Yan Ying (? -500 years ago) Ji was a famous politician, thinker and diplomat of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Yan Ying is the son of Wei Yan, a doctor of Qi State. In the 26th year of Qi (556 BC), he died of illness, and Yan Ying succeeded to the throne as a doctor. He has served as Qi, Zhuang Gong and other officials, assisting the imperial court for more than 50 years. He is famous for his political foresight, diplomatic ability and simple style.

Yan Zi once sent an envoy to Chu. Knowing that Yanzi was short, the King of Chu opened a five-foot hole next to the gate and invited Yanzi in. Yan Zi refused to go in, saying, "People who were sent to the dog country went in through the dog hole. Send me to Chu today, and I can't go into this cave. "

The person who greeted the guests entered the gate with Yan Zigai. Yan Zi visited the King of Chu. The king of Chu said, "Is there no one in Qi? I sent you as a special envoy. "

Yan Zi replied, "There are more than 7,000 families in Linzi, the capital of Qi State. Spreading sleeves can cover the sun and sweat all over the world. People are close together, shoulder to shoulder, toes touching heels. How can you say that there is no one in Qi? "

The king of Chu said, "In that case, why should you be sent as an envoy?" Yan Zi replied: "Qi sent envoys for different purposes. A wise envoy is given to a wise monarch, and an unscrupulous envoy is given to an unscrupulous monarch. I am the most incompetent person, and I have to go to Chu under grievances. "

The official who entertained Yan Zi had to ask Yan Zi to enter through the gate. Yan Zi adhered to the principle and was not humiliated when going abroad, thus safeguarding the dignity and prestige of Qi.

2. Tang Ju

Tang Ju was a famous counselor of Wei during the Warring States Period. Be courageous and knowledgeable, loyal to the mission, not afraid of power, dare to struggle, and dare to die for the country.

Tang Ju once sent an envoy to the State of Qin, and the King of Qin sent someone to say to Anlingjun: "I want to exchange 500 miles of land in Fiona Fang for Anlingjun, and Anlingjun must promise me!"

An Lingjun said: "The king gave you a favor and exchanged a large piece of land for a small piece, which is very good;" Even so, I accepted the fief from my late king, and I am willing to protect it all the time. I really dare not change! " The king of Qin was very dissatisfied. So Anlingjun sent Tang Ju to the State of Qin.

The King of Qin said to Tang Ju, "I traded 500 miles of land in Fiona Fang for Anlingjun, but Anlingjun didn't listen to me. Why? Besides, Qin has destroyed South Korea and Wei.

The reason why Anlingjun and Fiona Fang Wuli mutually assured destruction is because I regard Anlingjun as a loyal elder, so I don't play his mind. Now I use ten times the land of Anling to let Anling Jun expand its territory, but does he despise me against his will? "

Tang Ju replied, "No, it's not like that. A Ling Junren accepted the fief from the former king and defended it. Even a thousand miles of land can't be changed, let alone just five hundred miles? "

The king of Qin was furious and said to Tang Ju, "Have you ever heard of the anger of the Emperor?" Tang Ju replied: "I have never heard of it." The king of Qin said, "The emperor was angry, and he lost millions of corpses and bled thousands of miles."

Tang Ju said, "Has your Majesty ever heard of the anger of civilians?" The king of Qin said, "When civilians get angry, they take off their hats and walk barefoot, hitting their heads on the ground."

Tang Ju said: "This is the anger of mediocre and incompetent people, not the anger of talented and courageous people. Once upon a time, when Zhuan Xu assassinated Wu Wangliao, the tail of a comet swept across the moon, and when Nie Zheng assassinated Aimee, a white light shone directly at the sun.

When Qing Ji was about to be assassinated, the goshawk pounced on the palace. These three people are courageous people from ordinary people. Before the anger broke out in their hearts, God sent a sign.

Now, (Zhu Zhu, Nie Zheng, leaving) and I will be four people. If talented and courageous people must be angry, they will make two bodies fall five steps away and bleed. People all over the world have to wear mourning clothes. This is the case at this time. "So I drew my sword and got up to die (with the king of Qin).

The king of Qin changed his face and knelt down to apologize to Tang Ju, saying, "Please sit down, sir! How could this happen! I see: Korea and Wei perished, but Anling survived in fifty miles, just because there was a gentleman! '

Tang Ju risked his life to fight against the king of Qin, and finally shattered the plot of the king of Qin to annex Anling (Wei vassal state).

3. Lin Xiangru

Lin Xiangru (date of birth and death unknown), a native of Xiangru Village, Quyang County, Baoding City, was a famous politician and diplomat of Zhao during the Warring States Period.

In 283 BC, when Zhao Huiwen became king, the State of Zhao sealed the Heshibi of Chu. When Qin heard about this, he sent someone from Zhaodu to write a letter to Zhao Wangyi, saying that he was willing to give the prince of Zhao fifteen cities and ask him for property.

Zhao Wang discussed with General Lian Po and many ministers: He wanted to give this treasure jade to the State of Qin, but he was cheated for fear that he would not get Qin Cheng. I don't want to give it, but I'm afraid Chi will call. I can't make up my mind. I want to find someone who can be sent to reply to Qin, but I can't find him.

Zhao Huiwen summoned Lin Xiangru, and Lin Xiangru offered to take Cui to Qin. If Zhao gets the city of Qin, she will stay in Qin, otherwise, she will return to Zhao.

When Lin Xiangru arrived in Qin, he presented Choi. The king of Qin was overjoyed, but he didn't give these cities to Zhao. Lin Xiangru said that the jade had a small flaw and wanted to show it to Zhao Haoqi of Qin, so he took Baoyu back.

He said: The prince of Zhao was worried that Qin would be strong on its own and refused to give up the city to the city. After I persuaded him, he agreed Unexpectedly, the king's etiquette is simple and slow, and he has no sincerity to deliver it to the cities. Now, if the king must take Baoyu away, I'd rather smash my head on the post with Baoyu. The state of Qin had no choice but to leave the city of 15 to Zhao.

Lin Xiangru estimated that Zhao Haoqi, the king of Qin, just pretended to cope, so he suggested that he should also fast for five days and then communicate seriously. King Qin Zhao had to agree. Lin Xiangru sent his entourage to secretly return to Zhao from the path.

After Lin Xiangru returned to China, the Prince of Zhao thought that he was a capable doctor, and he was appointed as a doctor when he was sent to vassal states, and he was not humiliated.

After that, Qin did not give Zhao the city, and Zhao did not give him Choi.

Extended data:

Other diplomatic examples in history:

1, Zhang Qian to the western regions.

In the first year of Jianyuan (BC 140), Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, ascended the throne, and Zhang Qian served as a Langguan in the palace. In the third year of Jianyuan (BC 138), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty recruited envoys to send envoys to the Yue family, hoping to unite the Yue family to attack the Huns. Zhang Qian recruited them as messengers, set out from Chang 'an, was captured by Xiongnu, was trapped for ten years, and then ran away.

I went west to Dawan, passed Kangju, arrived at Dayue's home, and then went to Daxia, and stayed for more than a year before coming back. On his way home, Zhang Qian changed from South Road to Nanshan in an attempt to avoid being discovered by Xiongnu, but he got it from Xiongnu and was detained for more than a year.

In the third year of Yuanshuo (BC 126), the Huns were in civil strife, and Zhang Qian took the opportunity to escape to the Han Dynasty, and reported the situation of the western regions in detail to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who named him a doctor too much. Because of Zhang Qian's prestige in the Western Regions, the envoys of the Han Dynasty later called him Bo Wanghou to win the trust of other countries.

Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions was originally intended to carry out the strategic intention of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to unite with Da Yueshi to fight against the Huns. However, after he went to the Western Regions, the cultural exchanges between Han and Yi were frequent, and the civilization of the Central Plains spread rapidly around through the "Silk Road".

Therefore, Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions has special historical significance. Zhang Qian has made outstanding contributions to the opening of the Silk Road from China to the Western Regions, which is praised by the world.

2. Suwu Shepherd

In the first year of Tianhan (BC 100), Su Wu was ordered to go to Xiongnu as a corps commander and was detained. Xiongnu nobles repeatedly threatened to induce them to surrender; Later, he moved to Beihai (now Lake Baikal in Russia) to herd sheep, kidnapped Jeff of the Han Dynasty, and threatened to release him back to China only after the ram gave birth.

Su Wu went through hardships and stayed in Xiongnu for nineteen years. It was not until the end of the Yuan Dynasty (8 1 year ago) that it was put back to the Han Dynasty. After the death of Su Wu, Emperor Gaozu Xuan Di listed him as one of the eleven outstanding figures in Qilin Pavilion, which showed his integrity.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Yan Ying

Baidu Encyclopedia-Tang Ju

Baidu Encyclopedia-Lin Xiangru

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhang Qian to the Western Regions

Baidu Encyclopedia-Su Wu Mu Yang