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An excerpt:

Several stages of Qin Guan’s life

Young Qin Guan, a young man Period: From the first year of Huangyou to the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1049~1084)

1. Young and bold

Qin Guan, also known as Shaoyou, Yizi Taixu, also known as Huaihai Jushi, was born in Gaoyou, Jiangsu. He was born in the first year of Huangyou (1049) of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty and died in the third year of Yuanfu (1100) of Emperor Zhezong at the age of only fifty-two. Qin Guan's background is not obvious, and his father and ancestors only served as minor officials. However, he was extremely intelligent and had a photographic memory since childhood. He was influenced by his writing style and laid his literary foundation. He rose to prominence at a young age and won high reputation.

Qin Guan had a bold and arrogant personality when he was young. The original biography of Song Dynasty said that Qin Guanyun said: "The young hero is generous and generous, overflowing with writing..., strong in ambition, big and surprising." This shows his youthful character. He was bold and uninhibited, and the young Qin Guan also liked to read military strategists' books. At the age of 24, he wrote "Guo Ziyi Riding Alone to Meet the Captives", praising Guo Ziyi's bravery and invincibility: "When things are urgent, it is better to have a conspiracy. When an army is alone, it is difficult to restrain it." The usual method... So he defended all four sides and eliminated the two enemies. Although his front was not as sharp as the enemy, his force was as strong as Mount Tai. "It can be seen that Qin Guan's character was bold and ambitious in his early years, and he had great ambitions and a desire to serve the country.

2. Youth Friendship and Travel

During his early career, Qin Guan mostly worked and studied at home in his hometown of Gaoyou, preparing for the imperial examination. However, he also often traveled between Wu and Chu in the south of the Yangtze River, wandering in the beautiful mountains and waters. middle.

During this period, Qin Guan’s main travel destinations were two: one was the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong’s reign (1076), when Qin Guan, Sun Xinlao, and Shen Liaozi visited the Zhangnan elders in Li. Yangzhi Huijiyuan. Bathing in hot springs, visiting Longdong Mountain, and going to Wujiang River to visit Xiang Yu’s tomb, it’s a wonderful sight of mountains and rivers. During this trip, I collected thirty poems and wrote a piece of "Tangquan Fu" to record my whereabouts. The second was in the second year of Shenzong Yuanfeng (1079). Qin Guan went to Yuezhou to visit relatives. It happened that Su Shi moved from Xuzhou to Huzhou, so he took Su Shi's official ship to go south together, passing through Wuxi, visiting Huishan, and passing through Wuxing, where he stopped. West Guanyin Temple, visit various temples. After the Dragon Boat Festival, I bid farewell to Su Shi and went to Vietnam. In the Mid-Autumn Festival of August, I traveled to Longjing with Master Shen Liazi and Master Biancai. Later, I visited Jianhu Lake and visited Yu Temple with the governor Cheng Gongpi. They got along very well. Until the end of the year, when I was urged to return home by letters from home, Qin Guan was reluctant to leave. Returning by boat to the north, I also wrote the famous "Man Ting Fang" (Mountain Wisdom of Clouds) to describe this separation, revealing the beauty and reluctance during this period of wandering.

The third and third examinations and the first place

It is the dream of all scholars to be good at learning and then become an official. The same is true for Qin Guan. He hopes to become an official through the imperial examination. However, Qin Guan’s The road to the imperial examination was met with repeated setbacks. In the first year of Shenzong Yuanfeng (1078), Qin Guan participated in the imperial examination for the first time. He was full of expectations but failed, so he immediately "retired to the imperial examination." In Gaoyou, Du Menquesao entertained himself with poetry and calligraphy" ("Zie Guan Ming"). It can be seen that this failure was a big blow to him; the fourth year of Shenzong Yuanfeng (1081) Qin Guan took the imperial examination again, but still failed in the imperial examination. The successive failures in the imperial examination made Qin Guan feel more melancholy and depressed. He realized that "customs are not favored over Confucianism, and talents are shameful if they are not in official positions" ("Xie Ji Di Qi") Due to social reality, he had no choice but to change his attitude, study contemporary literature and submit poems to contemporary people, hoping to be recommended. Finally, in the eighth year of Yuanfeng Shen Zong (1084), he took the third imperial examination and successfully passed the imperial examination, stepping into the next level. The path to officialdom.

Official Period

Official Period: From the eighth year of Yuanfeng of Shenzong to the first year of Shaosheng of Zhezong (1085~1094)

Clique fighting It was a major political problem in the Northern Song Dynasty and a major source of unrest for the court. When Qin Guan became an official, it coincided with the increasingly fierce party struggles in the Northern Song Dynasty. Qin Guan was also involuntarily involved in this political whirlpool. Unable to extricate myself.

In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, after Qin Guan ascended to the Jinshi title, in addition to being the chief administrator of Dinghai, he was awarded the title of Professor Caizhou before taking up his post. Because he was close to Su Shi, he was regarded as an old party member. From then on, the persecution of party strife began. Uninterrupted. In the second year of Yuanyou, Su Shi and Xian Yuqian were recommended to the court as virtuous and upright, so they went to Beijing to take the exam. However, they were falsely accused of unfounded charges and were not allowed to take the exam. In the fifth year of Yuanyou, they advised the official Zhu Guangting to impeach him. Qin Guan was dismissed as a doctor of Taixue because his original name was "Botu" and his evil deeds were not the same. In the sixth year of Yuanyou, he was dismissed from the post of Zhengzi because Jia Yi slandered him for "indiscretion". Qin Guan was demoted one after another, which made Qin Guan suffer a great blow and became discouraged about politics. There is an intention to retire. In the eighth year of Yuanyou, Qin Guan was granted the title of Zuo Xuande Lang. He was also appointed as secretary of the province and editor of the National Academy of Sciences. He studied the historical facts of Emperor Shenzong and was favored. Within a few months, he was promoted one after another. This was the most important period of Qin Guan's official career. A time of smooth scenery.

Not long after he became an official, the Empress Dowager Gao passed away in the ninth year of Yuanyou, and Zhe Zong came into power. Members of the new party returned to the court one after another, and the old party was demoted one by one. Qin Guan's career of relegation began.

The period of demotion

The period of demotion: from the first year of Shaosheng to the third year of Yuanfu (1094~1100)

Yuanyoujiu In the same year, the Empress Dowager Gao Shi passed away, Zhe Zong came into power, and the political situation changed. Members of the old party were demoted from the capital. Qin Guan was also unavoidable and began his arduous journey to be demoted.

Qin Guan was first demoted to the post of general magistrate of Hangzhou because Liu Zheng, the imperial censor, accused him of tampering with the transaction and slandering the late emperor when he was rewriting the "Records of Shenzong". On the way to Hangzhou, he was demoted to Chuzhou as a wine tax supervisor. When he was serving in Chuzhou, Qin Guan studied Buddhism to relieve his depression, often talked about Zen with monks in Buddhist temples, and copied Buddhist scriptures for the monks. His poem "Qianqiu Sui" expressed his deep emotion and sorrow when recalling the happy gathering that year. From last year's melancholy to sadness:

Outside the sand by the water, the spring cold in the city retreats. The shadows of flowers are chaotic and the sound of orioles is broken. The wine cups are floating around, and the clothes are loose when we say goodbye. No one can be seen, the blue clouds and dusk are facing each other in the sky.

Recalling the gathering in the West Pond in the past, the egrets and herons flew together. Hand in hand, who is here today? The clear dreams fade away by the sun, and the beauty in the mirror changes. Spring is gone, and there are thousands of red flowers and sorrow like the sea.

The villain set up a trap and falsely accused Qin Guan of writing Buddhist books, and was convicted for it. "Song History Wenyuan Biography" says: "The envoy looked at the direction of the wind and waited for the fault. If he got nothing, he would take it as a crime to pay homage and write a Buddhist book, and move to Chenzhou with a reduced rank." Reduction in rank is the removal of all official titles, which is the most serious punishment for scholar-bureaucrats. When he was relegated to the Southern Wilderness, Qin Guan was in a sad mood and already despaired. He wrote the poem "Treading on the Shasha". Although the direct expression of "Qianqiu Sui" was replaced by Bixing, there were no words such as "Sorrow is like the sea". Deep in his heart, But it's still frustrating. Among them, "The tower is lost in the fog, the moon is lost in the river, and the Taoyuan is nowhere to be found" is the best portrayal of Qin Guan at this time. The first film creates a melancholy realm of late spring, and the three lines at the beginning, "The tower is lost in the fog, the moon is lost in the river, and the peach garden is nowhere to be found", with the words "lost", "lost" and "nothing" in succession, reveals the Huang Su's "Selected Poems of Polygonum Garden" believes that the feeling of uncertainty in the poet's heart is: "When the fog is lost and the moon is lost, it is always portrayed by slander." It can be said that it is deeply rooted in his heart. As Wang Guowei said, from "sadness" to "sadness", he sensitively pointed out the decline of his inner emotions and spiritual realm.

After Qin Guanfu arrived in Chenzhou, he immediately moved to Hengzhou for editing and management. In the ninth year of Yuanfu, he moved to Leizhou for editing and management. Seeing that he was getting farther and farther away from the capital, he could not return home for a long time. Qin Guanfu wrote his own elegy:

My hometown is thousands of miles away, and my wife is far away from home. She is a lonely soul who dares not return, and is still here with anxiety. ... Strange misfortunes happen once, and they come to nothing.

This poem expresses the misery in the heart, how can one not feel sad.

In the third year of Yuanfu (1100 AD), Zhezong died, Huizong ascended the throne, and came to the throne to the Queen Mother. The political situation changed, and many ministers moved inland. Qin Guan also ordered Xuandelang to be restored and returned to Hengzong. When traveling to Tengzhou, he went to Guanghua Pavilion and asked for water to drink. When the water arrived, he smiled and died, ending his rough life. Zhang Wenqian once wrote "Essay on Commemoration of Qin Shaoyou": "Wow! The official title is not the correct one, and the years are not as good as the next birthday. There are worries and troubles in the world, and I am scolded. I am wandering in the miasma sea, and my soldiers and servants are desolate." This is what Qin Guan lived in his life. The best portrayal, every sentence is heart-wrenching. The fate of a generation of literati was so bumpy and tortuous, and they died in a foreign land in the end, which makes future generations infinitely emotional.