1, the main point of dialing "120"
The emergency number in China is "120" (you can also dial "999" in Beijing).
When dialing "120", the patient's name, gender, age, exact address and contact number should be accurately stated; The time of illness or injury of the patient, the main symptoms at present and the preliminary first aid measures taken at the scene; Report the most prominent and typical symptoms of patients; What diseases have you had in the past, and the medication situation; Agree on a specific waiting place, which should be iconic and easy to find.
2, the correct method of hemostasis
After bleeding, the injured part should be raised first, and the contaminated wound should be cleaned with clean water. If the wound is bleeding heavily, stop the bleeding first and then clean it. Then cover the wound with sterile gauze or a clean, breathable and absorbent dressing, and press it by hand for 5- 10 minutes. If the bleeding does not stop, go to the hospital in time.
Important note: The wound can't be bandaged, which may cause ischemia and necrosis.
3. First-aid methods for cerebral hemorrhage
Patients with sudden cerebral hemorrhage should call 120 immediately and take corresponding emergency measures. Let the patient lie in bed, keep the surrounding environment quiet, don't shake the unconscious person violently, and closely observe the temperature, pulse, breathing, blood pressure and other indicators; Tilt the patient's head to one side to prevent secretions or vomit from blocking the respiratory tract and causing suffocation; If accompanied by fever, an ice pack and a cold towel can be applied to the forehead of the patient to reduce the local temperature, which is beneficial to brain protection.
4. First aid for dyspnea
Put the patient on the flat ground. If there is vomit or secretion, clean it up in time, hold your chin up and open the respiratory tract to the maximum extent. Keep the surrounding environment quiet; If the patient has difficulty breathing with pink foam-like secretion, it may be acute heart failure. Keep the patient half lying or sitting, so as to reduce pulmonary congestion and increase abdominal breathing. In case of respiratory cardiac arrest, give artificial respiration and cardiac resuscitation immediately, and call 120 for first aid.
5. First aid measures for seizures
Seizures sometimes occur under unexpected circumstances. When this happens suddenly, it is very important to protect the respiratory tract and prevent aspiration. Patients may bite their lips and tongue. If necessary, consider putting gauze or tongue depressor between his upper and lower teeth. After the patient's convulsion stops and enters a lethargic state, put the patient in a lateral position, turn his head to one side, and pat his back properly to let saliva and vomit flow out of the patient's mouth to avoid suffocation. At the same time, the root of the tongue is not easy to fall back and block the airway.
However, it should be noted that during the seizure, do not forcibly press the patient's limbs, too much force may cause muscle strain. If epilepsy persists, seek medical attention in time.
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Extended data
First, the misunderstanding of first aid
1, look up when nosebleeds.
The correct way: sit down, lean forward slightly, open your mouth and breathe through it; Pinch the sides of the nose with thumb and forefinger, and press it toward the back of the head for 10 minute, with slight pain as the degree. If the bleeding doesn't stop, you should see a doctor immediately.
2. Treat burns and scalds with toothpaste
The correct way: immediately wash the affected area with cold water to inhibit the damage of high temperature to the skin and reduce the risk of infection; Wrap the affected area with gauze and keep it clean and dry. If there are blisters on the wound, don't puncture them at will. If it is serious, you should see a doctor at once.
3, the throat is stuck and it is difficult to swallow food.
The correct way: the thorns that can be seen are directly taken out by hand or tweezers; If you can't see or the person concerned can't speak, you should seek medical advice in time.
The old man fell down and hurried to help him.
The correct way: when you suspect a fracture, you can keep warm and relieve pain on the spot to prevent shock; If bleeding occurs, immediately stop bleeding and fix it; If a spinal fracture is suspected or the condition is serious, keep the elderly still and wait for first aid at 120.
5. Forced ligation when stopping bleeding.
The correct way: let the injured sit or lie down and raise the injured part; Wash the contaminated wound with clean water, and stop bleeding when the bleeding speed is fast; Cover the wound with sterile gauze or a clean, breathable, non-stick dressing with good water absorption, and press it by hand for 5- 10 minutes.
6. Reverse water control after drowning.
The correct way: put the drowning person flat and pry his mouth open quickly; Remove foreign bodies in mouth and nose; Raise your chin, because after drowning, your tongue will fall backwards and block the airway; If the drowning person stops breathing, artificial respiration should be carried out as soon as possible; Once the drowning person's heart stops beating, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be carried out immediately.
Second, the family first aid kit drug list
Equipped with a first-aid kit at home, put some necessary first-aid appliances and medicines, which will help to rescue patients with sudden injuries in time.
The first aid kit can contain the following items: sterile gauze, bandage, adhesive tape, absorbent cotton and triangular towel; Thermometers, medical tweezers and scissors; Topical drugs can be alcohol, purple syrup, red syrup, iodine, scald ointment, antipruritic and cooling oil, dampness-removing and pain-relieving ointment, etc. The oral medicine can be prepared together with antipyretic, analgesic, antidiarrheal, carsick-preventing and digestive aid drugs.
People's Network-Master 6 tips for family first aid in emergencies.