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As we all know, communication is the basic requirement of human survival. Children's social communication, especially with peers, is a social need of children, a need of children's growth and personality development, and a process of children's personality socialization. Through communication, children can understand the normal relationship between people, learn social morality and deal with the relationship between people, and also develop their ability of behavior regulation and social activities to help children gradually form social behaviors that meet social requirements, which is completely consistent with the goal of early childhood education in the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial). The first point of the educational goal in the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) is to "make children like to participate in games and various beneficial activities, and get happiness and self-confidence in activities." The second point is "willing to associate with people, polite, generous and friendly." The third point is "knowing right and wrong and being able to act according to basic social behavior rules." The realization of these three educational goals needs to enhance children's communicative competence. If children lack the necessary communication, their psychology and personality will be hindered, and they will gradually become timid, withdrawn, taciturn, inaccessible and lack social communication skills, which will lead to their social withdrawal and difficulty in adapting to real life. Therefore, cultivating children's communicative competence is of great significance to their lives. How to cultivate children's communicative competence has become a problem that kindergarten teachers must face directly.
Below I will simply talk about how to cultivate children's communicative competence through some analysis.
First, create a communicative environment for children, so that children can improve their communicative competence in a good environment.
From the perspective of pedagogy, children's communicative competence can only be exercised in a good environment and more communicative practice. According to infant psychology, children who have just entered kindergarten often have fear, anxiety and anxiety about strange environments and strangers, which are characterized by being withdrawn, timid and unsociable. In view of this situation, kindergarten teachers should provide children with communication environment and opportunities, eliminate their anxiety and adapt to kindergarten life as soon as possible. And creating a good communication environment is divided into the following two aspects:
1. Create a free, relaxed and happy spiritual environment.
In many kindergartens, there is still a common phenomenon: the lack of emotional communication between teachers and children. In the interaction, teachers are in a dominant position, controlling the development direction and speed of interaction, while children are in a passive position, which makes the interaction between teachers and children form a situation of high control, high restraint, high dependence and high obedience. This unequal relationship has seriously affected the development of young children. In this case, some children are afraid to say anything. Thus causing obstacles to language communication. Only by developing more open activities and creating a positive and healthy spiritual environment for children can the relationship between teachers and students be equal, harmonious, mutual trust and mutual acceptance. Only in this way can children freely express their inner feelings, communicate freely and act independently. Teachers should give children more tolerance, encouragement and support, so that children can enhance their self-confidence and become talkative in a relaxed and harmonious communication environment.
Dare to speak.
2. Create an open and rich material environment.
Creative and colorful environment can stimulate children's desire to "talk" with the environment, so that children can actively participate in various activities and communicate with the surrounding world. So now many kindergartens are emphasizing the environment, including the production of classroom walls and ceilings, which is the reason. But I don't think this is enough. The creation of environment should not be limited to the labor of adults, but also let children interact with the environment by participating in the creation of environment. Our kindergarten always encourages children to make some handicrafts and then decorate the classroom. When children see what they have done, they will naturally have more impulses and desires to say. In addition, the creation of creative games can provide children with a variety of social roles and let them simulate a small society for simple interpersonal communication.
Second, lead by example, encourage in time, and let children experience the fun of communication.
1. Other children's role models
A part of Principles of Pedagogy is devoted to analyzing the role of role models, and educational experts believe that the role of role models in inspiration and guidance is very great. This part of the principle also applies to young children. With the growth of age and the understanding of the surrounding things, children begin to understand the meaning of friends, and there are bound to be many performances in the interaction with their peers. Teachers should seize the bright spot of children, set an example, actively encourage children, affirm their progress, communicate with children the happiness of being with friends, let children experience the fun of interacting with others and establish confidence in communication.
2. Adult role models.
(1) Teachers play an important role in children's minds. Their words and deeds have become role models for children, and children will especially imitate them. Therefore, teachers should establish good interpersonal relationships such as sincerity, friendship, equality and mutual assistance, so that children can be subtly educated in watching and imitating adult communication.
(2) Parents' words and deeds also play a great role in children's growth. As parents, in addition to working hard outside, uniting colleagues, we must live in harmony with our neighbors. At home, we must first adjust the family atmosphere, and the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law respect and love each other, so that children can form the communication thought of "being kind to others" and guide their actions.
Third, start with details, small things, and improve children's communicative ability through the cultivation of some details.
1. Teach children communication skills.
In fact, many children have a desire to communicate with others, but often due to improper communication methods, communication can not continue, and even bad behaviors such as fighting appear, so communication also requires certain skills. First of all, children should be taught to communicate with others in language, such as "Thank you", "You're welcome", "Sorry", "Never mind", "Please sit down", "You play first, I'll play later" and "Let's play together". These words are very effective. Secondly, teach children to wait and share, treat others enthusiastically and actively in communication, try to solve difficulties and contradictions by themselves, and gradually learn to communicate with others and make friends.
2. Teach children to communicate with others with expressions and actions.
Modern education tells us that the forms of education should be diversified. Children often don't have to communicate in words, but they can use different expressions and actions. Therefore, training to improve children's communication skills can also be arranged in various forms. For example, children can be arranged to move.
Make a competition with facial expressions. In this silent communication process, children experience the methods and fun of communicating with people with expressions, actions and gestures. In this activity, children learn how to communicate, cooperate and coordinate with others. The enthusiasm and initiative of participating in various activities in the future have also been greatly improved.
3. Choose course content from children's life experiences.
This is something learned from children. The principles of pedagogy and psychology both point out that only by choosing colorful, vivid and interesting materials from children's familiar real life can children's desire for learning and expression be stimulated. If you do the theme activity of "cars", the teacher can invite children to the road first, observe the cars coming and going, and then organize discussions. Because cars are indispensable means of transportation in modern urban life, this is a topic that children are very familiar with. Therefore, in the activity, children are willing to observe and explore, and the atmosphere is very active, which greatly stimulates the enthusiasm of children to communicate. We once held a car model competition, which was very popular with children.
4. Encourage children to be independent and let them develop in the process of opening up.
This is from the children's daily learning activities. Only by paying more attention to children's autonomous learning, liberating children's eyes, brain, hands, mouth, space and time, and letting children discover problems, collect data and find answers by themselves in the process of operation, experiment and inquiry, can children's expression ability and communication ability be truly improved. Our kindergarten has been doing a research topic of multiple intelligences. There is an activity called "ups and downs". Teachers provide children with various experimental materials, such as plastic molding, magnets, building blocks, nails, soda cans and so on. Let the children do their own experiments to see what floats on the water and what sinks and record their findings. After the first round of experiments, the teacher asked this question again: "Can you find a way to make the heavy things float and the floating things sink?" This kind of open question aroused the children's enthusiasm for further exploration. The children found the principle of ups and downs through many experiments, explorations and discussions. Finally, children share their findings and successful experiences with their peers. In this process, teachers let children actively explore, fully express their opinions, and combine independent thinking with cooperative learning, so that every child can actively participate in the learning process and actively discuss and communicate, which not only exercises the learning ability, but also promotes the communication and interaction between teachers and students and peers.
5. Use praise and rewards.
The role of praise in modern education is well recognized. For some children with poor communication skills, in any activity, teachers should pay attention to discovering the child's progress and praise and reward him timely, accurately and appropriately in the collective. Because the teacher has a respectful, caring, positive and recognized attitude towards the child, the child has a strong "learning psychology". Slowly, he will think that he will "do it himself" and other children in the class will take the initiative to approach him and play with him.
6. Family synchronous education to strengthen children's communication skills.
Kindergarten teachers should pay attention to family ties, so that families and kindergartens can form a joint force of education and training. Teachers should help parents to establish a correct concept of children's education, create a good communication environment for children at home, and further cultivate and strengthen children's communication ability. Kindergarten teachers can publicize the importance of cultivating children's communication skills to parents through parents' open days and parent-teacher conferences. They can also introduce the methods and information about cultivating children's communication skills to parents in a purposeful and planned way through different forms, and can also organize parents to tell their own experiences and experiences to improve children's educational ability and training skills. As long as families cooperate closely and through colorful communication activities, children will gradually overcome the obstacles of communication and their communication ability and quality will be strengthened and improved.
Carnegie, an American psychologist, believes that success is equal to 30% talent and 70% interpersonal relationship. It can be seen how important it is to cultivate people's communication skills. Contemporary children are the masters of 2 1 century, and the new century has higher requirements for the new generation. They should not only have a high IQ mind, a healthy body and mind, but also have the communication skills needed to adapt to the development of modern society. May parents and teachers all over the world attach importance to the cultivation of children's communicative competence, so that children can become the darling of the 2 1 century.