8. typhoid fever; Lobar pneumonia. Life textbook; Encourage people to overcome difficulties and persist in revolution; Lofty image and revolutionary quality 10. Zhu II. Tonya; Lida; Dia L2. When making up lessons at the priest's house, sprinkle a pinch of cigarette powder 13 on the dough for Easter cake at the priest's house. Life of the Storm L4. Literary creation; The manuscript was lost on the way 15. October Revolution 16. How is steel tempered? Pavel Colta King; Zhu L7. When he looks back on the past, he doesn't regret wasting time, nor is he ashamed of doing nothing. 18. "Steel" is a symbol of faith, will and perseverance. Explaining the title of this work, ostrovsky said: "Steel is tempered by fire and high temperature cooling, so it is very strong. Our generation was also tempered by struggle and severe test. I learned not to lose confidence in life. " 19. Paul embodies his spirit of challenging fate, striving for self-improvement and striving for progress. Paul's lofty revolutionary thought, noble moral sentiment, selfless dedication, strong will to struggle, optimistic attitude towards life and clear life goals are all examples for us to learn. 20. How steel was tempered and how the storm was born. The themes of these works are all based on the civil war, praising the heroes who grew up in the proletarian cause. 2 1. They were created after the author was paralyzed and blind. This book is written according to the writer's own life experience and real feelings, so it has obvious autobiographical nature. But just because the writer's creative intention is not to preach for himself, it can't be considered as the writer's autobiography. Writers do not stick to the facts of life, but do a lot of typical treatment of characters and plots. Ostrovsky said: "My novel is first and foremost a work of art, in which I use the right of imagination. "I am firmly opposed to comparing the author of my novel How Steel was Tempered with one of the characters in the book, Paul Kochagin ..." This is a novel, not a biography. "23. How Steel was Tempered is an excellent novel, which describes that after the October Revolution in the Soviet Union, the first generation of Soviet youth, under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party, fought tenaciously with domestic and foreign enemies and various difficulties in order to restore the national economy and consolidate the nascent Soviet regime. 24. In the railway construction, Paul's pankratov team "desperately walked ahead" and worked at a "crazy speed"; After Paul was paralyzed and blind, he was very upset and couldn't extricate himself. He has suicidal thoughts. He overcame the blow of tragic fate with strong perseverance and began the struggle to return to the team. Xie Ba-Paul's childhood friend, Red Army soldier and secretary of the Youth League Committee; Valia Sheila took her sister. * * * Communist Youth League members; Li Da-a staff member of the Political Department of the Red Army Division and a member of the Standing Committee of the Youth League Committee; Ivan Zarki, Red Army soldier and secretary of the Youth League Committee; Ignat pankratov-Docker, Communist Youth League Secretary of the Freight Station; Okunev-the Communist Youth League secretary in the garage, secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee; Zhu Shuibing, the underground worker of the Party, the chairman of the provincial committee for eliminating counter-revolutionaries, and the deputy director of the secret service department of the military region.
Autumn rain hits the human face. Piles of dark gray rain clouds are moving slowly at low altitude. Autumn is getting deeper and deeper, the endless trees in the forest are bare, and the old elm trees stand gloomy, covering the wrinkles on the bark with brown moss. Ruthless autumn stripped them of their beautiful clothes, so they had to stand there naked and skinny.
……
It rained like a sieve, and the cold rain soaked the clothes. The rain washed away the fruits of people's labor, and the soil dripped down from the roadbed like thick porridge.
1. What are the characteristics of the description of the natural environment here? (3 points)
2. Environmental description is to portray characters and express the central idea. Talk about the role of this environmental description. (3 points)
3. This kind of scene description uses metaphor and personification to make the environment description vivid. Please write figurative sentences and anthropomorphic sentences. (4 points)
Metaphorical sentence:
Personified sentences:
(2)
Not far from the station, stands the skeleton of a stone house. Everything that can be moved and dismantled inside was taken away by bandits. The iron gate of the stove became a big black hole, and the doors and windows became big holes with their mouths open. Rafters can be seen from the hole in the broken roof.
The only thing left is the concrete floor in four houses. Every night, these 400 people lie on the floor in clothes soaked by rain, covered with mud. Everyone was twisting clothes at the door, and mud ran down from them. Everyone is cursing the bad weather and mud. They huddled tightly on the concrete floor covered with a thin layer of wheat straw, trying to warm each other with their own body temperatures. The clothes are steaming, but they never do.
1. Briefly describe the role of environmental description in these two paragraphs. (3 points)
2. The social environment of "road building" has a centralized description, and a few general introductions are scattered in various parts. Please find out the sentences about scattered environment description from the text and talk about their functions. (5 points)
(3)
Once, on a road construction site, Paul and his first lover, tonia, met by chance. The following excerpt is a concrete description of this unexpected encounter in the novel.
Paul turned his head.
"There are a hundred people waiting for you here," tokarev said to Paul. "You should pay attention to them and don't let them be lazy."
Paul gave the work to these newcomers. There is a tall man wearing a railway uniform coat, a leather collar and a warm children's hat. He turned the shovel angrily. He told a young woman standing beside him that she was wearing a fur seal hat with a fluffy ball on the top:
"I don't shovel snow. No one has the right to force me to do so. I am a railway engineer. If I am asked to lead the work, I can promise. But shoveling snow is by no means your job. It is not stipulated in the articles of association. I want to sue the old man for breaking the law. Who is the director here? " He asked a worker nearby.
Paul stepped forward. "Citizen, why don't you work?"
The man looked at Paul from top to bottom with contemptuous eyes and asked, "Who are you?"
"I am a worker."
"So, you and I have nothing to say. Call the foreman, or your ... "
Paul looked at him and said:
"If you don't want to do it, then don't do it. Don't get on the bus without our signature. This is the order of the site director. " Later, Paul asked the woman, "Female citizen, do you also refuse?" However, he immediately froze, because it was Duyamanova standing in front of him!
She finally recognized the man in rags as Paul. Paul is wearing a worn-out jacket, one foot is wearing worn-out boots, the other foot is wearing a grotesque overshoes, and a dirty towel is around his neck. He hasn't washed his face for a long time. Only his sparkling eyes are the same as before. These are his eyes. This is the man in rags like a beggar. How amazing things have changed!
Tonya got married not long ago, and this time she is going to a big city with her husband who holds an important position in the railway bureau. She didn't expect to meet her boyhood lover under such circumstances. She even found it inconvenient to shake hands with him. What would Vassili think? It's sad that Paul is so poor now. Obviously, this young man won't make greater achievements except digging.
She stood there hesitatingly, her face burning red. The railway engineer was stunned by this uneven reputation because he dared to stare at his wife, which in his opinion was too presumptuous.
……
When we finished our work at night, people went back to the station. Tonya's husband hurried ahead to find a good seat in the car. Tonya stood by the side of the road and let everyone pass. The last one was Paul, who was exhausted and walked with a shovel.
"Hello, Paul Fu Lusha!" Tonia walked side by side with him and said, "To tell you the truth, I didn't expect you to be like this. Can't you find a better job than digging in the current government? I thought you would be a member of the Committee or have the same position. How did your life become so miserable ... "
Paul stopped, gave her a surprised look and said:
"I didn't expect you to be like this ... so sour." He thought about it before he found this milder word.
Tonya blushed to her ears.
"You are still so rude!"
Paul put a shovel on his shoulder and strode away. He took a few steps before answering:
"No, Du Man nova comrade, to tell the truth, my rudeness is much better than what you call politeness. You don't have to worry about my life, but my life is quite good. It is your life that has become worse than I thought. Two years ago, you were better; At that time, you dared to shake hands with a worker. Now you smell like a fitness ball. To be honest, I have nothing to say to you now. "
1. By chance, young Paul met Tonya, the daughter of a forestry official. Paul was moved because tonia didn't hate her poverty and rudeness like a rich girl, and tonia was also attracted by Paul's stubborn and brave character. When Paul was killed, Tonya warmly extended a helping hand, and they established pure friendship and love. But as time went on, their love changed. What is Paul's love for Tonya? Why did he take this attitude? Do you agree with his attitude? (5 points)
2. The description of appearance in the excerpt is excellent. Examples are given to illustrate the role of these physical descriptions in shaping characters. (5 points)
(4)
The following is a scene about Paul and Tonya meeting unexpectedly at a road construction site in How Steel is Tempered (TV Literature Edition).
Bo Iarca, 192 1 year.
Road construction site, inside and outside Japan.
The official saw tokarev among the workers: "Comrade! Leading comrades at the construction site, wait a minute! " Say that finish and walked towards him.
Tonya and Paul stood face to face, motionless.
Tan Ya: Hello, Paul, I admit, I didn't expect to see you … like this!
Paul: What's it like?
Tan Ya: I think you should be a political commissar or something. How did your life become like this?
Paul: My life shouldn't be anything else, and it can't be anything else, but yours …
Tan Ya: You? ...
Paul: You were not shy to shake hands with workers before.
Tonya stared at his eyes and suddenly walked up to Paul and handed him her hand. Paul didn't shake it back.
Tonia (slowly putting down his hand and saying with a wry smile): Look. I still don't understand why you refused me. Everything may be different.
Paul: What? Do you want me to look like that man? Sorry, I don't know who he is.
Tonya: I love you (her eyes are full of tears, as if she is ready to start over here and now).
Paul was at a loss.
Tonya's husband, a railway official, is back.
Officer (in an impatient tone): Go, Tonya! I'll contact my superior in Kiev immediately.
Paul shouldered the shovel and turned to leave.
Tonya ignored her husband and looked at Paul's back.
Police officer (angrily): Who is this poor beggar? Did he bully you?
Paul (stopping and turning around slowly): If I am a beggar, then you are a damn capitalist!
Officer: What! (Take the previous step)
Paul: Stand in a row with a shovel. You can't go anywhere without my signature on the train ticket!
(Say that finish, suddenly turned and walked away)
Tan Ya: We must help sweep the snow.
Police officer: Don't be silly! We have to get out of here!
Tan Ya: Do what? Didn't I tell you? Without his signature. ...
Official: They will sign it, but they dare not sign it!
Tan Ya: No! He won't sign it! (Looking at Paul in the distance) You don't know him!
Officer: What about you? How do you know him?
Tan Ya: It's a long story.
Tonya stepped onto the roadbed and took the shovel from a passenger who was about to rest.
Police officer (shouting): Listen to me, Tonya, this is stupid and ridiculous!
But Tonya ignored him. She stood among the working people and began to shovel snow.
1. TV plays and novels have slightly different shapes on Tonya. Can you find it? Do you think this change is reasonable? (5 points)
2. There are three ellipsis in TV script. What are the omissions from the original novel? If you don't omit it, okay? (5 points)
(5)
The following passage is a passage before the meaning of life. Read and answer the questions.
Youth finally won. Paul didn't die of typhoid. This is his fourth narrow escape. After lying in bed for a whole month, Paul, pale and emaciated, could barely stand up on his rickety legs, touching the wall and walking around the room. His mother helped him to the window and he looked into the street for a long time. The snow is melting, forming a small puddle, shining in the early spring sun. This is the first time to thaw outside.
But the thought that he will leave here tomorrow, go back to the big city and be with his friends, comrades and all those dear people again makes him happy again. The big city and its boiling life, active atmosphere, and endless crowds, the thunder of trams and the horn of cars all attracted him. What attracted him most were the huge stone factories and soot. The rustle of pulleys. His heart flew to the place where the huge flywheel was spinning wildly and the air was filled with the smell of oil, which had already been his whole life.
1. "This is his fourth narrow escape." If you have read the book How Steel was Tempered, then you can tell the story of "four narrow escapes". If you haven't read the whole book, you might as well make it up. Say "four close calls" in concise language and talk about the meaning of "four close calls". (6 points)
2. Find out the scenery description sentences in the text and talk about their expressive functions. (6 points)
(6)
Paul came to the pine forest unconsciously. He stood at the fork in the road for a while. On his right is a dark old prison, which was opened with a tall pointed wooden fence and pine forest A, and behind it is the white house of the hospital.
……
I don't know if B people care. They decorated Tomb C with wreaths made of pine branches and put a D-green fence around this small cemetery. Straight pine trees stand tall on the steep slope, and green grass is all over the slope of the canyon.
1. The correct set of words to fill in A, B, C and D in turn is (3 points).
( )
A. separate the piles of trees. B. split piles.
C.which circle? D. which row?
2. Find out the words that indicate the whereabouts of the characters and write them on the horizontal lines. (5 points)
________________________________________
3. From the standpoint of the characters in the text, the position of the pointed wooden fence is (3 points)
( )
A.behind the pine forest, in front of the prison
C.in front of the pine forest and behind the prison.
4. Find out the phrases that describe the cold atmosphere that has just been seriously damaged by the white bandits. (4 points)
5. Find the phrases that describe the vibrant and prosperous atmosphere after defeating the white bandits. (4 points)
6. What kind of description does this passage belong to? What role does this description play in expressing the central idea? (4 points)
(7)
Paul took off his hat slowly. His heart is full of sadness and anger.
Everyone has only one life. A person's life should be spent like this: when recalling the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of being mediocre; On his deathbed, he can say, "My life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind." People should live fast and fully. ...
Paul left the Martyrs Cemetery with this idea.
1. Fill in the blanks silently on the horizontal line. (4 points)
2. What do the bold characters in the text refer to? (4 points)
"So" means _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3. In the above article, the role of dashes is correctly judged (2 points).
( )
A. The turning point of meaning B. The extension of sound
C. stands for the note D. Progress in expressing meaning
4. Can the sentence "Everyone has only one life" be deleted? Why? (5 points)
5. Do the two sentences "I won't regret wasting time and I won't be ashamed of doing nothing" mean the same thing? (5 points)
6. What does "life" mean in the sentence "People should live fast and fully"? (3 points)
7. Summarize the central idea of this paragraph. (4 points)
On comprehensive practical activities
Write a review according to the following requirements.
Have you read the whole book? Check the speed and quality of reading.
What are you going to do in reading reports, reading clubs and other practical activities to improve your ideological level and Chinese ability?
Comprehensive evaluation
reading comprehension
Read the following two paragraphs and complete the exercise.
first
Paul managed to pull his foot out of the mud. He felt the icy cold under his feet and knew that the rotten soles of his boots had fallen. He has been suffering from these worn-out boots since the day he came here. Boots are always wet, and the mud in them keeps ringing when he walks. Now, the sole of a boot has fallen off, so he has to soak barefoot in the biting mud. This broken boot made him unable to do anything. He looked at it in despair. Although he had vowed not to swear again, this time he couldn't help it. He walked to the hut in his worn boots. He sat down beside the marching stove, uncovered the muddy cloth, and extended his frozen feet to the stove.
Adal Ka is cutting beets on the chopping board. She is the wife of a road maintenance worker and works for a cook here. .................................................................................................................................................
Adebayor card, glancing at Paul contemptuously, sarcastically said:
"What's the matter with you, waiting for food? It is still early. You must be lazy to sneak out. Where did you put your feet? This is a kitchen, not a bathhouse! " She blamed Paul.
An elderly cook came in.
"The boots are rotten." Paul explained why he came to the kitchen.
Chef looked at the old boots, nodded to Adequa, and said:
"Her man is half a shoemaker. Let him help you. If you don't have shoes, you will die. "
Adal listened to the chef and looked at Paul carefully, feeling a little embarrassed.
"I thought you were a slacker," she said apologetically.
Paul smiled. Adal looked at the boots with expert eyes.
"We don't fix it-we won't do anything. There is an old overshoe in my attic. Let me bring it to you. Don't freeze your feet. I've never seen it before! There will be a big freeze tomorrow and the day after tomorrow. You can stand it. " Adal said sympathetically. She put down the kitchen knife and went out.
After a while, she brought a high-waisted overshoe and a piece of linen. Paul wrapped his feet in cloth and put on warm overshoes after baking.
second
The shed was crowded with people. One hundred and twenty people are crowded here. Some people stand against the partition, some people lie prone on the table, and even some people are on the stove.
Pankratov declared the meeting open. Tokarev didn't speak for long, but the last sentence suddenly made everyone cold:
"party member and the members of * * * can't go back to the city tomorrow."
The old man waved his hand in the air, stressing that the decision was irrevocable. This gesture wiped out everyone's hope of getting rid of the sludge and returning to the city to reunite with their families. At first, the venue was full of shouts, and I couldn't hear anything clearly. The human body shook and the dim lights swayed. The expressions on people's faces are invisible in the dark. The noise is getting louder and louder. Some people talk longingly about "family comfort", while others shout angrily.
"Go to * * *! I won't stay here for another day! Punish prisoners for their hard work because they have committed crimes. But why punish us? Forcing us to work for two weeks is enough. There are not so many fools. Whoever makes the decision will do it himself. Whoever wants to roll in the mud will do it. I only have one life. I'm leaving tomorrow. "
The shouting man stood behind okunev. Okunev struck a match to see the man who was trying to escape. The moment the match was lit, it lit up a crooked face and an open mouth. Okunev recognized him as the son of an accountant of the Provincial Grain Committee.
"What do you take? I'm not afraid. I am not a thief. "
The match went out. Pankratov stood up and straightened up.
"Who's talking nonsense there? Who said that the task given by the party is hard? " He said in a low voice, scanning the crowd around him seriously. "Brothers, we can't go back to the city, our post is here. If we slip away from here, many people will freeze to death. Brothers, hurry up and go back early. As this poor guy thinks, being a deserter is not allowed by our thoughts and discipline. "
Dockers don't like long speeches, but even these short words were interrupted by the man's voice just now:
"So, can non-party members and non-members go?"
"Yes," pankratov said firmly.
That guy, wearing the short coat that city people often wear, came to the table. He threw a small card, which turned over above the table like a bat, hit pankratov's chest, bounced back and landed on the table.
"This is my membership card. Take it back. I don't work for a piece of cardboard! "
The second half of his sentence was drowned out by the abuse that broke out from the audience.
"What did you throw!"
"You sold your soul!"
"Drill into the * * * Youth League and think about promoting to a higher position and making a fortune!"
"Get him out!"
"Look, we won't hit you, you lice who spread typhoid fever!"
The guy who threw the group card pushed his head down towards the door. Everyone dodged to both sides like a plague and let him pass. As soon as he went out, the door slammed.
Pankratov grabbed the lost group card and reached out to the flame of the small oil lamp.
The card caught fire, rolled up and became a small black cylinder.
(1) It is a major feature of novel writing to express the characters' personalities through detail description and dialogue description. Please write down the related contents and functions of detail description and dialogue description in A.
1. Details are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
2. The description of the dialogue is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. From this sentence, we can see that Paul _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) Article B describes the scene of party member's struggle with fugitives. This passage is very distinctive, using a combination of point and surface, both a bird's eye view of the audience and a close-up of the individual. Please think according to the following requirements.
1. "Description on the surface" includes:
2. "Point description" includes:
3. The use of point and surface combination of scene description, its role is:
Reading appreciation
Read two paragraphs of A and B with different roles. The requirements are as follows:
(1) Pronunciation is correct, such as wet, oblique, crowded and eager.
(2) Use different tones and intonations to read out the personality characteristics of the characters, so as to be appropriate.
writing
Try to rewrite the scene description in paragraph B into a short script.
About reading
Intensive reading and skimming
(1) 1. Mainly write about the scenery in late autumn, which sets off the bleak atmosphere and harsh environment. 2. Write about the great difficulties brought by the continuous autumn rain to railway construction. Road builders persisted in their work and fought tenaciously in this difficult environment, which fully demonstrated their revolutionary heroic spirit of not being afraid of difficulties and hardships. For example, the old elm tree stands gloomily like a sieve.
(2) 1. Write about the complexity of the social environment, which shows the unique hardships when the new regime was just established. Paul and his comrades have withstood the test in the face of severe reality, showing firm revolutionary belief and iron will; Writing "the skeleton of a stone house" and "the residual cement floor" highlights the poor living conditions; It is written that road builders "warm each other with their body temperature", which shows their hard-working spirit. The author described the environment delicately in order to portray the characters profoundly. 2. "Nine people deserted, and a few days later, five people escaped." It reflects the hardship of road construction conditions from the side. "One night, the train didn't bring bread from the city." This shows that road builders are about to suffer from food shortage.
(3) 1. Paul took a completely broken attitude towards Tonya, showing a firm principled position of a proletarian fighter. Tonia was Paul's first love, but with the development of time, tonia was gradually exposed by the bourgeois lifestyle for a long time, dressed up carefully, dressed in fashion ("wearing a fur hat") and loved to show off. She and a railway. Covered in "the smell of health balls", she didn't understand Paul and thought he should be a member and shouldn't dig here. Paul clearly and painfully realized that the ideological distance between them was getting bigger and bigger, and he was sure that he could not influence her. When he pulled her to the proletarian side, he did not succumb to Tonya's bourgeois thoughts because of his feelings and resolutely broke with her. This is a sign of Paul's mature thinking and Paul's revolution.
2. Appearance reveals the character. For example, Paul is "in rags" and "wearing a worn jacket, worn boots on one foot, odd overshoes on the other, a dirty towel around his neck, and his face has not been washed for a long time". These descriptions reflect that life was very hard at that time, but Paul resisted the hardships of this hard life with strong perseverance. "Those are always on."
(4) 1. There are three obvious changes: first, Tonya offered to shake hands with Paul; Second, tonia's eyes are full of tears, just like here and now, she is ready to start over with Paul; Third, Tonya took the initiative to shovel snow. These three changes show that Tonya is a kind woman, although she longs for a comfortable life. She knows Paul and still has feelings for him. Such a change makes tonia's character fuller and more in line with the logic of life.
2. The first ellipsis omits the description of Paul's appearance: "Paul is wearing a shabby coat ... and his eyes are always shining as before." The second ellipsis omits tonia's luxurious clothes and lady status. The third ellipsis omits Tonya's inner activities. What she wants to say is something like "You are too stubborn and too cruel". The third one is omitted.
(5) 1. The first time was in the battle with the Polish White Army, Paul's leg was injured and he got typhoid fever; The second time, when Paul was fighting in the cavalry, a bomb exploded beside Paul, and his head was seriously injured. The third time, it was the heavy and intense work of eliminating counter-revolutionaries that knocked Paul down and injured him, and he had to leave his post and go home for illness; The fourth time, when the railway was about to be repaired, Paul got typhoid and lobar pneumonia. These four "narrow escapes" show Paul's tenacious vitality and steely will. 2. Description of the natural environment: "Snow is melting, accumulating into small puddles and shining in the early spring sunshine. It is already the first warm weather to thaw outside. " These scenery descriptions not only point out the seasons, but also symbolize the arrival of spring in the Soviet Union. Second, the social environment description: "This big city and its boiling life ... where the air is filled with the smell of oil." These descriptions show that Paul is eager to take part in labor after his illness and make contributions to the economic construction of the Soviet Union.
(6)1.c2. 3. stop 3.b 4. Dark old prison 5. Garland; Green fence; Straight pine; The grass is green. 6. Environment; The gloomy, cold atmosphere renders the wounds and traces left by the enemy's serious damage. Compared with the revolutionary victory and spring return to the earth written below, it shows the significance of martyrs' sacrifice and highlights the center.
(7) 1. Life is the most precious thing for people. Life is the most precious thing for people. 3.C4。 It cannot be deleted, because this sentence emphasizes the preciousness of life and reminds people not to waste time. The meaning is roughly the same, but there are some differences. The former focuses on cherishing time, while the latter focuses on doing something. 6. Fight for the liberation of mankind.
Rating reference:
Excellent: to solve this problem, you don't need a complete organization, as long as you have the main points, you can be rated as "excellent".
Good, average, poor: evaluate as appropriate with reference to the "excellent" evaluation standard.
Comprehensive evaluation
reading comprehension
1。 Paul's "rotten boots" are very hard-working and diligent. 2. Persevere in the dialogue with the chef beside the marching stove.
(2) 1. The meeting place, the number of people attending the meeting, the crowded degree of the meeting place, the atmosphere of the meeting place after pankratov's speech, and the fact that most members unanimously condemned the betrayal of the escapers. 2. The voice, arrogance, dress and ugliness of fugitives; Pankratov severely criticized it, his stern eyes. 3. It sets off the atmosphere, reveals the mental outlook of the characters, profoundly reflects the ideological struggle within the construction team, and effectively expresses the theme.