After reading "Sophie's World", there are two things that the more I think about them, the more magical they become, and the more awe-filled my heart becomes: the starry sky above my head and the moral code in my heart. - Immanuel Kant When I closed the book "Sophie's World", I really admired the author - Jostan Judd. He cleverly borrowed Berkeley's philosophy of "spirit" - the world around us and our lives all exist in the heart of God, and controlled Sophie's world. This makes this philosophical history book about Western philosophy even more mysterious and philosophical. "Who are you?" "Where does this world come from?" These two questions open the door to philosophy. When real people are busy with daily necessities and troubled by the severe employment situation, who stops to think about this question, a question that still has no answer but remains a problem. Albert said to Sophie: If the universe is compared to a rabbit conjured by a magician, human beings are microorganisms living deep in the rabbit's fur, enjoying comfort, while philosophers always try to climb up along the rabbit's fine hairs. , in order to see clearly what the magician looks like. This group of philosophers are full of curiosity about the world and full of doubts about themselves. They think about ways to explain things that happen in their lives. How did things come about? Thales said that water is the source of all things, Heracles said that reason is the source of all things, Empedocles said that all things are composed of four basic elements... Now with the development of natural science, we can easily steal from books The concept of "elementary particles", but in ancient societies, they only used their senses and brains to come up with the concept that "nothing comes from nothingness". What is the relationship between what you see with your eyes and what you think in your mind (that is, the relationship between "matter" and "consciousness" discussed in philosophy)? Plato proposed the "world of ideals" Aristotle, "Nothing is innate Concept" Hegel's, "Materialism"... These are all philosophers' discussions of the world! Use your own wisdom and knowledge to critically inherit other people's arguments. Wouldn't it be wonderful to communicate like this? Even if their theory is not completely correct, it is still their explanation of the world. We have never had any definite data about where the world came from, so we can never get a satisfactory answer because our reason no longer functions. But philosophers are like this. Even though they know this, they will still ask again and again, trying their best to answer these difficult questions. Maybe this is their cuteness and charm! We, the little ones living in this huge universe, are like interstellar dust, appearing so insignificant. It’s not surprising why so many people believe in God. The universe brings us too many secrets that we can’t fathom, so some people choose to place their curiosity on an ethereal object. When you look up at the starry sky, you can't see the boundary of the sky. With the help of great scientific equipment, the more you see the infinite size of the stars, the smaller you seem to be. The more you understand it, the more you respect it. Is this the charm of philosophy? Dear humans, do you feel it? Chen Weidan, Team 36 of the Public Security and Coast Guard Academy

After reading "Sophie's World" "Sophie's World" is a junior philosophy book about a 14-year-old girl Sophie who came home from school one day The discovery of a letter sent by a mysterious philosophy mentor started her path to study philosophy. Along with Sophie's experience, a series of philosophical history and philosophical thoughts took root in my heart, which also aroused my curiosity and thinking about the mysteries of this world. The whole book is very long. It took me more than two months to read it. It contains a lot of content. I remember very little about the development process of the history of philosophy, but the author's unique ideas left a lasting impression on me. Very impressed. After reading the first few chapters, I thought the protagonists of the book were Sophie and her philosophy teacher Albert. The further I read, the weirder it became. It was only at the philosophy banquet on Sophie’s fifteenth birthday that I gradually realized , the real protagonists of this book are Sid and her major father, while Sophie and Albert are just characters created by the author of this book and created by Sid’s father, Major. The major created these two people and their experiences. Written as a book as a birthday present for my daughter Sid.

The strange thing is that under the Major's writing, Sophie and Albert gradually felt the existence of this creator and knew that their fate was in his hands. So through their own efforts, they finally escaped from the Major's control. , achieved success. This idea of ??the creator escaping from the arranged fate makes me feel very subtle, and I even feel that my thinking is slightly distorted. I have been instilled with the idea a long time ago that philosophy books are very boring and difficult to chew, so this is my first attempt to read philosophy books, but it surprised me and aroused my thinking and interest. Sophie's World written by the Major in the book is certainly a history of the development of philosophy, but it has inspired me a lot. I think the author's well-intentioned conception may be to tell us more intuitively about reality and illusion. In fact, there are no boundaries. And who are we, who are we, do we really exist, or are we just illusions controlled by a greater individual like Sophie and Albert? Everything is like a mystery.

But no matter what, even if we have too many puzzles, the world still exists, the earth still rotates, time still passes, and it starts over and over... Maybe this is philosophy! The well-known writer Nanfang Shuo commented on this book like this: In the novel part of "Sophie's World", Sophie's subjective consciousness process is quite like a detective story plus a modern version of Alice in Wonderland, philosophy plus detective, plus fantasy. Coupled with the view of the universe, it makes people open-minded. Isn't this the most classical definition of philosophy and love for wisdom? "Yes, although I was not able to understand some of the contents in the book very deeply when I first came into contact with philosophy, nor could I understand it as well as Mr. Nan. That's a profound evaluation, but I feel that it has awakened my curiosity about the world and my thinking about the ultimate meaning of life. This is indeed a good book!

Reflections after reading "Sophie's World"

"Sophie's World" is a junior philosophy book. It tells the story of a 14-year-old girl Sophie who came home from school one day and found a A letter sent by a mysterious philosophy tutor started her path to study philosophy. With Sophie's experience, a series of development processes in the history of philosophy and philosophical thoughts took root in my heart, which also aroused my interest in this subject. Curiosity and thinking about the mysteries of the world.

The whole book is very long. It took me more than two months to read it. There is a lot of content. I remember the development process of the history of philosophy. There are very few, but the author's original conception left a very deep impression on me. After reading the first few chapters, I thought that the protagonists of this book were Sophie and her philosophy teacher Albert, and the further down, the weirder I felt. , it was not until the philosophy banquet on Sophie’s fifteenth birthday that I gradually realized that the real protagonists of this book are Sid and her major father, while Sophie and Albert are just characters written by the author of this book. Characters created by Major, the father of Germany. The major created these two people and their experiences and wrote a book as a birthday gift for his daughter Sid. What is strange is that in the major’s writing, Sophie and Albert They also gradually felt the existence of this creator and knew that their destiny was in his hands. So through their own efforts, they finally escaped from the major's control and achieved success. This kind of escape from the fate arranged by the creator The concept makes me feel very subtle, and I even feel that my thinking has been slightly distorted.

I was instilled with the idea a long time ago that philosophy books are very boring and difficult to chew, so this is my first I tried to read a philosophy book once, but it surprised me and aroused my thinking and interest. The world of Sophie written by the major in the book is certainly a history of the development of philosophy, but it inspired me But there are many. I think the author's well-intentioned conception may be to tell us more intuitively that there is actually no boundary between reality and illusion. And who are we, who are we, whether we really exist, or are we just like Su Fei, like Albert, is just an illusion controlled by a greater individual. Everything is like a mystery. But no matter what, even if we have too many mysteries, the world still exists and the earth still rotates. Time still passes, and it goes round and round... Maybe this is philosophy!

The well-known writer Nanfang Shuo commented on this book: "In the novel part of "Sophie's World", Sophie's subjective consciousness process is quite similar. Detective stories add a modern version of Alice in Wonderland, philosophy plus detectives, fantasy, and a view of the universe. It makes people open-minded. Isn’t this the most classical definition of philosophy and wisdom? Yes, although I am new to philosophy. I still can't understand some of the contents in the book very deeply, nor can I make a profound evaluation like Mr. Nan, but I feel that it has awakened my curiosity about the world and my thinking about the ultimate meaning of life. This is indeed A good book!

Reflections after reading "Letters from the Family of Zeng Guofan" Liu Zhenming Zeng Guofan is an important historical figure in modern Chinese history. He is known as the "first famous minister" in the late Qing Dynasty. Later generations praised him as "the perfect person through the ages". "person", "official model". He purified the political style, advocated Western learning, and initiated the "Tongzhi ZTE", which allowed the Qing Dynasty to prolong its collapse for another 60 years. No one can imitate his achievements, and his works and thoughts have also had a profound influence and benefited future generations. . Zeng Guofan is a famous figure in modern China. He is one of the main idols worshiped by many people from officials in the Qing Dynasty to modern times. In his youth, Mao Zedong once said: "If you are fooled by your neighbors, you will only obey Zeng Wenzheng." Chiang Kai-shek even worshiped Zeng Guofan, believing that Zeng Guofan's conduct as a human being "is enough to be our teacher." Before his death, Chiang Kai-shek repeatedly warned him. The eldest son, Chiang Ching-kuo, wanted to study Zeng Guofan throughout his life.

This shows the great influence of Zeng Guofan. Zeng Guofan's thoughts on family education are mainly reflected in the letters he wrote home to his sons Jize, Ji Hong, and his brothers. There are more than 330 family letters of Zeng Guofan, which is the largest number of family letters preserved in history. The Zeng family has always been very strict and organized in running the family. Zeng Guofan was influenced by his family tradition, and he was very strict with his children and taught them earnestly. There are many merits in his guiding ideology of family education. At Home The book makes people feel that he is a father who is very strict in the study and education of his children. In many of his letters to his family, he asked his sons to send him daily calligraphy exercises, poems and other works to read. Then, he would provide guidance based on their learning situation. He pointed out that "reading should be specialized, and practicing calligraphy should be constant." He is also a loving father. Once his son was ill for a long time and could not recover. In his letter, he asked carefully whether he was taking any medicine and what kind of medicine he was taking. It is also suggested that the key to good health is to exercise regularly and not just rely on taking medicine. "Walking after meals" is a good fitness method. Zeng Guofan was the best son, who could make his parents feel at ease, the best brother who taught and cared for his younger brothers and sisters, and was considerate of every detail. He was also the most benevolent father. His descendants have numerous master-level talents at home and abroad. Zeng Guofan's tutor may have given the answer. He said: "Everyone hopes that their descendants will be high officials. I don't want to be high officials. I want to be gentlemen who are educated and sensible." Compared with Zeng's tutoring, it is not difficult to find that our educational goals have deviated. We have paid too much attention to the education of "talent" and neglected the education of "morality". What is a "gentleman" as Zeng Guofan calls it? Sima Guang has made a conclusion in "Zi Zhi Tong Jian": "Those who have all their talents and virtues are called saints, those who have all their talents and virtues are called fools, those whose virtues are superior to talents are called gentlemen, and those whose talents are superior to virtues are called villains." Fools are not enough of a nuisance to society, but villains are a catastrophic nuisance to society. “Since ancient times, the country’s troubled ministers and the family’s prodigal sons have been rich in talent but insufficient in virtue, so that there have been many subversives!” It is inspiring and worth pondering for us. Our students have clothes to put out their hands and food to open their mouths. Their "burden" mainly comes from learning mathematics, learning writing, learning English, and learning various specialties... Compared with Zeng's tutoring, most of our moral education remains at the level of empty talk and slogans. School education should be life education, educating children to understand the relationship between people, the relationship between parents and children, and the relationship between brothers and sisters. Only by knowing the relationship between people can they be good people. Let children understand their identity, what obligations they should fulfill, and what etiquette they should perform. This is education. The education for disciples in "Zeng Guofan's Letter to the Family" starts from life behaviors and focuses on moral cultivation. But our education today has ignored these. Some people jokingly call us a "very 6+1" relationship with our children, with 6 adults revolving around 1 child. No matter how poor you are, you still have to have rich children. As a result, many children cannot take care of themselves, do not know the hardships of life, pursue pleasure, and compare themselves to vanity. Many children are also accustomed to their central position. Everyone is for me and I am for myself, which is extremely selfish. Such children do not understand and cannot respect and love their parents. "Filial piety" is the basis of "benevolence". If they do not know how to respect and love their parents, how can they love others and the motherland. If you lose your sense of responsibility to your family, what social responsibilities will you shoulder? How can we "keep the family in order" without "cultivating ourselves" and how can we talk about "pacifying the world". His family letters emphasize life ideals, spiritual realm and moral cultivation. In a modern society where family ties between flesh and blood are becoming increasingly indifferent and neighbors and relatives are strangers, they indeed have the value of persuading people to change the secular world and are worth reading by everyone. Most official families cannot flourish for more than three generations, but the Zeng family has talented people from generation to generation. There have been a number of famous diplomats, poets, educators, scientists and senior officials such as Zeng Jize, Zeng Guangjun, Zeng Yoonong, Zeng Baosun, Zeng Xianzhi and so on. cadre. Zeng Guofan had profound intellectual qualities, and Mao Zedong praised him as a person who did both work (achieving career) and preaching (leaving behind ideas and theories). He studied diligently throughout his life, advocated Confucianism, and emphasized pragmatism in dealing with the world. He became another "Confucian master" after Confucius, Mencius, and Zhu Xi; he innovated the literary theory of the Tongcheng School, and his poems and prose presided over the Dao (Light) The literary world of the three dynasties of Xian (Feng) and Tong (zhi) dynasties can be described as "the crowning generation of moral articles".

Therefore, although Zeng Guofan had his own way in the decadent and feudal Qing Dynasty, we can also learn from his good side and apply it to our daily life, work and study to make ourselves a profound intellectual. People should make some contributions to society and the country, even if they are unknown, even if they are not passed down to generations like him, they should always repay the society and their families with a grateful heart and their modest efforts.

As the saying goes: Literature is like its people. When reading Zeng Guofan's family letters, I feel like I heard him talking in my ears. I don't see any blackness or cunning, nor do I think he is a politician. The family letters span nearly thirty years from when Zeng Guofan was first awarded an official position by a concubine in the Hanlin Academy to shortly before his death. In addition to his gradually maturing thoughts, his ambitions and interests are still the same as when he was a boy studying. He always considers himself a scholar. This determines his view of the things around him and becomes the cornerstone of his life's success. His understanding of learning, composition, history, etc., expressed in his letter, has a lot of experience worth learning for future generations. According to current terms, it means that he has very good learning methods and comprehension abilities. He was born in the imperial examination, but he deeply believed in the importance of education and placed more emphasis on flexible, generous and strong writing style. In his letters at home, he talked less about his official successes and failures, but what he always cared about were the misunderstandings he had learned when he was young, such as calligraphy, astronomy, etc. This almost became a regret in his life. At the same time, he has both official and academic skills, a broad mind, and always warns himself: to be honest as an official, humble as a person, and hard-working. He treats his younger brother and son with reason and affection, and his skills can penetrate the back of the paper, which is beyond the reach of ordinary officials. What impressed me most was his summary of the previous reading methods and effects at each stage as a person who has experienced it. His approach is positive and uplifting, deeply influenced by the Confucian spirit. I began to think that my academic accomplishments were adequate, but when I was preparing to write a book, I realized that the foundation was not solid and the coverage was narrow. It was far from the point where I could sum up the experience of my predecessors and then refine it. He pays attention to the integration of life and writing, especially emphasizing the understanding of reading and the educational role of people. He taught his son that "since ancient times, sages, heroes, and literary talents have different ambitions, but their open-minded and bright minds are roughly the same. In poetry, One must first have an open-minded and bright consciousness, and then have the interest of tranquility and harmony." "Human temperament is difficult to change due to nature, but reading can change the temperament." "If you can't understand Tao's poetry, try to use it. If you read the poem over and over again, you can see the breadth of his mind and the depth of his trust, you will know that all the saints and heroes have entered the palace." Regarding the imperial examination, he commented: Only those who are ugly will get away with it, and those who are good will never be buried. Regarding the failure of his brothers in the examination, he suggested that they find the problem within themselves instead of practicing favoritism and interceding in front of the examiner. He summarized the need to imitate and accumulate for the initial stage of learning, "the results are faster and the path is easier." Regarding general learning methods, he said that "you should read new books quickly, review old books for familiarity, practice calligraphy persistently, and write with great thought." The method of reading scriptures lies in the word "patience". If you don't understand one sentence, don't read the next sentence; the method of reading history "is inscrutable to put yourself in the place, and look at each place as if I could help the people at that time chat and laugh among them." He lamented that the age of fifteen or sixteen is a critical period for growth and study. He did not realize the meaning of liberal arts until he was thirty years old. These are all knowledge worthy of our reference and importance. In addition to reading and practicing calligraphy, Zeng Guofan also mentioned aspects such as self-cultivation and handling of interpersonal relationships. Regardless of the merits and demerits of his suppression of the Taiping Rebellion, from a personal point of view, there are very few people who have made great achievements and made famous achievements in history, but they can retire with success and start well and end well. In the turbulent political situation of the late Qing Dynasty, he came from a Han Chinese farming and studying background. To be able to achieve a first-class official position, a title or a title, not only required sufficient ability and courage, but also required insight into all aspects of life and society. These can be obtained from This can be seen in Zeng’s family letters. Even when he was a high-ranking official, he was still able to educate his son with simple concepts. "The son of Chen Daiyun's uncle-in-law, Bill was only one year older. Since he had no father or mother, his family gradually became poor, so he was diligent and studious, and he became famous at a young age. Fortunately, he had his grandfather Yu. In the shade, you have abundant food and clothing, and you are relaxed and free from worries, so you can live happily and no longer rely on studying to establish your life." When the eldest son was 23 years old, he pointed out that "I am twenty-three years old this year, and I have to work hard on my own. My father, brothers, and teachers can't do anything for me." To the younger son, he pointed out that "I grew up wealthy, but when I hear flattery, I don't hear the superintendents laugh at me." The language is so crude that one does not know it in terms of literature and science. If the situation is too smooth and there is no difficulty and stimulation, it is difficult to expect progress." He was very powerful in the capital, but he advised his family members not to be arrogant and interfere in local political affairs.

Regarding his younger brother, who is also a high-ranking official, he said: "Even if someone tries to cheat me, I will still respond to him with a vague attitude, and I will respond to him with a sincere and foolish attitude. Over time, people's intentions will disappear; if they are intrigues, and if they meet each other, they will retaliate." "There is no time for it"; "Those who have not had much money but are not proud of their children. My brothers want to leave a legacy for their ancestors and cherish the blessings for future generations. There is no other way except diligence and frugality." "At this time, the family is extremely prosperous. , it works everywhere. Once you lose power, the state of heat and coolness will make people embarrassed everywhere, so it is better to avoid it if you don’t see it or hear it.” It’s not possible.” From these words, we can feel his frankness, generosity, perseverance and stability. These are by no means so-called black and white, but are entirely positive understandings and methods. In a sense, they are similar to those of Carnegie, Napoleon Hill, etc. in modern society. Successful learning is exactly the same. An important gain from reading Zeng's family letters is that it allows readers to have a direct dialogue with him, which helps to correct the misunderstandings of certain concepts in society.