Among them, the festival of Dong nationality is called Walking Year.
the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
The biggest festival of the year. But festivals are celebrated in different places. Dong people in the northern Dong towns of Xinhuang, Zhijiang, Yuping and Jinping spend the Spring Festival almost as much as the local Han people. Every village with Satan in the south will go to Satan to offer sacrifices to grandma on the first or second day of the New Year's Day. On New Year's Eve, Dong people in Tongdao celebrate the New Year, and the whole family gather around the fire pit to eat porridge, which is called annual sugar rice.
When the cock crows for the first time, men set off 12 firecrackers in order to have a good year. The women go to pick new year's water to make new year's tea. They don't want to pay New Year's greetings. They don't visit on the second day of the first grade. They are invited to eat Camellia oleifera in the third grade and eat in the fourth grade. Xuanen Dong people spend two years a day, which is called Lunar New Year. From the 30th to 15th of the first month, the louder the gong, the better.
Dongnian
According to the Dong people's New Year. It's usually the end of October or the beginning of November in the lunar calendar. At present, most Dong people don't live for more than one year. Only some places still celebrate the Year of Dong. There are two years in these places every year. Call Dong Nian off-year. The Spring Festival is a new year. The Dong village among the 72 villages in Rongjiang celebrates the Year of the Dong in early November of the lunar calendar. Before and after cleaning the house in October, kill pigs and cattle to prepare for the New Year. 1 1 From the first day of the month to the fifth day of the month, large-scale karaoke bars, Lusheng dances and bullfighting activities will be held. In some places, surname festival is also called Dongnian, and each surname festival has a different period. But it's usually in November of the lunar calendar.
Wu Liang ge hui
Also known as David Liang Song Club. Every year, before the long summer 18 days, the Dong people from the border areas of Hunan, Guizhou and Guangxi, as well as the Miao and Yao people, gather in Wuliang, Tongdao Dong Autonomous County, Hunan Province, and hold an annual song concert, with thousands of participants and tens of thousands of others. The concert was launched in memory of a pair of lovers who died in hatred.
Fireworks Festival
The annual Fireworks Festival of Dong people is held at different times and places. Take Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County as an example, it is the third day of the first month (lunar calendar, the same below), Meilin is the second day of February, Fulu is the third day of March, and Linxi is October 26th. Fireworks are divided into the first gun, the second gun and the third gun. All the guns are tied with iron rings symbolizing happiness and wrapped with red and green lines. When detonated, the gunpowder iron gun was used as the impulse, and the iron ring was washed into the air. When the iron ring falls, people take the iron ring as the goal and compete for it, which is called "grabbing fireworks".
As the saying goes, whoever wins the fireworks will be prosperous and happy in this year. Therefore, when grabbing fireworks, everyone was brave. Everyone rushed to grab fireworks and win glory for the village. There is no time limit for grabbing fireworks. Whoever can send the fireworks to the podium first will win. After the fireworks competition, various entertainment activities began. Lusheng team plays Lusheng on Lusheng field; The old man thrushes under the tree and pulls it home; Young girls and boys take this opportunity to talk about songs. Dong cottages are full of festive atmosphere.
Grab the club.
Dong people have the habit of catching up with clubs. The driving club is not in the stockade, but in the wild, such as Muping or Tianba, as a club field. Every social day, men, women and children flock to the social arena from all directions. Adults buy things, exchange agricultural and sideline products, and children watch the fun. Girls and young students put on new clothes. The girls wore all kinds of silver ornaments, embroidered waist braids and embroidered purses, which contained sour fish, sour meat and glutinous rice. They were in groups of three and five, all smiles, and invited young students to the club for lunch. Later generations buy candy for girls. For people who meet for the first time, those who love each other and have been in contact for a long time will revisit the old feelings and make an appointment for the next meeting. In the evening, epigenetic also invited the girl to the village for a meal. After dinner, young men and women went into the karaoke bars to sing. Nowadays, catching up with clubs has become a festival for young men and women to communicate with each other, and the club field has become a place for sex.
Dong people's bull running festival
February and August of the lunar calendar every year. Dong people like bullfighting, and every village has a "Buffalo King" to compete. The circle of "Niu Wang" is mostly built near the Drum Tower, which is clean and ventilated, and is called "Niu Gong". Niu Wang has a special person to mow grass, carry water and mix materials, and often supplies honey, lard, rice wine and other foods. "King Niu" is huge, strong, covered in blood, with thick and sharp horns, like an open steel fork.
Before the festival, young people blew lusheng to other villages to "keep an appointment" and invited their opponents. After the "farewell contract", I went to the "Niu Gong" to play Lusheng and worship for 3 days to "nourish the heart" for the cattle. When the festival arrived, the crowd gathered around the bullring. Accompanied by Lu Sheng, the "King Niu" began to "step on the field": young people held a "horse card" with the name of "King Niu" in their hands, holding their heads high, and "Niu" was full of gas. "Ma Pai" is followed by guards and drum bands with wooden "weapons".
There is a shiny iron cover on the corner of the "Ox King", red silk on his head, and the "Shuanglong Robbery" Ox King Tower on his back, with four flags and two long pheasant feathers inserted on it, just like an ancient general. There is a string of bronze bells hanging around the neck of the cow, which is loud and clear on the chest. After the "stepping on the field", Niu Wang left. Three iron cannons roared and the official bullfight began. Niu Guan threw the two lit fires in front of his own "Niu Wang" and let go of the reins in his hand. Two cows pounced on each other, and the crowd drummed and cheered. The winning girl should be allowed to "take away" the colorful flag of the losing side. The winning "Cow King" was dressed in red and entered the stadium again to receive cheers. If you can't score, you should put a brown rope around the cow's hind legs and pull them apart, shaking hands and making peace. A few days later, the winning girl went to return the defeated colorful flags, and the defeated young man gave a banquet, sang "big songs" and presented "redemption flags". It is the glory of the village that the "Bull King" in the stockade can win, so there is a mass song and dance banquet to celebrate after the bullfight. In recent years, the "Cow King" of the Dong nationality in Guizhou has also performed gladiator in some big cities, making this special entertainment culture more famous.
August 15
Dong people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15. Besides eating moon cakes and enjoying the moon, they also have some special contents. In the northern Dong township, there is an activity of "Brother Delivers Cakes on August 15th", which focuses on young men and women socializing. After drinking wine early that day, the young students carried moon cakes on their backs and met the girls at the appointed place. After meeting, sit down according to the traditional procedure of garden friends. In the afterlife, take out the moon cakes and arrange them in even numbers, and persuade the girls to eat them with songs. The girl thanked her with a song.
While eating moon cakes, the two sides complained to each other in songs and vernacular. Don't say goodbye until the sun sets. When breaking up, the boys packed the remaining moon cakes and gave them to the girls. Xinhuang has the custom of "stealing moon dishes on August 15th". It is said that stealing other people's fruits and vegetables on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival will bring health and happiness. The food stolen under the moon can only be eaten in the wild and cannot be taken home.
Sowing festival
Dong people living in the border areas of Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou hold a traditional sowing festival on the third day of the third lunar month every day.
Because people's hobbies are different, the content and methods of activities in different villages are also different. Some stockades set off fireworks on this day; Some are standing on lusheng and sitting in karaoke bars; Some invite guests. And the funniest thing is Dancing the Spring Cattle. Then the farming team will carry out grain growing activities. The whole performance venue was regarded as a field. Several people played farmers, some with plows, some with hoes and some with bamboo baskets. They moved fields, plowed fields, transplanted rice and harvested them vividly, and expressed the joyful atmosphere of Dong Jia's farmland cultivation with songs and dances.
Dong girls' day
The ethnic minorities in the border areas of Hunan, Guizhou and Guangxi will celebrate "Daughter's Day" on April 8 of the lunar calendar. According to legend, this custom comes from the surname Yang of the Dong nationality. On this day every year, married girls go back to their parents' home to spend the holidays with their sisters and aunts. At that time, the sisters will sing and laugh and make a holiday food-black rice cake together. When I go back to my parents-in-law's house, I will also take a lot of ebony cakes and give them to my relatives and friends to compensate for the loneliness of the boys on Girls' Day. Eating black rice (also called black rice) on April 8 is an ancient custom, which is said to commemorate Yang Bamei, the heroine of Dong family. Black rice is made by soaking leaves in black pulp juice, dyeing "glutinous rice", a special product of Dong nationality, and cooking.
Taste new festivals
"On June 6, the grass is ripe early." Dong people regard this day as New Year's Day, and some places choose auspicious days to try new things.
On the New Year's Day of Hunan Channel, dogs are distinguished guests, so the new rice is ready for dogs to taste first and then taste. Because it is said that in ancient times, a terrible flood happened and all the seeds were washed away. It was a white dog, flying across the ocean, rolling on the flat ground of the western queen mother, covered in grain. When he came back, all the lines on his body were washed away by the water, only the tip of the dog's tail stuck on the water had a few lines. Human beings have developed to this day by relying on these grains. In order not to forget the dog's contribution, Xingu asked the dog to taste it first. Nian Nian Festival is the same festival in Dong area, and the content of Nian Nian Festival is similar in different places.
Liping County called this "Taste the New Festival" "Paradise Day", commonly known as June 6th. Many Dong villages make zongzi on this day, also known as Zongzi Festival. In particular, the Dong people in Zhaoxing, Cenjiao, E Long, Shuikou, Donglang, and Xinping townships have a particularly grand life, second only to the Chinese New Year.
Dong people's song catching party
The 20th day of the seventh lunar month is a grand festival for the Dong people in Gaoba area, Jianhe County, Guizhou Province. On this day, the girls and the boys made a clean break, made an appointment with their partners and rushed to the Gao Bai Opera House in twos and threes. Prior to this, young people generally completed farm work ahead of schedule and actively collected, rewritten or newly edited a large number of folk songs or love songs; So as to compete with the strong players in the Song Dynasty at that time.
At noon, the center of the concert-the green grass slope in Gaobazhaitou became a sea of people singing. Food songs, love songs and folk songs with unique tunes come and go. Young men and women use song parties to find their new and old friends, express their feelings, talk about what's going on in the world, or sing intoxicating love songs alternately until dawn the next day. Many young people become happy partners by singing. According to legend, the Gaoba song-catching party was held to commemorate a Dong female singer who was faithful to love.
Winter festival
That is, "the winter solstice." On this day, people in all Dong areas celebrate the Dong Year, which is equivalent to the Spring Festival. Activities around the country are very lively, with lusheng, leafy, Dong opera, duet and other activities rich and colorful. Friends who can't go home for the New Year are in Nanning, Guangxi. Many Dong compatriots in Nanning get together every year to sing and exchange songs on the "Winter Solstice".
Wanglinjie
"Wang Lin Festival" is a festival to commemorate Lin Kuan, the leader of the Dong peasant uprising army. The time is the first day of the sixth lunar month every year. The special food of the festival is huge zongzi. Each Zongba is as thick as a sea bowl, about two feet long. Only dozens of Zongba leaves can be wrapped in one, and three or five people can eat it. According to legend, Lin Kuan often led the rebels to the north and south, and his mother was afraid that her son would not have enough to eat, so she always gave him big zongzi. Later generations followed the custom of mother making zongzi to commemorate Lin Kuan. On that day, the Dong people paid tribute to Lin Wang with wine, meat and zongzi. At the sacrificial ceremony, adults and children should sing "Lin Wang ancient songs" and stop singing ancient songs. Old people will also tell the story of Lin Wang to future generations, so that heroic deeds can be passed down from generation to generation.
"Shengde Mountain" Song Festival
There are many traditional singing venues for Dong people to catch up with songs, among which the most lively and grand one is the "Shengdeshan" singing venue at the junction of Jianhe, Tianzhu, Xinhuang, Yuping and Zhenyuan on the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month, and tens of thousands of Dong people come to the party. Young men and women at the concert are looking for their lovers or renewing their love by singing.
Gaoba Gehui
July 20th of the lunar calendar is a grand festival for the Dong people in Gaoba area of Jianhe County. On this day, the girls and the boys made a clean break, made an appointment with their partners and rushed to Gaoba Opera House in twos and threes. Prior to this, young people generally completed farm work ahead of schedule and actively collected, rewritten or newly edited a large number of folk songs or love songs; So as to compete with the strong players in the Song Dynasty at that time. At noon, the center of the concert-the green grass slope in Gaobazhaitou became a sea of people singing.
Food songs, love songs and folk songs with unique tunes come and go. Young men and women use song parties to find their new and old friends, express their feelings, talk about what's going on in the world, or sing intoxicating love songs alternately until dawn the next day. Many young people become happy partners by singing. According to legend, the Gaoba song-catching party was held to commemorate a Dong female singer who was faithful to love.
Two-level lattice section
Song Erping Festival, also known as Song Erping Festival, is popular in Tianzhu, Gaoba, Pingcen, Lantian, Duma, Shengdeshan, Dalinshan and Lianhuaping in Guizhou. Especially the Gaoba and Pingcen areas at the junction of Jinping, Tianzhu and Jianhe are the most lively. Every year on the 20th day of the seventh lunar month, young Dong men and women flock to Ge Ping. As many as ten thousand people rushed to attend the meeting. Girls and boys are in small groups, singing and complaining to each other. The village song team also came to participate in the competition. According to legend, this concert was formed in memory of a singer who was loyal to love.
March 3rd is the onion and garlic festival.
The third day of the third lunar month is the biggest social festival for the Dong people in Zhenyuan to report to Beijing, which lasts for four days. During the festival, middle-aged and elderly people visit in groups and dance Lusheng dance. Young men and women carry out activities for the purpose of finding objects. Two days ago, girls went to the field to salvage fish and shrimp and had dinner with boys in the wild. On the third day, the girls dressed in costumes went to the garden to pick onions and garlic, and then took them to the Longtan well at the foot of the village for washing. Boys are waiting in line on the road, and girls ask them for baskets when they pass by. The girl will give her basket to someone she is interested in. The young man got the basket and got the girl's love. Everyone cheered, rejoiced and praised. After the lover got the basket, he agreed to return it with the girl and put cloth and candy in the basket to express his gratitude. At noon on the third day of junior high school, foreign guests came to Beijing Lusheng field to report for duty, dance Lusheng dance and persuade people. The fourth day's song, the scene is more grand. It was not until the fifth day of the fifth lunar month that people sent the guests away in the blowing sheng. Legend has it that in ancient times, a girl named Liang Ying fell in love with a poor young Sheng Qiao in Beijing, but her parents forced her to marry a rich family. On March 3rd, Liang Ying caught shrimps and chopped onions, met Sheng Qiao under a red bean tree, and gave her fish and onions to Sheng Qiao to show her loyalty. Unexpectedly, she was found, and both of them were beaten and abused, so sad that they jumped off a cliff and committed suicide. Later generations held the above-mentioned activities on this day to commemorate the couple's daring to resist the arranged marriage, so it became a festival.
Cotton planting festival
In Dong Village of Duliujiang River Valley, cotton planting activities were carried out around April 8. On this day, the groom invited a new partner, prepared salted eggs and glutinous rice, and played the lusheng to help the bride who has not yet lived in Langjia grow cotton. The bride invited her companion to prepare glutinous rice dishes and walked to the cotton field with the boys talking and laughing in Lusheng music. The young man dug a hole, and the girls planted dung. After planting, they planted branches full of eggshells in the cotton field, and then they got together for lunch. Some villages cook brown sugar and glutinous rice porridge, pick ducks and take dogs to the fields for banquets. In the evening, the bride's family gave a banquet in honor of Lang's friends, all the female companions were with them, and everyone sang and drank. This custom of making friends through production activities is still followed in some areas today.
Mulberry picking festival
The eighth day of the fourth lunar month is the day when young men and women pick mulberry leaves and make friends. On this day, the girls dressed in new clothes went up the mountain in droves to pick mulberry trees, whispering under the mulberry trees, singing Long song, and looking for the right person. In the afternoon, the girls came home with dustpans and fish baskets, and invited the younger generation to go to the fields, pinch the fish and splash water on each other for fun. In the evening, at the girl's house, we will have a beautiful fish feast, and the girl's parents will also prepare stewed chicken and glutinous rice wine. After the banquet, young people came to the village in pairs to sing and enjoy the moon.
My brother sends cakes in August Mid-Autumn Festival.
Dong people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15. Besides eating moon cakes and enjoying the moon, they also have some special contents. In the northern Dong township, there is an activity of "Brother Delivers Cakes on August 15th", which focuses on young men and women socializing. After drinking wine early that day, the young students carried moon cakes on their backs and met the girls at the appointed place. After meeting, sit down according to the traditional procedure of garden friends. In the afterlife, take out the moon cakes and arrange them in even numbers, and persuade the girls to eat them with songs. The girl thanked her with a song. While eating moon cakes, the two sides complained to each other in songs and vernacular. Don't say goodbye until the sun sets. When breaking up, the boys packed the remaining moon cakes and gave them to the girls.
Wedding anniversary
Jianhe Dong people's wedding was held on the first day of October in the lunar calendar, forming a "wedding festival" of "welcoming the relatives on the first day of October". On the night of the wedding, the bride wants to "cry and marry", and all her girlfriends come to "marry" and sing "dowry songs". Weeping marriage expresses gratitude to relatives and friends, memory of parents' kindness and memory of separation of brothers and sisters. When the bride was crying to get married, she once met and fell in love, but now she didn't get a pair of boyfriends, quietly giving gifts to the girl. The girl secretly made her girlfriend cry and sneaked out to say goodbye.
6, the sick palace:
Seven kills are in the sick palace, which is prone to childhood disasters or irritable temper. W