Your horse is yellow, and my horse is white. Although the colors of the horses are different, there is no difference in the hearts of the people. *** Make a tour of Yepan and walk on the streets of Luoyang. The long sword shines brightly, and the high crown is so impressive. Each has a thousand gold fur, and they are all guests of the five nobles. A tiger falls into a trap, and a strong man falls into trouble. It is of no use to know each other even in times of crisis and difficulty. ——Li Bai, Tang Dynasty, "Jun Ma Huang" Jun Ma Huang Jun Ma Huang, my horse is white.
Although the colors of horses are different, there is no separation between people's hearts.
*** Travel to Yepan and walk on the streets of Luoyang.
The long sword shines brightly, but the high crown is so impressive.
Each has a thousand gold fur, and they are all guests of the five nobles.
A tiger falls into a trap, and a strong man falls into trouble.
It is of no use to know each other even in times of crisis. Yuefu Confidant Translation and Notes
Translation
Your horse is yellow, and my horse is white. Although the colors of the horses are different, there is no difference in people's hearts. Let's have fun together and walk through the streets of Luoyang. We all carry gleaming swords at our waists, wear tall, brightly decorated hats, each have a golden coat, and we are all disciples of the Five Lords. Even tigers sometimes accidentally fall into traps, and strong men sometimes fall into danger. The friendship between brothers can only become deep and acquainted in times of crisis. What good is it if it's just one person? Appreciation
The lyrics of "The King's Horse is Yellow" from the 18th Han Yuefu drum song are: "The King's horse is yellow, the minister's horse is blue, the two horses chase the minister Ma Liang together. There is a change of things, there is ochai, there is ocher. Beauty." Returning to the south, driving and galloping, the beauty breaks my heart; returning to the north, driving and galloping, the beauty is in peace." According to the interpretation of Ming Dynasty scholar Hu Zhenheng, this is a poem that implies that friendship does not end and we go our separate ways. However, "the later generations imitated it, but it was just about chanting horses." It seems that the meaning is not understood. The poet Li Bai not only understood it, but also invented it to praise the life-and-death friendship in which friends know each other and save each other.
The first four lines of the poem are about the rising of the horse, using the different colors of the horse as a contrast to express the innocence of the human heart. The color of the horse is "yellow" and the other is "white", which is in sharp contrast; the color of the horse is different from the human heart, and they complement each other. The next two sentences follow the previous sentence, writing that "I" and my friends went out on horseback for fun, and we were both traveling on the Luoyang Road. Luoyang was the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty. The market there is prosperous and there are many scenic spots, making it a good place for traveling. The sentence "Two walks to Luoyang" not only points out the heroic nature of this trip, but also expresses the inseparable friendship. This is like the friendship between Li Bai and Du Fu: in March of the third year of Tianbao (744), after Li Bai offended Gao Lishi and was released from the Hanlin Academy, he visited Luoyang once. Du Fu was also in Luoyang at that time. So the two great poets met. From then on, they formed a "brotherly" friendship. The following year, Du Fu wrote in Qizhou the poem "Looking for Fan Shi and Living in Seclusion with Li Twelve Bai": "Drunk in sleep in the autumn, walking hand in hand with the sun." Although that was a scene of the two of them traveling together, but It can also be imagined that when they first met in Luoyang, they hit it off and felt like brothers.
In order to exaggerate the prominence of the characters, the next two sentences also describe their clothes and accessories: wearing long swords, shining brightly; wearing high red crowns, very dazzling. Such decoration not only expresses the external beauty, but also reveals their extraordinary spiritual world. The patriotic poet Qu Yuan said in the poem "Nine Chapters: Crossing the River": "Lu Lixi with a long sword, Cui Wei with a crown cutting into the clouds." The reason why he "likes this strange costume" is because he has faith in the wabi, which is not tolerated. In this world, it is very different from fashion to show that it is transcendent and unconventional. Li Bai and Qu Yuan have been in the same tune for thousands of years, so their admiration is also similar.
"Each has a lot of money, and both are guests of the five nobles." The two sentences, one written from the perspective of economics and the other from politics, are intended to express their unusual social status. The above two sentences illustrate that they have rich family assets and solid backing.
"When a tiger falls into a trap, a strong man falls into a trap." The two sentences paraphrase a friend who has suffered a misfortune: Just as a rushing tiger sometimes falls into a trap, so does a strong man. Temporary distress. The tiger is the king of beasts, roaring and shaking the mountains. Even if you are in trouble, you will not lose your authority. This sentence uses a tiger as a metaphor to show that a strong man still retains his former majesty after being in trouble.
The last two sentences closely follow the poetic meaning of the previous sentence. They are not only a reply to a friend in distress, but also an expression of the poet's emotions. The phrase "We know each other in times of crisis" embodies the true love of "True friends emerge in times of crisis". As the saying goes: "When people are in trouble, they miss their relatives and friends." Only those who can be anxious about the troubles of friends are the true "friends". Therefore, the end of the poem says: If a person takes care of himself and cultivates himself, what good will it do! This sentence seems like he is asking a question or talking to himself. It is full of meaning and makes people think deeply.
Although this poem takes Yuefu as its title and describes Han affairs in the Han Dynasty, the main purpose of the poem is to use the Han Dynasty to describe the Tang Dynasty, that is, to express the poet's appreciation of acquaintance and friendship through chanting history. Praise the beautiful sentiment of friends helping each other.
This poem is in Yuefu style, which not only has a distinctive folk song color, but also incorporates the unique bold style of Li Bai's poetry. The language is bright and lively, the style is fresh and natural, and the words are full of boldness. Therefore, Gao Di said: "The poems written by Tai Tianxian are many and straightforward, so the Yuefu lyrics are salty and good." (The third volume of "Tang Shi Pin Hui" seven character ancient poems "Authentic") The creative background of this poem is to imitate ancient times. Words and writing. There is no conclusion in the academic circles regarding the time when this poem was written. One theory is that it was written in the tenth year of Emperor Xuanzong's Tianbao reign (751). In that year, Li Bai traveled north from Nanyang to Luoyang, returned to Liangyuan, traveled through the middle reaches of Hedong and Guannai Road in Ye, and wandered between Pizhou and Fangzhou. Another theory is that it was written around the time of Emperor Suzong of Tang Dynasty. In the second year of De (757), Li Lin was defeated and Li Bai was convicted and imprisoned in Xunyang. He was in a critical moment. Li Bai (701-762), courtesy name Taibai and Qinglian Jushi, was a romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty and was hailed as the "Immortal of Poetry" by later generations. His ancestral home is Longxi Chengji (to be tested). He was born in Suiye City in the Western Regions. He moved to Mianzhou, Jiannan Road with his father when he was 4 years old. Li Bai has more than a thousand poems and essays in existence, and the "Collection of Li Taibai" has been handed down to the world. He died of illness in 762 at the age of 61. His tomb is in Dangtu, Anhui today, and there are memorial halls in Jiangyou, Sichuan, and Anlu, Hubei.
Li Bai The spring blossoms compete with each other, the five colors are exquisite, the harp is still in the palace, and the new sound replaces the old one! There are mandarin ducks in Jinshui, and trees in Han Palace. These things are new, and people who lament the world are so greedy that they don’t realize it! The red string is broken, the bright mirror is missing, the morning dew is shining, the fragrance is resting, the old head is moaning, the pain is parting, try your best to eat more and don't miss the concubine, the golden water is soup, and I will say goodbye to you! ——Zhuo Wenjun of the Han Dynasty, "Farewell Book"
Farewell Book The spring flowers compete with each other, the five colors are exquisite, the piano is still in the palace, and the new sound is new!
There are mandarin ducks in the Jinshui, and trees in the Han Palace. These things are new, and people who lament the world are so greedy that they don’t realize it!
The red string is broken, the bright mirror is missing, the morning dew is shining, the beauty is resting, the old head is moaning, the pain is parting, try your best to eat more and don’t miss my concubine, the golden water is soup, and I will say goodbye to you! Lyrical, Yuefu, folk songs, love. They broke up in the tenth year of Yuanhe and moved to Sima, Jiujiang County. Next autumn, while seeing off guests at Penpukou, I heard someone playing the pipa in the boat at night. Listening to the sound, there was a clanging sound from Kyoto. When asked about the person, I was originally from Chang'an and advocated women. I tried to learn pipa from Mu and Cao, two talented people. She was old and beautiful, and she committed herself to being a wife of a Jia family. Then he ordered wine and asked him to play several songs quickly. The song ended with pity, and he recounted the joyful things in his childhood. Now he is drifting and haggard, migrating among the rivers and lakes. I have been in office for two years, and I feel at ease. I am grateful to the people who said that in the evening, I began to feel the intention of relegation. Because of the long sentences, I gave them a song, with six hundred and sixteen words, named "Pipa Xing". The Xunyang River sees off guests on the first night, and the maple leaves and flowers rustle in autumn. The master dismounted and was in the boat. He wanted to drink wine but there was no orchestra. It's too late to be drunk and happy to say goodbye. When we say goodbye, the vast river is soaked in the moon. Suddenly I heard the sound of pipa playing on the water, and the host forgot to return home. Who is asking secretly? The sound of the pipa stopped and it was too late to speak. Move the boat closer to invite each other, add wine, turn back the lights, and resume the feast. After calling for thousands of times, he came out, still holding the pipa and half covering his face. There are three or two sounds of the strings being plucked by the rotating shaft, and there is emotion before the tune is formed. The strings muffle the sounds and thoughts, seeming to complain of failure in life. (Unsatisfied, one work: Unsatisfied) The letter with low eyebrows continued the formalities, saying all the infinite things in my heart. Lightly gathered, slowly twisted and then picked, it was originally "Neon Shang" and later "Liu Mo" (Liu Mo, one work: Green waist). The big strings are as noisy as the rain, and the small strings are as loud as whispers. The bullets are noisy and mixed, and big and small beads fall on the jade plate. The orioles in Guan Guan are talking about the slippery bottom of the flower, and it is difficult to go under the ice of the Youyan Spring. The ice spring is cold and the strings are condensed, and the condensation will never pass the sound for a while. (Pause Part 1: Gradually Pause) There is no sadness and hatred. At this time, silence is better than sound. The silver vase was broken, water slurry burst out, and the cavalry stood out with swords and guns. At the end of the song, the plucked strings are carefully drawn, and the four strings sound like cracking silk. The east boat and the west boat were silent, only the white autumn moon could be seen in the middle of the river.
While he was chanting and plucking strings, he straightened his clothes and tightened his features. She said that she was originally a girl from the capital city, and her family lived under the tomb of shrimp. At the age of 13, he learned the pipa successfully and became the first member of the teaching group. Qu Ba once taught good people how to dress well, and Qiu Niang was always jealous of her makeup. The young people in Wuling are struggling with their heads, and there are countless red silk songs. The silver grate on the tin head was smashed into pieces, and the bloody skirt was stained by wine. (Yin Gate, one work: Yun Gate) This year’s laughter will return to next year’s, and the autumn moon and spring breeze will pass easily. My younger brother left to join the army and my aunt died, so the color came to me in the morning. There are few horses and pommels in front of the house, and the boss is married to a businessman. Businessmen value profit over separation. The month before last, they went to Fuliang to buy tea. We go to and from the mouth of the river to guard empty boats, and when we go around the boats, the moon shines brightly on the river, and the water is cold. Late at night, I suddenly dreamed about my youth. I cried and cried, and my eyes were red with tears. I sighed when I heard the pipa, and sighed again when I heard the words. We are both fallen people at the end of the world, so why should we have known each other before? I resigned from the imperial capital last year and was relegated to Xunyang City where I was sick. There is no music in Xunyang, a remote place, and the sound of silk and bamboo is not heard all year round. The land where I live near the Huanjiang River is low and humid, and yellow reeds and bitter bamboos grow around my house. What did you hear during the day and night? The cuckoo cries and the blood ape moans. On a spring river with flowers facing the autumn moonlight, I often drink wine alone while drinking. Are there no folk songs and village flutes? It's hard to listen to the vomiting and muttering. Tonight, hearing your pipa music makes my ears suddenly bright as if listening to fairy music. Mo Cigeng sat down and played a song, translating "Pipa Xing" for you. I feel that I have been saying this for a long time, but sitting down makes the strings turn sharply. It's so sad that it's not like the forward sound, and everyone in the house weeps when they hear it again. Who among you cried the most? Jiangzhou Sima's green shirt is wet. ——Tang Dynasty·Bai Juyi's "Pipa Xing/Pipa Yin"
Pipa Xing/Pipa Yin
Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi
In the tenth year of Yuanhe, I moved to the left Sima, Jiujiang County. Next autumn, when seeing off guests at Penpukou, I heard someone playing the pipa in the boat at night. When I heard the sound, there was a clanging sound from Kyoto. When asked about the person, I was originally from Chang'an and advocated women. I tried to learn pipa from Mu and Cao, two talented people. She was old and beautiful, and she committed herself to being a wife of a Jia family. Then he ordered wine and asked him to play several songs quickly. After the song, he pitied himself and recounted the joyful things he had done in his childhood. Now he is drifting and haggard, so he moved to Jiang.
In the tenth year of Yuanhe, he moved to the left to be Sima of Jiujiang County. Next autumn, when seeing off guests at Penpukou, I heard someone playing the pipa in the boat at night. When I heard the sound, there was a clanging sound from Kyoto. When asked about the person, I was originally from Chang'an and advocated women. I tried to learn pipa from Mu and Cao, two talented people. She was old and beautiful, and she committed herself to being a wife of a Jia family. Then he ordered wine and asked him to play several songs quickly. The song ended with pity, and he recounted the joyful things in his childhood. Now he is drifting and haggard, wandering among the rivers and lakes. I have been in office for two years, and I feel at ease. I am grateful to the people who said that in the evening, I began to feel the intention of relegation. Because of the long sentences, I gave them a song, with six hundred and sixteen words, named "Pipa Xing". Three hundred Tang poems, high school ancient poems, Yuefu, written about people's anger and resentment at the sea, people living in the sea without homes, and the elephants fishing for pearls as a new year's poem. Evil waves cross the Tianshan Mountains and block the roads, and the Weiyang Palace's treasury is always full. ——Wang Jian of the Tang Dynasty, "The Ballad of the Sea People"
The Ballad of the People of the Sea The people of the sea live in the sea without a home, and fishing for pearls like elephants is a new year's gift.
Evil waves cross the Tianshan Mountains and block the roads, and the Weiyang Palace is always full. Yuefu, caring about the country and the people, peasant life