Country name: Republic of Singapore) [

Nicknames: Sin Chew and Sing Tao

Capital: Singapore

National Day: August 9th.

Land: Singapore is located at the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula, in the center of the Straits of Malacca, the shipping artery between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, in Southeast Asia. It is called "the crossroads of Asia" and its geographical location is very important. The country covers an area of 626.4 square kilometers, with urban areas accounting for the vast majority, so it is called "city country".

Climate: Singapore is located within the north latitude 1 degree line, only137km away from the equator, and has a tropical maritime climate. This climate is characterized by the hottest and wettest. The annual temperature is about 24℃ to 32℃, the temperature difference between day and night is not big, and the precipitation is about 2400 mm.1There is more rain from October to March, and less rain from April to September.

Brief history of the country: It is said that in ancient times, Prince Etama, a descendant of Alexander the Great, was sailing at sea, and his ship was blown to what is now Singapore Island by a storm. On the island, the prince saw a monster with a crimson body, black hair on his head and a pinch of white hair on his chest. The entourage told the prince that it was a lion, and the prince called the unknown island "Singapore", which means lion. This name has been used to this day. Singapore was called "Single Horse" in ancient times, and18-19th century was a part of Johor Kingdom in Malaysia. /kloc-became a British colony in the 0/9th century and became an important British trading port and military fortress in Asia. From 1942 to 1945, it was ruled by Japan and became a direct colony of Japan. 1June, 956, an autonomous state was established and internal autonomy was implemented. 1963 merged into Malaysia in September. 1On August 9th, 965, under the leadership of Lee Kuan Yew, Singapore was formally established from Malaysia. Singapore is a city-state, which originally meant lion city. According to Malay historical records, around 1 150, the Sri Lankan prince who died in Sumatra arrived at the island by boat and saw a black beast, which was called a lion by the locals, hence the name "Lion City". Singapore is the homonym of the Sanskrit "Lion City". Because local residents are deeply influenced by Indian culture, they like to use Sanskrit as their place names. The lion is brave and vigorous, so it is natural to use it as a place name. In the past, many overseas Chinese called it "Silla", which means "Strait" in Malay, and some people called it "Sin Chau" and "Sing Tao" because of its small area.

political economics

Singapore is a member of the Commonwealth, and the President is the head of state. The President and his parliamentary colleagues exercise legislative power and implement the cabinet system of the Prime Minister. Traditionally, Singapore's economy is dominated by commerce, including entrepot trade, processing and export, shipping and so on. It is the largest seaport, an important commercial city and entrepot trade center in Southeast Asia, as well as an international financial center and an important aviation center. After independence, Singapore's economy has developed remarkably, and it is known as one of the four little dragons in Asia. Tourism is one of the pillar industries of Singapore economy.

Country and family

Singapore has a population of 365,438+10,000, of which Chinese account for 76%, Malays account for about 15%, and others are Indians, Pakistanis, Sri Lankan Tamils and Westerners. With more than 4,000 people per square kilometer, it is one of the countries with the largest population density in the world.

English, Chinese, Malay and Tamil are the official languages, Malay is the national language, government agencies use English, and English is the administrative language. Most Singaporeans can use English and Chinese. Malays and Pakistanis mostly believe in Islam, Indians believe in Hinduism, and China and Sri Lankans believe in Buddhism. Besides, some people believe in Christianity.

traffic

Singapore is an aviation center connecting Europe, America and Oceania in Southeast Asia, with routes reaching 54 countries (regions) and 127 cities. China has direct flights to Singapore from Beijing, Guangzhou, Xiamen and Shenzhen. Singapore Changi Airport is one of the busiest airports in the world and one of the largest airports in Southeast Asia. Singapore has developed transportation and advanced facilities, with trains and buses running between major cities in Malaysia and Thailand. The long-distance passenger station is at Xinqiao Road, and there are several buses to Kuala Lumpur, Guan Dan and Malacca every day.

subway

Subway is the most convenient means of transportation in Singapore. The subway is 67 kilometers long and has 42 stations, which are divided into two lines: the north-south line from Haibin Bay to Yishun and the east-west line from Brazil to Liwen. Each subway station has a clearly marked road map and instructions. It is best to determine the fare and location before taking the subway. The north-south line is represented by "n", yellow means northbound, and red means southbound; The east-west line is represented by "W", green represents the east line and blue represents the west line; The urban area is indicated by "C". To check the name of the station, just remember the color and number.

The operation of the subway station is fully automated, with computer-controlled automatic ticket vending machines, passenger entry and exit gates, etc. Put the coin in front of the ticket vending machine and press the button to pay the fare. If there is a balance, the machine will automatically change money and pay the ticket. Subway tickets are time-limited. If you stay in the gate for more than half an hour, the ticket will automatically become invalid and passengers can no longer pass through the computer gate. If you want to come out, you must make up another ticket. The subway runs from 6 am to afternoon 12.

Festival activities

There are four calendars printed on the Singaporean calendar: solar calendar, China lunar calendar, Indian calendar and Malay origin, and there are many festivals according to various calendars. While preserving the traditional cultures of all ethnic groups, the Singapore government encourages people to unify the evolution of national cultural customs in Singapore.

The main festivals are New Year, India Harvest Festival, Singapore Raft Race, India Dabson Festival, Islamic Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr, Good Friday, Harz Festival, Vesak Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Singapore Food Festival, National Day, Mid-Autumn Festival, Monkey King's Birthday, Mid-Autumn Lantern Festival, India Lantern Festival, India Nine Nights Festival, Nine Kings Celebration, India Fire Stealing Festival and so on.

prescribe a diet

Singapore catering brings together local flavors and delicacies from all over the world, including Chinese food, Malaysian food, Thai food, Indonesian food, Indian food, western food and fast food. Due to historical reasons, Singapore has integrated the cooking characteristics of Malays and Chinese in its eating style and habits, among which the most representative dish is "Nyonya Cuisine". Nyonya refers to China women who once lived in Singapore, Malacca and Penang. As far as taste is concerned, Niangjia cuisine is one of the most special and exquisite traditional cuisines.

Tourists are required to pay 10% service charge, 3% government tax and 1% sightseeing tax when spending in restaurants and hotels. Restaurants or snack bars in the suburbs do not charge service fees and tips, and market stalls do not have to pay extra tips. For the sake of public health, all air-conditioned restaurants will stop smoking.

go shopping

Singapore is rich in goods, with a wide range of goods from all over the world, ranging from classical and exquisite oriental handicrafts to fashionable European high-end fashion and leather products to advanced high-tech electronic equipment. Singapore market features mainly Malay batik cloth, jewelry, antiques, ceramics, jade, calligraphy and painting. The price level in Singapore is relatively high.

money

The currency is Singapore dollar.

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8 hours earlier than GMT, the same as Beijing time.

Singaporeans' hard-working, persistent and goal-oriented working attitude has won many top honors for Singapore, such as the world's first airline (Singapore Airlines), the world's busiest port and transshipment port, the world's first night safari park, the world's highest artificial waterfall, the highest hotel-Singapore Hotel in Stanford, Switzerland, and the world's largest fountain-Suntec Fortune Fountain.

Singapore is not only the third largest oil refining center in the world, but also an important material distribution center. The main trading products are tin, rubber, coconut, oil, rice, wood, jute, spices and coffee. Singapore is also a financial center, with many major banks in the world, including Bank of America, ABN Amro, Deutsche Bank and Bank of Tokyo. They all use advanced communication equipment to contact commodity, stock and foreign exchange trading centers in Singapore and around the world.

Singapore is a small, beautiful, clean and green garden city, with trees on both sides of the road and small gardens and lawns everywhere. There are all kinds of flowers in Singapore, among which the national flower orchid is the most famous. These carefully cared orchids are brightly colored and fragrant. There are bougainvillea all over the streets, and even the ugly telephone poles are wrapped and decorated. Bright red or lilac flowers are attached to the freely spreading branches, swaying gently in the breeze, and can bloom everywhere even without artificial care.

Singapore is a famous free trade port with world-class goods. At the same time, as the center of Southeast Asia, there are numerous commodities with local characteristics. Rich commodities and good shopping environment attract tourists from all over the world. There are both high-end shopping centers and antique shops here; There are not only world famous brands here, but also a dazzling array of small commodities, which makes people dizzying.

Magic Merlion

At the mouth of Singapore, under the Anderson Bridge, stands an ivory stone statue of "lion's head and fish's tail", which is the symbol and symbol of Singapore. Merlion was born in 1972 by Singaporean artist Lin Langxin. It has stood quietly at the mouth of Singapore for 30 years, guarding the ships coming and going at sea.

Singapore, the capital of Singapore, is located at the southern tip of Singapore Island, south of the equator 136.8km, with an area of about 98km2, accounting for 1/6 of the total island area. Singapore is the national political, economic and cultural center, known as the "garden city", one of the largest ports in the world and an important international financial center. Singapore has a mild terrain, with the highest elevation of166m.

The urban area of Singapore is located on the north and south banks of the estuary of Singapore, with a total length of 5 kilometers and a width of 1.5 kilometers from east to west. The south bank is a bustling business district, surrounded by high-rise buildings and green trees. The north shore is an administrative area criss-crossing flowers, trees and buildings, with an elegant and quiet environment. Malay street is also in this area.

Singapore's urban roads are wide, leafy street trees and various flowers are planted on both sides of sidewalks, lawns and flower beds are mixed with small parks, and the city is clean and tidy. On the bridge, climbing plants are planted on the fence, and colorful flowerpots are placed on the balcony of the house. Singapore has more than 2,000 kinds of higher plants, and is known as the "world garden city" and the "health model" of Southeast Asia.