng Zhi, the doctor, Zhang Aoshan and Zhou Lu, the censors, commented on Luo Qiao, Guo Xiangpeng, a fellow scholar, Guo Chiping, a Jinshi, and demoted Wang Si, Li Zhong, Xian went to Shouren Army. The imperial censors Xie Yuan and Wu Xiru returned from Guangdong, and Shouren stayed there to record his merits. Because the people gathered together and said: "If the thieves leave the Yangtze River and go eastward, the southern capital will not be protected. I want to use a plan to frustrate him, and there will be no trouble in a few days." So he sent more spies and told the county: "The governor promised Tai and Queyong led the border troops, and the governors Liu Hui and Gui Yong each led 40,000 troops from the capital. They advanced by land and water. Wang Shouren of Nangan, Qin Jin of Huguang, and Yang Dan of Liangguang each led their troops to attack Nanchang with 160,000 troops. If there is a shortage of ministers, it will be judged according to military law. "Li Shishi and Liu Yangzheng were also left behind in wax letters to describe their sincerity in returning to the country, and ordered them to send troops eastwards early in the morning and let the spies leak out. Chen Hao is suspicious. With the real scholars and the upright plans, they all persuaded him to rush to Nanjing and take the throne. Chen Haoyi was very suspicious. After more than ten days, Kou knew that Chinese and foreign troops were not coming, so he realized that he should be guarded by Renfing. On the first day of Renchen in the seventh month, King Gongqiao of Yichun was left to stay and guard, and he robbed 60,000 of his troops and attacked Jiujiang and Nankang, leaving Dajiang and destroying Anqing. Shouren was overjoyed when he heard that Nanchang had few soldiers and went to Zhangshu Town. The prefects of Linjiang, Dai Deru, Yuanzhou Xulian, and Ganzhou Xingxun all commanded Yu En, and the magistrates were Hu Yaoyuan and Tong Qi of Ruizhou, Fuzhou Zou Hu, and Anji Tanchu, and promoted officials Wang Wei and Xu Wenying, and the county magistrate Xingan Li Mei, Taihe, Li Ji, Wan'an Wang Mian, and Ningdu Wang Tianyu each came to meet with their troops, totaling 80,000 people, with the number 300,000. Maybe you can ask for help from Anqing, Shouren said: "No. Jiujiang and Nankang are now guarded by thieves. We are on the Yangtze River in Nanchang and Xiangzhi. After the soldiers of the two counties have defeated us, we will be attacked from the front and back. It is better to go straight to Nanchang. The thieves are all out. The defense is weak. Our army has new strength and will break through. When the enemy hears that Nanchang is defeated, they will fight back and be defeated. "The crowd said: "Good thing." As the vanguard, he sent Liu Shouxu, the magistrate of Xixin County, to attack his ambush. In the middle of the night in Yuxu, Wen Ding's troops arrived at Guangrun Gate, but the defenders dispersed in shock. At the dawn of Xinhai, all the soldiers climbed up the ladders, tied up the arches, etc., and many people in the palace were burned to death. The soldiers killed and looted quite a lot, and Shouren killed more than ten people who had violated the order. He pardoned the threats, comforted the people, and comforted the clan, which made people's hearts happy. After staying for two days, he sent Wen Ding, Xun, Lian, and De Ru to separate their elite troops and sent Yao Yuan and others to set up an ambush. Chen Haoguo returned from Anqing. Yi Mao met at Huangjiadu. Wen Ding is the vanguard, and thieves seek to gain. Xun circled around the thief's back and penetrated it. Wen Ding and En took advantage of it. Lian and Deru spread their wings to divide the thief's power. Yao Yuan and others were lying in wait. The thief was defeated and retreated to Ba Zi Nao. Chen Hao was afraid and sent all his troops from Nankang and Jiujiang. Shouren sent the prefects Chen Huai of Fuzhou and Lin Xuan of Raozhou to capture Jiujiang, while Zeng Yu and Guangxin of Jianchang were sent to Zhou Dynasty to capture Nankang. Bingchen resumed the battle, but the officers and soldiers retreated. Shouren killed those who retreated first. The armies fought to the death, and the thieves were severely defeated. They retreated to the firewood house, formed a square formation in boats, and rewarded the soldiers with all their gold and treasures. Tomorrow, Chenhao will go to court his ministers in the morning, and the officers and soldiers are about to arrive. He used a small boat to carry fuel, rode the wind and set fire to his auxiliary boat. All the concubines, including Lou, were thrown into the water and died. Chen Hao's boat was shallow and the boat escaped in a hurry. Wang Mian's troops pursued him. Shishi, Yangzheng, and Yang Zhang, the envoy who surrendered to the rebels and inspected them, were all captured. Nankang and Jiujiang also went down. On the thirty-fifth day, the thieves will be calm. When the capital heard about the change, all the ministers were frightened. Wang Qiong said loudly: "If Wang Bo lives in the upper reaches of Nanchang, he will definitely catch the thieves." So, the result was successful. During the emperor's reign, he went on a personal expedition, claiming to be a mighty general, and led tens of thousands of soldiers from the capital to the south. Anbian Bo Xu Tai was appointed as deputy general. Together with Zhang Zhong, the admiral and military eunuch, and Liu Hui, the commander-in-chief of the left army, they led thousands of Beijing troops up the river and arrived in Nanchang. Fortunately, all the lovers were in contact with Chen Hao, and Shouren first went to Chen Hao to write a letter of rebellion, because he said: "The person who covets is not the special King Ning. Please depose the traitor and flatter him to regain the hearts of heroes in the world." All the lovers hated him. If Chen Hao is level, then the relationship will be equal to that of Concubine. Moreover, he was afraid that Shouren would see the emperor denounce his crime and spread rumors, saying that Shouren had conspired with him first and that he had failed to solve the problem, so he raised an army. He also wanted to order him to stay in Chenhao Lake and wait for the emperor to capture him.

Shouren took advantage of Zhong and Tai before he arrived, so he captured Chenhao first and sent to Nanchang. Zhong and Tai used their mighty generals to appeal to the generals. Shouren refused to cooperate, and the road went to Yushan. He wrote a letter asking for prisoners to be sacrificed to stop the emperor's southern expedition. The emperor forbids it. When he went to Qiantang, he met the eunuch Zhang Yong. Yong Admiral praised the secret military affairs for being loyal and Taishi, so he was good to Yang Yiqing, except Liu Jin, and was known to the world. Shouren met Yong at night and praised his virtue, but he said that Jiangxi was in dire straits and could not bear the harassment of the six divisions. Yong Shenran said: "Yong is here to protect the holy bow, not to ask for merit. I will always know about the great honor of the public, but it cannot be done directly." Shouren paid Yong with Chen Hao, and went to the entrance of Jing to go to court. OK. After hearing the order of the governor of Jiangxi, he returned to Nanchang. Zhong and Tai have arrived first, and they hate to lose Chen Hao. Therefore, he allowed the Beijing army to offend Shouren, or call him names and abuse him. If Shou Ren does not move, the care will become thicker. If you are sick and given medicine, if you die in a coffin, if you are mourned on the road, you must stop and pay condolences for a long time before leaving. The Beijing army said that Wang Dutang loves me and will never offend me again. Zhong and Tai said: "Ning Mansion is the richest and most prosperous in the world. Where is the treasure now?" Shouren said: "Chen Hao has lost all the important people in the capital at the same time. The appointment should be made internally, and the status can be followed." Zhong and Tai Gu tasted it. Those who accept bribes from Chen Hao will be too frightened to say anything again. Already, the scribe Shou Ren is light and the shot is strong. Xu Qi hit three out of three shots. The troops in Beijing all cheered, Zhong and Taiyi were dismayed. At the winter solstice, Shouren ordered the residents to offer sacrifices in the streets, and then went to the tomb to cry. The times are new and chaotic, and the fields are shaken by howls of mourning. The Beijing army had been away from home for a long time, and everyone who heard about it cried and longed for their return. Zhong and Tai had no choice but to take classes. Bi Jiandi, together with Ji Gong, Zhu Xu, and Yu Shi Zhanglun, slandered Bai Duan, and Du Yong was always around. Zhongyang said before the emperor: "Shouren will definitely rebel. If you try to summon him, he will not come." Zhongyang and Tai repeatedly tried to summon Shouren. Shouren won the eternal trust and refused to go. Knowing that the emperor's intention was revealed, he immediately arrived. Loyalty and Taiji are not allowed to see the emperor. Shouren then entered Jiuhua Mountain, where Riyan sat in the monk's temple. The emperor knew this and said: "Wang Shouren, a Taoist scholar, will come as soon as he hears the call. What does it mean to rebel?" He sent him back to the town and ordered Geng Shang Jieyin. Shouren was the prelude to the Yi, saying that he would serve as a mighty general and the army would quell the rebellion, and he would be honored by all his lovers. Jiang Bin and others were speechless. At that time, slander and evil were instigating, disasters were unpredictable, and the people in the southeast were in dire straits. Shizong knew this very well. As soon as he ascended the throne, he was summoned to the court and granted a title. But the bachelor Yang Tinghe and Wang Qiong are incompatible. Shouren defeated the thieves before and after, and all the credit was attributed to Qiong. The court was not happy, and many ministers were jealous of his achievements. There will be people who say that the national mourning has not yet ended, and it is not appropriate to hold a banquet to reward him, because he pays homage to Shouren, the Minister of War in Nanjing. If Shouren won't go, please return to the province. Already, based on meritorious service, he has been granted special titles such as Guanglu Dafu, Zhu Guo and Xinjian Bo. He is hereditary and has a thousand stones per year. However, no iron coupons will be given, and no annual salary will be given. Among all the colleagues who have made meritorious deeds, Ji'an Shouwu Wending, who has reached the rank of senior official, will be rewarded. The others all have names that indicate migration, but those that are obscured are abandoned and no longer survive. Shouren was very angry. At that time, Ding's father was worried, and he repeatedly resigned from the title. He begged to record the merits of all ministers and reported to him that he was going to bed. No mourning, no summons. For a long time, Fang Xianfu and Huang Wan, who were good at the table and sent to their disciples, were lucky enough to discuss the etiquette. They told Zhang Cong and Gui Cai that they would be summoned, and Fei Hong was awarded the title of Shouren and returned to Ju. Repeatedly recommending the Secretary of the Ministry of War, the governors of the three sides, and the admirals of the regiments and camps, all of them were of no avail. In the sixth year of Jiajing's reign, Si'en, Lu Su, and Wang, the chieftains of Tianzhou, rebelled. Governor Yao Rong could not decide, so he ordered Shouren to serve as the former official and censor of Zuodu, and to serve as governor of Guangdong and Guangxi and governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. Because Wan petitioned to defend his benevolent merits, he asked for an iron coupon and a year's salary. He also asked the officials to fight against the thieves, and the emperor was willing to repay him. Shouren was on the road, and he explained the faults of using troops, and said: "Si'en did not set up military officials, and the local chiefs sent out three thousand troops every year, and they were recruited by the officials. Now that there are military officials, I will send thousands of troops every year to defend the garrison. It's Liu. It is obvious that the establishment of officials is of no use. Moreover, Tianzhou is adjacent to the border, with deep mountains and valleys, and the Yao and Tong are divided. There will still be local officials. If the local officials are used as shields, the border will be in trouble. If I take it upon myself, I will regret it in the future." According to the Ministry of War in the chapter, there were five disagreements among the king's ministers, and the emperor ordered Shouren to discuss it further. In December, Shouren arrived in Xunzhou, where he would patrol and appease according to the plan set by the censor Shi Jin. All the troops were dispatched, leaving thousands of local soldiers in Yongshun and Baojing to disarm and rest. Su and Shou were not able to be cared for at first, but when they heard that Shouren was the best, they were frightened, and then they were overjoyed. Shouren went to Nanning. The two sent envoys to beg for surrender, and Shouren ordered him to go to the army gate. The two men secretly discussed: "The prince is very deceitful, so I'm afraid he will do it to me." Chen Bing came to see him. Shouren counted two people guilty and released them with a stick. He personally entered the camp and appeased its 70,000 people. It was reported to the dynasty that Chen's use of troops was very harmful and his recruitment was very good. As a result, we requested to re-establish officials to cut off the land and establish a separate state. Cen Meng's second son, the Prime Minister, was appointed as an official to take charge of state affairs. He would be promoted to the magistrate of the state as soon as he had merit. Nineteen inspection departments were set up in Tianzhou, and they were appointed by Su, Shou, etc., and were bound by the official magistrate. All emperors follow it. The Yao thieves in Duantengxia go up to eight villages and down to Xiantai, Huaxiang and other caves. They stretch for more than 300 miles, and the counties and counties have been harmed for decades. Shouren wanted to attack him, so he stayed in Nanning. He dismissed the Huguang soldiers and said they would no longer use them. Unprepared for the thieves, they entered more than ten villages such as Poniuchang and Liusi. The thieves in the gorge were all defeated. Then he followed the Hengshi River and captured the Xiantai, Huaxiang, Baizhu, Gutao, and Luofeng thieves. He ordered the chief envoy Lin Fu to lead Su and his troops to the Eight Villages and break down the stone gate. Deputy General Shen Xiyi invited Yi to kill the thieves and pacify the Eight Villages.

At the beginning, the emperor applauded Su and Shou, and sent travelers to receive seals to reward him. When he announced the victory of Tengxiajie, he issued a hand-written edict to the cabinet ministers Yang Yiqing and others, saying that Shouren was exaggerating and his academic life was poor. Yiqing and others didn't know what to do. The origin of keeping benevolence is recommended by Cong and Calyx. Therefore, calyx is not good at keeping benevolence, so it is strengthened by Cong. After Cai was appointed to the Ministry of Civil Service, Cong was appointed to the cabinet, and his accumulation was comparable. Calyx Bao was very interested in fame, Feng Shouren took the post, but Shouren resigned. Yiqing Ya knew Shouren, but Huang Wan tasted Shouren and wanted to make Shouren serve as an assistant. This ruined Yiqing, and Yiqing had to regret it. Calyx then slandered Shouren and failed to conquer and care for him, so he could not reward him. Xianfu and Huo Tao were not satisfied, so Shangshu argued about it, saying: "Zhu Yao has been in trouble for many years. At first, he used hundreds of thousands of troops. He only had one field in the state, and he quickly summoned the bandits. Shouren made a few remarks, and Si and Tian Ji were the leaders. As for the bandits in Bazhai and Duanteng Gorge, they were blocked by deep rocks and mountains. Since the beginning of the country, they had not been suppressed lightly. Now they were wiped out in one fell swoop. The people who argued were that Shouren was ordered to conquer Si and Tian, ??but he was not ordered to conquer Bazhai. When an official goes out to the border, it is possible for him to secure the country and benefit the country. Is it possible for Shouren to carry out the imperial edict and do it at an advantage? Silk. At that time, ministers Yang Tinghe and Qiao Yu performed their duties, and they are still loyal to Shouren. They surrendered to Jiangxi and then to Guangdong and Guangxi, and the soldiers were disintegrated. If something happens in Yu, who will take care of it again?" The emperor just reported the news. Shouren was seriously ill and begged for his bones. He appointed Lin Fu, the governor of Yunyang, to take his place, but he died without waiting. He traveled to Nan'an and died at the age of fifty-seven. When I passed the funeral in Jiangxi, all the soldiers and civilians mourned in mourning. Shouren has a very sensitive nature. On the seventeenth year of the year, he visited Shangrao Lou Liang and discussed Zhu Zi's investigation of things. When I returned home, I sat upright every day and read the Five Classics without a smile. Returned from a trip to Jiuhua and built a house in Yangming Cave. The two schools of thought have been rampant, and nothing has been gained for several years. Exiled to the dragon field, desolate and without books, reading old news every day. Suddenly he realized that by investigating things to gain knowledge, he should seek his own mind instead of seeking things. He sighed and said: "The Tao is here." Then he believed in it without any doubt. It is teaching, focusing on conscience. After the two sons of Song, Zhou and Cheng, only the Lu family of Xiangshan was simple and straightforward, and could succeed the Meng family. However, Zhu Xi's "Collected Commentary" and "Orwen" are undecided in middle age. Scholars immediately followed it, and "Yangming Studies" came to be known in the world. After Shouren died, Guihe left his post without permission. The emperor was furious and sent his court officials to discuss the matter. Cai et al. said: "If you keep benevolence and don't learn from the past, your words will not be worthy of the teacher. If you want to create something new and think it is high, it is not Zhu Xi's theory of studying things and leading to knowledge; if you don't follow the theory of knowing the public, it is the book "Zhu Xi's Final Theory in His Later Years". Calling disciples , promote peace to each other. The talented are happy to do whatever they want, while the mediocre use their false reputations to make false claims. Zhang Daxin, forbid evil ideas to rectify people's hearts. "The emperor then issued an edict to stop hereditary inheritance, and the code was not enough. At the beginning of Longqing Dynasty, many courtiers praised his achievements. The imperial edict was given to Xinjian Hou, and he was given the posthumous title Wencheng. In the second year, he was given the title of hereditary earl. Some people also invited Shouren to worship at the Confucian Temple together with Xue Xuan and Chen Xianzhang. The emperor alone allowed the ministers of ceremony to discuss it, and he was paired with Xuan. In the twelfth year of Wanli, the censor Zhan Shi spoke about the application. Scholar Shen Shixing and others said: "Shou Ren's words to reach knowledge are from "The Great Learning", and conscience is from "Mencius". Chen Xianzhang focuses on tranquility, along with Zhou Dunyi and Cheng Hao, the Confucian scholars of the Song Dynasty. Moreover, the source of filial piety and friends is like Xianzhang, and the merits of integrity articles are like Shouren's. It can be said that it is Zen and should be worshiped sincerely. "It is said that Hu Juren has a pure heart and sincere practice. According to many opinions, it is also suitable to be worshiped together. All emperors follow it. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, four people including Zhi Shouren were worshiped. At first Shouren had no children, so he raised his disciple Zhengxian as his successor. In his later years, he gave birth to Zhengyi children, but he was orphaned at the age of two. As long as he is tall, he wears brocade clothes and serves thousands of households. At the beginning of Longqing's reign, he attacked Xin Xinbo. He died in the fifth year of Wanli. His son Chengxun was the heir, and he supervised water transportation for twenty years. If a son takes the lead, but if he has no children, his younger brother will take the lead and continue his career. Xianda's wife said: "I have no children, so the title will be passed down to my husband. From father to son, where will the title go?" And the soldiers of Chengxun were advanced but not killed. Ye Xun thought that he was not the direct heir, and he should eventually be crowned Xian Da. However, he was worried about the dispute, so he slandered Xian Da as a beggar, and did not promote Xian Da, his disciple Xian Tong, as his heir. He argued repeatedly in the court and remained unresolved for decades. During the Chongzhen period, Xianda Ziye Hongfu and Xiantong Shubian were established. However, Ye Xun's brother Ye Hao was the governor at that time, and his superiors were afraid of disobeying Ye Hao, so they used him as his heir. Ye Hong was angry and went to the forbidden door to sue. He committed suicide and was imprisoned to find his release. In the fourth year of the first attack on Bo, the bandits trapped the capital and were killed. Praise: Wang Shouren began to write with straight knots. Bi was responsible for border affairs, promoted weak soldiers, wiped out the old bandits from the scholars, and put down the evil vassals. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, civil servants used troops to win, but they were not as good as those who kept benevolence. When in danger and doubt, the gods become more calm and wise, and even though they are highly talented, there are still those who succeed. He is proud of his achievements, distinguishes himself from Confucianism, and is ridiculed by scholars after his death. Shouren tried to accuse Hu Shining of giving less lectures, but Shining said: "I hate that the public lectures too much." Although Gui E's discussion was motivated by the jealousy of prostitution, it was true that it suppressed the evils and should not be regarded as a taboo.

　　　　　　　　　　　　一　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　erator through Xu Ailu's biography' Love is horrified at the beginning of hearing it, and then it becomes doubtful. After that, it has been pondered with all its energy, and it has been intricately intertwined with each other to prove it to the teacher. Then it knows what the teacher said. It is as cold as water or as hot as fire. It will take hundreds of lives to wait for the sage and not be confused. . Mr. Ming is wise and gifted by heaven, yet he is harmonious and easy to care about. People saw that he was bold and unruly when he was young, and he often wrote poems and poems, and he was in and out of the two schools. When they suddenly heard about this, they all thought it was innovative and curious, and they didn't care about it. I don’t know that Mr. Xiang has been living in a foreign country for three years, where he has been trapped and quiet. His fine work has definitely transcended into the holy realm, and he has returned to the pure and perfect state. I love you all the time, but if you see the teacher's way, if it is easy, the higher you will look up to it; if you see it rough, the more refined you will be when you explore it; if you get close to it, the more infinite it will be. For more than ten years, I have not been able to peek into its walls. The gentlemen of this world may have only met the gentleman once, or have never heard of him, or may have a sudden anger and anger, and then suddenly want to make rumors and make assumptions in the middle of a conversation. How can it be obtained? When people who travel and hear the teachings of teachers, they often get one thing but leave the other two behind. Seeing that the male and female are yellow, they abandon the so-called thousand-mile person. Therefore, I love to record what I hear in daily life, so as to express it privately to my husband and comrades, and then review it and correct it, so that I can live up to my teacher's teachings. Disciple Xu Aishu. Ai asked: "Zhu Zi said that 'in being close to the people' should be regarded as 'new people'. The article 'making new people' in the later chapter seems to be well-founded. Sir, I think it is appropriate to use the old text as 'be close to the people'. Is there any basis for this?" The teacher said: "The 'xin' in 'zuo xinmin' means a people who have made a new start, which is different from the 'xin' in 'zai xinmin'. Is this sufficient evidence? The word 'zuo' is opposite to the word 'qin', but it does not mean 'xin'. . The words "governing the country and bringing peace to the world" below are all uninvented in the word "new", such as "a gentleman will love his relatives if he is virtuous, and a villain will take pleasure in them and benefit them"; "like protecting the innocent"; What is good for the people, what is disliked by the people, this is called the people's parents' and so on, all of which mean 'to be close to the people'. "Benevolence" means "the people are not close to each other", Shun made Qi a Situ and "respected the five religions", so "Kiming Junde" in "Yao Canon" means "Ming Mingde". When it comes to "Pingzhang" and "Xiehe", it means "being close to the people" and "bringing virtue to the world". Another example is Confucius saying "cultivate oneself to bring peace to the people". "Common people" means "being close to the people." To say "close to the people" is to educate people, but to say "new people" is to say that it is wrong. It seems to be contrary to what the teacher said. "The teacher said: "To seek the best in everything is outside the meaning. The best is the essence of the heart, and it is only when the 'clear virtue' reaches the 'perfect perfection'. , However, it is not a matter of abandoning things. The original note says that it can be achieved by "exerting the utmost principles of heaven and earth without any selfishness of human desire." "The teacher said: "The heart is the principle. There are things outside the heart. Are there principles outside the heart?" Ai said: "Filial piety to the father, loyalty to the king, trust in making friends, and benevolence in governing the people. There are many truths, and we must not ignore them." The teacher sighed: "This statement has been hidden for a long time, how can it be understood in one sentence? Now I will tell you that if you serve your father, you can't go to your father to ask for filial piety. In order to serve the king, one cannot go to the king for the principle of loyalty; to make friends and govern the people, one cannot seek the principle of trust and benevolence from the people. Selfish desires are covered by the laws of nature, and there is no need to add anything external. With this pure heart, serving the father is filial piety, serving the king is loyalty, making friends and governing the people are trustworthiness and benevolence. Just work hard on letting go of human desires and preserving the principles of nature." Ai said, "I have realized that I have enlightened myself after hearing this from my husband. For one thing, there are many programs such as Wen Shen Ding Sheng and so on. Don’t you need to ask?” The teacher said, “How can I not ask? I just have the mind to put aside human desires and keep the principles of nature in mind.” Wen only wants to fulfill the filial piety of this heart, fearing that there may be a trace of human desire. The pursuit of Xia Yan only demands to fulfill the filial piety of this heart, fearing that there may not be a trace of human desire. It only emphasizes that if no one desires, it will be pure. This is the law of nature, and a heart that is sincere to one's parents. In winter, one naturally thinks about the coldness of one's parents, and one naturally seeks for warmth. In summer, one naturally considers one's parents' warmth, and one naturally seeks for one's warmth. This is all true. The condition that comes from a sincere and filial heart. But one must have a heart of sincerity and filial piety, and then have the conditions to express it. For example, for a tree, the heart of sincerity and filial piety is the root, and many conditions are the branches and leaves. There must be roots first, and then branches and leaves. It is not necessary to find the branches and leaves first, and then plant the roots.

"The Book of Rites" says: "A filial son who loves deeply must have harmony; who has harmony must have a cheerful look; who has a cheerful look, must have a graceful appearance." ’ As long as there is deep love as the root, it will be like this naturally. ”