You must have a good look. I don't think it is very helpful, but it is very effective. Besides, it's my private collection, and I checked many websites to synthesize it. I suggest the landlord print it out, but it's a bit long. I printed about nine faces. You should read the grammar, tense and predicative objects in the building carefully. There is no need to learn the British standard. The junior high school teacher will give it to you. The British standard varies from person to person, and it's not good for me to learn it. ...
I. Vocabulary
Vocabulary is the key to learning English well. Without enough vocabulary, it is impossible to listen, speak, read and write.
Speaking of memorizing words, it is a common headache for students. In particular, the vocabulary of the new textbooks has expanded a lot, which is more difficult to remember. If you can't remember words, you can't learn English well. So it is very important to break through the difficulty of words. There are many ways to remember words.
1. Memorize words by pronunciation. In fact, when reading words, you should look at the phonetic symbols and master the pronunciation rules of letters and letter combinations. Classify and memorize the words that meet the rules. For example: ① Memorize and master the pronunciation of vowels according to open syllables and closed syllables. Bag: cat, map, sad; Cake: name, plane, date; Desk: down, set, step, let; These: China, Japanese; Fight: big, boat, Ben, kill; Like: side, nice, kite, mine; Not: dog, hot, stop, get; Nose: pay attention to those, close, holes; Bus: nuts, cups, rubber, dust; Uses: huge, etc. (2) According to the letter combination memory, master the pronunciation of vowel letter combination and consonant letter combination, such as:
Bees, meet, see, keep, etc. , ee letter combination reading/I:/; Chairs,
Ch letter combination reading /tS/.
2. Syllable memory. No matter how long a word is, if you recite it from the first letter to the last letter, it is
It's hard to remember. For example, information, *** 1 1 letter, can be broken down into eight parts.
Block ",syllable memory is easy. information exchange
3. Combination of sound, form and meaning
Memorizing words combines its sound, shape and meaning, making the memory firm and fast. Read it correctly
Sound, look at its shape, understand its meaning, especially polysemy, and improve the resolution when remembering.
For example, orange is a multi-category word, which means that "orange" is a countable noun; Being an adjective means
"orange"; As an uncountable noun, it means "orange juice" But there is only one pronunciation.
A /'orindJ/, the word form is the same. It is much easier to consciously distinguish between memories.
4. Associative memory of memory words. It mainly includes the following forms:
① Contrast associative memory:
Synonym: research/learning, big/big/great, see//
Look/see, listen/listen, good/good/good/
Listen, door/door, like/love/enjoy etc.
Antonyms: such as: big → small, expensive → cheap, hot.
(hot) → cold (cold), slow → fast/fast (fast), thin (thin)
→ (fat), front → back.
South → North, etc.
Homophones: Tai → Two (two), Right → Four (four), Right →
Write, press → buy, blue → blow.
Past tense), sea → see (see), son → sun (too
Yang) → Weather (Weather)
Comparison of similar word forms: want → wait, read → prepare.
), wall → walk, static → static,
Present → parents, etc. Put them together to compare memories.
At the same time, we can think of some words with different meanings. For example, associate cost with pay, take and spend, and compare the usage of these words with relative meaning, the same meaning or the same pronunciation.
② Classified associative memory: classify the learned words according to different categories, and classify the learned words reasonably.
A. classification by part of speech. Such as: noun driven, name …, verb is, have, drive …,
Adjective carefree, happy …, adverb carefree, happy …, preposition in,
On …, pronouns he, she, he, she … etc.
B. classification by use. Such as: clothes and coats, shirts, skirts, sweaters,
Shoes, cakes, rice, jiaozi, noodles, sports.
Football, basketball, running, sports, transportation, buses,
Cars, taxis, trains, planes, ships ..., January, February,
March, April, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,
Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday and holidays. Like studying.
The word Christmas is associated with Children's Day and Women's Day.
Teachers' Day, Arbor Day, Mid-Autumn Festival
Festivals, National Day, New Year's Day, Spring
A series of festival nouns such as festivals.
③ Associative memory of word formation: We should use the associative memory of the same root word (word-form conversion) and pay attention to the part of speech. English list
There are many words with the characteristics of one word. For example, open can be used as both a verb and a verb.
Adjectives use other words with the same root, for example, the word care has the nature of a noun.
It also has the nature of a verb, and its cognates are are, are and are.
Inadvertently, we should focus on remembering these words. Another example: North →
In the north, noise → noisy → noisy, etc. Associative memory with compound words, such as
When I learn the word moonlight, I think it is a combination of the moon and light.
Yes; A classroom consists of classes and classrooms.
④ Associative memory: Take a word as the center and match different words to form a new phrase. There are many phenomena in this language. If you can use this rule often, you will firmly remember the phrases you have learned. For example:
1) phrases containing get are: get ready, get up, get on the bus, get along with people, get off, get dressed and go back; Come back, get on, get off, arrive, get off, get lost.
2) phrases containing go are: go swimming and continue; Go to school, sleep, go home, go out for a walk, go away, go down, go back, go on.
3) Phrases containing look are: Watch, 1ook after care; Care, look the same, look like, 1 look like, 1 look up, 1 look up (in dictionaries and reference books), 1 look up (doctor's examination), 1 look around (circle).
4) Phrases containing make are: make room for …, make a sentence with …, make a face or make a face with …, be made in …, make tea with …, make friends with …, make up for it, make a mistake, make sure, make noise.
5) phrases containing take are: take your time; Take your time and take medicine; Take medicine, walk, take medicine, exercise, and take turns; Replace, take care of; Take care of, take away, take out, take away; Take out, take off, and give a message to. ...
6) The phrases containing come are: come in, come down, come in, come over, come from, come back, come over/come over, come over, come over, come over, come over, come over, come over, come over, come over, come out (flowers); Come out. Come with me. Come on, come on.
7) phrases with turn are: turn off, turn on, turn on the radio, etc. Turn on (a light, etc. Turn down (turn on the radio, etc. ), turn white, turn left.
8) phrases containing have: I have to have an idea, have a rest, have breakfast, have a look, have fun, have fun and have a drink.
It is not difficult to remember words and phrases as long as you pay more attention to induction and summary consciously.
In addition, the teacher plays reading tapes in class, not just listening, but listening quickly.
Write it down so that the ears, heart, hands and eyes can be used together. In short, we should never get tired of those newly learned words.
Memorize by reading, writing and reciting. Repeat it a certain number of times and it will become a long time.
Memory, will not forget.
(5) Memorizing words depends on hard work and seizing scattered time to remember. When memorizing words, except
In addition to the above methods, memorizing words must be "five to one", and you must think well and not be distracted.
② Observation of eye-to-eye and eye-to-eye writing. (3) Read the words mouth to mouth. (4) to the ear-listen.
Your own pronunciation. Write this word several times on the table or paper by hand. Don't be lazy,
Be sure to draw and remember. Using all the organs, I believe I can remember more lists.
Words.
Some students think memorizing words is really troublesome. Actually, it's no trouble at all. If you can stay awake all the time
Do this slowly, and after a long time, you will form a habit. Every time I meet a word in the future, I will unconsciously think of it.
Yes
A foreign language expert once said, "A thousand words appear at least twenty times in front of your eyes."
In memory. "Students think about it, how many times have the words you have learned always appeared in front of you? Now you
Maybe you found the reason why you can't remember words?
(6) It is also very important to learn English well, and do a good job in preview before class and review after class.
You should preview each lesson before you learn it. Preview can clear the obstacles in class in advance.
Through preview, just like "fire reconnaissance", you can find the weak links in your knowledge. Hurry up before class
Make up this part of knowledge and you will understand the new knowledge smoothly. Some students are not good at listening,
One of the main reasons is that there is no preparation. Preview before class is for students to learn new lessons well and achieve high efficiency.
The foundation of academic performance. If you are not prepared before class, you will have no confidence in the new class and the class will change.
Passive and difficult to digest, so that they lose confidence in accepting all new lessons. On the other hand, if you are well prepared before class,
It can not only clear the obstacles in class in advance, cultivate self-study ability, but also improve the interest in learning new courses.
Have fun and take the initiative in learning.
First, be familiar with and remember most new words. After understanding the basic knowledge of new words, correct the pronunciation of words.
After the meaning and part-of-speech usage, you should listen to the audio tape of the text in time. In general, you should listen to it for 2-3 times in a row.
Read it again and then read it out loud. The purpose is to correct the pronunciation of new words and imitate the pronunciation and intonation of reading the text.
Improve your speaking ability. Correcting the pronunciation of words in this way can also enhance the sense of language.
When you teach yourself, you often encounter problems? How did you handle it?
Of course. Every time you encounter this situation, you must first think carefully, analyze and push from multiple angles.
Knock on the door. You know, it's really a heart if you try your best to get to the bottom of it.
Indescribable happiness. If you are really confused, you can ask your teacher or classmates. Don't let it go easily.
Any problem.
Second, grammar.
Grammar is the basis of learning English well and a tool to master English. When you master a certain vocabulary
After that, it is very necessary to know some grammar knowledge. Choosing to fill in the blanks is an important problem in grammar examination.
It can check nouns, verbs, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions and.
Numbers or something. Wide coverage.
There are only a handful of grammar knowledge in junior and middle schools, and I have practiced it many times. Why?
Did you make a mistake in the end?
This phenomenon of repeated mistakes is common among students, that is, a topic was missed before.
If you see this problem again in the future, you will still make a mistake or even make the same mistake. I think the crux of the problem lies in.
Have a thorough understanding of the cause of the error or have not paid enough attention to it. You should answer every question you have done wrong.
Think carefully: What's the matter? Is it because you don't know the knowledge or because you are careless?
Where to? How to correct it? How can we avoid similar mistakes? Is there any other solution? After this reaction
After thinking, record them in the "wrong question bank" We can basically deal with similar problems in the future.
The occurrence of absolute mistakes. Especially those topics that are easily influenced by mindset, should be handled in this way, otherwise,
It's easy to repeat the same mistake.
Tense learning is the biggest headache for students in China, and it is a grammar project. Because people in China express their language.
There is only the change of time, and there is no concept of tense. It is just that things expressed in English are at different times.
Sometimes, we have to use different tenses, and the key expression of tenses is in the predicate verbs of sentences. Sometimes recite the rules
Easy come, but mistakes often appear in the use of sentences.
Accurately mastering the five basic tenses in junior high school is important to use them in sentences.
1. Master the general usage of conjunctions such as be, feel, look, get and turn.
2. Master the difference between continuous verbs and instantaneous verbs in usage.
This kind of verbs are mainly embodied in the past tense and the perfect tense.
1. In the present perfect tense, the progressive verb can be used with the prepositional phrase for or since to indicate a period of time, but the present perfect tense of the terminating verb cannot be used with a period of time. For example:
I have bought this dictionary for three years.
I have bought this dictionary for three years. (error)
The buy (past participle of buy) in the previous sentence is an ending verb and cannot be used to indicate the time period.
If you want to use phrases together, you must change the structure, which can be changed to: I had this.
The dictionary has been in use for three years, so we should pay attention to the induction of ending verbs.
Continuous verbs. The common conversion between ending verbs and progressive verbs is come→be here.
Start/start → start, borrow → keep, buy → own, die → die,
End/finish → end, get up → get up, go out → go out, fall down.
Fall asleep → fall asleep, leave → stay away, join → be/be a.
Members, put on → put on, catch a cold → catch a cold, etc.
3. Palm? It covers the functions of o, will, shall, have and be in sentences. Summarize tenses and remember their structures.
4. Master the time-varying forms of behavioral verbs in sentences, such as speaking, writing and reading.
Five basic tenses required by the syllabus. Understand the concepts of various tenses and master them in sentences.
Structure adverbial of time and prompt tense. At the same time, we should also understand the other three tenses "past continuous tense, past"
Future tense, past perfect tense ".
The five basic tenses are as follows:
tense
time
structure
ordinary
present tense
Often, usually, always, sometimes, every day (week …),
On Sunday
He/she/it+verb s
I/We/You/They+Verb Prototype
ordinary
past tense
Yesterday, ... Before, last week,
200 1
Past tense of subject+verb
at present
present continuous tense
at present
Subject +be+ present participle
at present
future tense
Tomorrow, next week
Subject+will/will+verb prototype
at present
perfect tense
It has been, however, once, never, for a while, since the beginning of+time.
He/she/it has+past participle.
I/we/you/they have+past participle.
Verbs are very important in language communication, and grammar is only a tool to learn English well. Using this tool, you can improve your self-study ability. In the process of understanding tenses, we should pay attention to the hints of upper and lower sentences or contexts. Pay attention to the basic changes of verbs.
① Example 1: (Beijing, 2003)
What are Mr. and Mrs. Black doing?
They are drinking tea in the garden.
④A is drinking, B is drinking, C is drinking and D is drinking.
⑤ Analysis
6. This question is in the present continuous tense.
From the context analysis of the previous sentence, we know that the action is taking place at this moment. Find out the structure and arrangement of verb parts.
Get the correct answer to eliminate interference. What are black people doing?
What? ",the answer should be" Now is ... ",and the structure of the present continuous tense is" be(am, is,
Are)+ present participle ".
8 Cases 2 (Chongqing in 2003)
Pet-name ruby-I don't know if his uncle is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Attending-If it doesn't rain, I think he will _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Coming; Will come. Will come.
C. coming; Coming D. coming; Will come.
analyse
This topic examines the application of two tenses in context. Let's distinguish what if leads to first.
Sentences, and then determine their tense according to the context. The object after the empty if at 1 leading transitive verb
Sentence, meaning "whether", the main clause of this sentence is the simple present tense, and the action of the object clause has not been done yet.
Occur, use the future tense; The second empty if guide is a conditional adverbial clause, and the conditional clause uses the simple present tense.
The predicate verb of the main sentence uses the future tense.
Third, communication.
The "Outline" points out that "students should master certain basic knowledge and basic language.
Skills, establish a preliminary sense of language, acquire a preliminary ability to use English, and conduct real communication.
Lay a good foundation. "The key to learning a language is to use it. Do students pay attention to their English?
How about the practice of English and oral English? We don't have a foreign language environment, but we should try our best to create it. every day
After getting up in the morning, you should read English for at least 5 minutes. Reading aloud can not only practice.
Learning pronunciation can form a good sense of language, and it can not be underestimated for the improvement of listening.
Function. Besides, we should make use of every possible opportunity to communicate with our classmates and teachers in English.
Or someone who knows English, say hello or chat. When you meet new words, you will be mixed with Chinese and English.
Try to say. At first, I may not be used to it, but it doesn't matter As long as I persist, I have a knot.
Fruit. Former Soviet linguist Pauli? Professor Aristide can speak 15 foreign languages fluently.
Language. He said: "As soon as I learn the word 100, I will speak in this language immediately.
A person who is afraid of making mistakes will never speak a real foreign language. "It seems that if you want to practice your mouth.
Language, really want to have the spirit of "cheeky, wear out the face".
Fourth, reading.
Reading comprehension (3)
Reading comprehension should not only understand the literal meaning of the article, but also understand the deep meaning of the article, including the author's attitude.
Degree, intention, etc. When doing reading comprehension questions, different methods are usually used for different types of questions. Solve reasoning problems
Need to pay attention to the following two points:
First: Inference should be based on the essence of things, not phenomena.
Second, we should follow the author's ideas and the facts provided by the article itself, not the reader's own experience and views.
Line inference.
Every day we see such a picture on TV. We understand
Iraqi children beg for food and water from the United States.
When British soldiers came through the town
The predicate is acted by a verb, indicating the behavior or action of the subject. English verbs are divided into: action verbs (divided into transitive vt. And intransitive verb vi. ), connecting verbs (mainly be: am, is, was, were, all of which mean "yes"), modal verbs/auxiliary verbs (aux.v) and auxiliary verbs are divided into grammatical auxiliary verbs (will/shall, forming tenses). Be does not mean "yes" in the progressive and passive voice, but only in the progressive and passive voice) and structural auxiliary verbs (such as do, does, did, etc.). You must understand these verbs first. Then, the action object of transitive verbs is the object. Note that intransitive verbs have no object, and nouns or ing forms after prepositions are also objects. Nouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositional phrases or clauses after verbs are predicative. Except subject, predicate and object predicate, adverbs, prepositional phrases and clauses that express the meaning of time, place, way, reason, accompaniment and purpose are all adverbials. Let me give you a few examples to illustrate.
1. I met him in the street yesterday Met is the predicate, his object is the object, in the street and yesterday are adverbials respectively.
When I entered the room, he worked hard in the room. The crying intransitive verb is the predicate, and the hard adverb is the adverbial. When I entered the room, it was a clause, and time was an adverbial clause. In adverbial clauses, enter is the predicate of the clause and the room is the object of enter.
They are talking about a math problem over there. This is the present continuous tense. Are is an auxiliary verb, Are talking is a predicate, A math question is an object, and there is an adverbial of place.
The glass was broken by Tom. This is the passive voice, was is an auxiliary verb interrupted by a predicate, and by Tom is an adverbial.
He is sitting in a chair. Sat(sit) is an intransitive verb, in a chair is an adverbial of position, and a chair is the object of the preposition in.
5. They are from China. They are from China. Our school is the best school.
These flowers are beautiful. My book is on the desk.
Now the weather is getting colder and colder. The above be and gets (become) are both linked verbs, and the following words or phrases are predicative.
The reason why he was late was that his bike was broken. In this sentence, his bike is broken is a predicative clause.
Predicate indicates a state, which is basically a noun. I am a student. Among them, students are predicates; Predicate indicates action, which is completed by verbs, such as strike and drinking; ; The object can be a noun or an adjective. I have a cup of tea, where have is the predicate and tea is the object. Adverbials indicate a state, but not necessarily a single word. They also include words or phrases indicating different states, such as time, place, conditions, or the last sentence, I have a cup of tea in bed. On my bed is an adverbial of position. There are many auxiliary verbs, such as must, can, do, have, may, should, would, might and so on. Different words have different usages, so it is difficult to be comprehensive.