A complete collection of business etiquette in various countries

Singapore etiquette

(1) Basic overview

Singapore * * * is the official name of Singapore, located at the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula, with an area of 6 18 square kilometers and a population of 365,438+10,000. It is an urban island country integrating country, capital, city and island. Malay "Singapore" means "Lion City". Chinese Singaporeans account for 76% of the country's total population, and they are the only country in the world except China that is dominated by Chinese. The main religions in Singapore are Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and _ _. Malay is the national language, Malay, English, Chinese and Tamil are the official languages, and English is the administrative language.

Singapore's National Day is August 9th.

I19901013 October, Singapore and China formally established diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial level.

(2) Social etiquette

Singaporeans usually shake hands when meeting in social occasions. Due to the diversity of culture, Singaporean etiquette and customs are also diverse: China people are used to bowing or bowing; Malays, on the other hand, touch their hands. Singaporeans place special emphasis on smiling faces and politeness.

The Singapore government emphasizes that "it is untenable if you don't learn manners" and has specially compiled a courtesy manual.

(3) dress etiquette

Singaporeans' national costume is a shirt printed with Hu Jihua patterns, which is worn on important occasions.

In government affairs and business contacts, Singaporeans dress solemnly. Men usually wear white long-sleeved shirts, dark pants and ties; Women wear suits. Many public places are usually closed to people who dress too casually.

Different ethnic groups have their own characteristics in daily wear: China people wear robes, trousers, dresses or cheongsam, Malays wear "Balu" and sand cages, Sikhs wrap their heads, and women wear saris.

(D) Catering etiquette

Singapore's eating habits are often influenced by Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan and Shanghai. Taste light and sweet; On the other hand, Malays do not eat pork, dog meat, dead animals and animal blood, shellfish and alcohol. Indians never eat beef. Malays and Indians don't use knives, forks and chopsticks when eating. Instead, I am used to grabbing food directly with my right hand and avoiding eating with my left hand.

Most China people in Singapore like drinking tea.

(5) Custom taboos

Orchid "Jin Zhuo &; Middot Bandaran (Hu Jihua) is the national flower of Singapore, and most Singaporeans like red very much. White is also generally optimistic as a symbol of purity and virtue. Singapore's national flag consists of red and white.

In daily life, Chinese Singaporeans pay great attention to traditional folk customs, so they should be modest and respectful when talking with Singaporeans. Most Chinese in Singapore stress "face" and have a strong "local concept". Singaporeans generally pay attention to social morality.

Germany

Germans usually get up early in the morning, about 7 o'clock. The custom of German businessmen should be a three-piece suit and a vest. You'd better wear a hat when traveling to the north. Before 10 in the morning and after 4: 00 in the afternoon, it is not appropriate to make an appointment by contract. Business hours, five working days a week, usually from 9 am to 5 pm, with 1 hour lunch time.

Try to speak German when you speak, or bring an interpreter. Most businessmen can speak some English, but using German will make each other happy. Try shaking hands as a gift. Shake hands with your right hand and extend generously. Address each other with "Mr" and "Ms". If the other person is in a high position, you must reach out first and then shake hands with him. Most people put on and take off their coats for you, so you might as well accept and say "thank you". If there is an opportunity, you can also put on and take off your coat for him or others.

German businessmen don't want to waste time, so they should get familiar with the problems first and get to the point.

Russia

Russian businessmen have the duality of indifference and enthusiasm peculiar to Russians. When businessmen communicate for the first time, they are often very serious and polite. When they meet or say goodbye, they usually shake hands or hug to show their friendship.

Russian businessmen attach great importance to their business cards, and generally do not distribute their business cards easily unless they are sure that the other party's identity is credible or the business partner will hand them over. In business negotiations, Russian businessmen pay great attention to the behavior details of their partners. When standing, hold your chest and abdomen; Don't shake your legs when you sit down.

Many Russian businessmen are old-fashioned, stubborn and inflexible. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain peace and tranquility in the negotiations, not to make an ultimatum easily, and not to think about a quick decision.

Russian businessmen believe that the quality and use of goods are the most important, and buying and selling goods that can attract and satisfy consumers' general purchasing power is a good way to make money.

Most Russian businessmen are slow and elegant in doing business. Therefore, they should wear solemn and conservative suits in business contacts, preferably not black. Russians prefer gray and cyan. Whether the clothes are elegant or not is not only the embodiment of the status in the eyes of Russian businessmen, but also one of the main judging signs of whether this business is important or not.

United States of America

When Americans meet guests, they usually shake hands as gifts. They are used to holding hands tightly, looking at each other squarely and bending slightly. When shaking hands with guests in social occasions, there are some habits and rules: if two people are of the opposite sex, wait until the woman reaches out first, and then the man reaches out and shakes hands; If they are of the same sex, usually older people should reach out to young people first, people with high status should reach out to people with low status, and the host should reach out to guests. Their other etiquette is the kissing ceremony, which is a kind of etiquette when they are very familiar with each other.

Most Americans believe in Protestantism and Roman Catholicism, followed by Judaism, Orthodox Christianity and Islam, while Hinduism and Buddhism have only a few followers.

Americans are afraid of "13", "Friday" and "3" and think these numbers and dates are symbols of bad luck and disaster. They are afraid that someone will stick out their tongue at him and think this behavior is an insult; They hate bats and think it is a symbol of vampires and demons; Americans also have three taboos: first, you should not ask his age; Second, they should not be asked about the price of things; Third, they shouldn't say, "You are fat!" " ; They taboo same-sex people dancing together; Taboo black; Especially avoid giving cheap gifts with your company logo; They avoid giving women perfume, clothes and cosmetics; Because American women have the habit of making up, service personnel are not welcome to send fragrant towels to wipe their faces; They don't like people putting food on their plates and think it's impolite.

In Kansas, USA, citizens are not allowed to eat snake meat on Sundays, and offenders will be imprisoned. In Lake Winona, Indiana, it is forbidden to eat ice cream at the counter on Sundays. In New Jersey, if someone slurps while eating soup in a restaurant, they will be detained by the police. According to the law of Hotelu, Nebraska, it is illegal for hairdressers to eat onions between 7 am and 7 pm. In Gary, Indiana, it is forbidden to take the tram or go to the cinema for four hours after eating garlic.

Vietnamese etiquette

(1) Basic overview

The official name of Vietnam is the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, which is located in the east of Indochina Peninsula, with a total area of 329,556 square kilometers and a population of 79.73 million. It consists of more than 60 ethnic groups, including Vietnamese (also known as Jing), Miao, Yao, Khmer and China. The main religions are Buddhism and Catholicism, the official language is Vietnamese, and the capital is.

Vietnam's National Day is September 2nd.

1950 65438+1October 18, Viet Nam established formal diplomatic relations with China at the ambassadorial level.

(2) Social etiquette

Vietnamese pay attention to politeness, treat people with courtesy, and shake hands with people as a gift. Ethnic minorities adopt their own traditional etiquette. When they are matched by their first names, Vietnamese people are used to being matched by their first names, not by their surnames. When calling each other by their first names, they usually only call each other by the last word.

(3) dress etiquette

Vietnamese people wear simple and practical clothes, including plain shirts, dark pants, hats and sandals. Wear suits, skirts and leather shoes in government affairs or business activities.

(D) Catering etiquette

The staple food of Vietnamese is rice and potatoes. The taste is light, like raw, cold, sour and sweet. Ethnic minorities in Vietnam also have some taboos in diet. For example, Yao people don't eat dog meat, Mang people don't eat muntjac meat, ChangCopernicus people don't eat pork, Garfield people don't eat beef and so on.

Vietnamese people like to use peanut oil, big oil, fish sauce, drink tea, coffee and all kinds of sour soup, and chew betel nut.

(5) Custom taboos

Vietnamese regard peach blossom as the national flower, like bamboo and dogs. Love red, think red is auspicious.

Vietnamese are very particular about cleanliness. Take off your shoes before entering the house and wash your feet if necessary.

Dai, Yao and Lao people also taboo the use of white mosquito nets and white quilts, and think white is unlucky.

France

The French cherish interpersonal relationships very much. It is said that business is the same, and they will not do big business with you without making friends.

It is advisable to wear a conservative suit when conducting business activities in France, and make an appointment when visiting public and private units. Etiquette requires you to list your identity on your business card. Decisions are made slowly in the negotiation process.

French businessmen are conservative and reserved, especially in small cities like Lyon or Bordeaux. You must be very formal. Don't forget to shake hands everywhere. Better shake hands more often. Don't ask about each other's family. The French are also very sensitive to "trade secrets".

French people are considered to have the following characteristics in trade negotiations: 1. Extremely firm position; 2. Insist on using French in negotiations; 3. Obviously prefer horizontal negotiation. In other words, they like to draw an outline for the agreement first, then reach an agreement in principle and finally determine all aspects of the agreement.

Spain

According to the business habits and customs of Spanish businessmen, it is recommended that you wear a conservative suit, white shirt and conservative tie at all times. In Spain, people usually dress up for dinner or go to the theater at night.

In Spain, business and things are inseparable. Whenever possible, guests should provide or introduce samples of products or services to their hosts. Businessmen who go to Spain should wear black leather shoes during office hours. Spaniards have a very positive attitude towards business. When negotiating, the person who comes forward to negotiate also has the absolute decision, so we must send quite a few people to negotiate in business negotiations, otherwise, they will ignore it.

You must make an appointment in advance when visiting the company. It is best to hold business cards in Spanish and Chinese to facilitate meeting and negotiation. When Spanish friends meet, men usually hug each other's shoulders, and women gently hug and kiss their cheeks. When you meet and say goodbye in business activities, you must bow your head and shake hands as a gift.

Many Spanish businessmen do not know what "punctuality" means. They arrived at the office in the morning 1 1 and no one was seen at lunch. They don't return to the office until 4-5 pm and often work until 8-9 pm.

Spanish names consist of father's name and mother's name, so you can only use your father's name in conversation. If you are unfamiliar, you'd better ask, "What should I call you?" In order to show politeness, it is best to add a professional title or title to the business card. From June 65438 to June of the following year, it is most suitable for visiting.

Canada

When Canadians introduce friends in social situations, the hand posture is that the arms are slightly extended, the palms are up, and the fingers are close together, not referring to people; Canadians like to compare the words "V" or "OK" with their fingers. In public, Canadians hate people who rush to interrupt and push people with their hands when talking; They don't like people staring at them all the time; Canadians never pick their hair in front of people or clean the dirt under their nails.

When you are engaged in business activities in Canada, you should generally introduce yourself when you meet for the first time, and hand in your business card at the same time as your oral introduction. When giving gifts in business activities, it is best to give exquisite handicrafts with national characteristics. Dress neatly and solemnly in formal negotiations.

Mexico

The most common etiquette used by Mexicans in social situations is hugging and shaking hands. When Mexicans meet acquaintances, relatives, friends or lovers, it is usually kisses and hugs.

The vast majority of Mexicans believe in Catholicism and a few believe in Protestantism. Mexicans taboo "13" and "Friday", thinking that these are unlucky and terrible numbers and dates; They taboo kissing or kissing hands between unfamiliar men; They regard it as indecent that "men wear short skirts and women wear trousers" in public places, and think that "men wear suits and women wear long skirts" is reasonable; They are afraid of being given yellow flowers and red flowers, thinking that yellow means death and red flowers will bring bad luck to people; They are jealous of bats and their patterns and artistic modeling, and think that bats are vampires, giving people the impression of being fierce and cruel; They are afraid of purple and think that purple is an ominous color, and only coffins will be painted with this color.

Business etiquette in different countries

Etiquette in Southeast Asia: When negotiating business with Southeast Asian businessmen, Yanji crossed her legs and even dangled the soles of her shoes. Otherwise, it will arouse the antipathy of the other party, and the trade fair will be ruined immediately.

Middle Eastern Etiquette: Businessmen from Arab countries in the Middle East often discuss trade in cafes. When you meet them, you should drink coffee, tea or cold drinks. Yanji wants to drink, smoke, talk about women and take photos, not talk about the political situation in the Middle East and international oil policy.

Russian etiquette: Russia and eastern European countries are extremely enthusiastic about the courtesy of western businessmen. When talking about trade with Russians, don't call them "Russians", call them "Russians".

British Taboos: There are three taboos in negotiating trade in Britain: 1. Avoid wearing striped ties (because striped ties may be considered as imitating military or student uniforms; 2. Avoid treating the family affairs of the royal family as a joke of conversation; 3. Don't call English English, call English more.

French etiquette: When Yan Ji talks about trade in France, he talks too much about personal affairs. Because the French don't like to talk about the privacy of family and personal life. Bogey: 13, crane, yellow, dark green.

Spanish etiquette: food is the most important thing for people. 1:30 & amp； Mdash4 lunch time. 5-6 meals a day. Earrings are important. Topic: politics, sports, tourism, art and business attach great importance to certificates. A: Pomegranate flower.

South American etiquette: In order to do business in South America, people should wear dark clothes, have intimate conversation and intimacy, and avoid wearing light clothes and talking about local political issues.

German etiquette: German businessmen attach great importance to work efficiency. Therefore, when negotiating trade with them, Yanji either chats about God or talks about complications. Businessmen in northern Germany attach great importance to their titles. When they warmly shake hands with them again and again and call them titles again and again, he is bound to be particularly happy.

Swiss etiquette: if you send a letter to a Swiss company, the recipient should write the full name of the company, and Yan Ji should write the name of the company employee. Because, if the recipient is not here, this letter will never be opened. Swiss people worship companies with a long history. If your company was built before 1895, you should emphasize it in your work certificate or business card.

Finnish etiquette: When negotiating with Finnish businessmen, you should pay attention to shaking hands and calling the other party manager. The negotiation place is mostly in the office, but generally not at the banquet. After the negotiation is successful, Finnish businessmen usually invite you to family dinners and steam baths. This is a very important etiquette. If you are invited to dinner, don't be late, and don't forget to send five or seven (even) flowers to the hostess. Before the host makes a formal toast, the guests should not drink by themselves first. When talking freely, you should avoid talking about local political issues.

American manners: When negotiating with Americans, you don't have to shake hands and be polite. Trade negotiations can go straight to the point, even at breakfast. Don't touch children and dogs casually. Do business before making friends, and be brave in arguing with Americans. Modesty is your greatest enemy. Avoid talking about political issues. Bogey: Bai Baihe, don't accept towel to wipe your face.