Jia Dao, known as the prisoner and slave of poetry, did not like to associate with ordinary people all his life. The Biography of Talented Talents in Tang Dynasty claims that he has made friends with people outside the dust. He only likes to write poems and mourning poems and work hard on words.
all one's life
[Becoming a monk at an early age]
Jia Dao became a monk in his early years In the winter of the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), I went to Chang 'an. See you. The following spring, I went to Luoyang and visited Han Yu for the first time, and I deeply appreciated my poems. After secularization, scholars were introduced repeatedly. When he was literate, he was demoted to the main book of the Yangtze River (now Pengxi, Sichuan) because of slander. He once wrote a poem "Sick Cicada" to stab a public official (chronicle). Five years later (840), he went to Zhou Pu to join the army. Wu Zonghui Chang died in Zhou Pu in the third year (843). Jia Dao's poetry formed a school in the late Tang Dynasty, which had great influence. Zhang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, has been listed as one of the people in Qi Tang. In Qing Dynasty, Huaiming Li's "Poet's Subject-Object Diagram in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty" called him a lonely and lonely victim, and listed many disciples. In the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Sun Sheng and others respected Jia Dao very much, and even burned incense to worship his portraits and poems, which was like a miracle (Biography of Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty and Reading Records in County Zhai). Jia Dao's Collection of the Yangtze River 10, with four series widely used, was photocopied and translated in Song Dynasty. The New Collection of the Yangtze River is based on Jia's poems collected in The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty, and other books and related anthologies, anthologies and appendices, such as Chronicle of Jia Dao, Examination of Jia Dao's Friends, and Jia Dao's Poetry Review, are relatively complete.
John young, Jia Dao's hometown, was once An Lushan's lair. After the Anshi Rebellion was put down, it was occupied by the buffer region for a long time and was in a semi-isolated state. Jia Dao was born in a humble family. So his early behavior rate can't be tested. Legend has it that he tried several times before he was 30, and all failed. Frustrated and forced to make a living, he had to become a monk in Buddhism and take a dharma name instead of publishing a book. The poor family and the lonely life of meditation have cultivated his withdrawn, indifferent and introverted personality. He likes to be alone and curious, but he is lighter than wealth, and his emotions are vivid on his face, which is quite rare in the world. But he still loves to recite poems and is often carried away by the idea of good sentences. Although he sat sleeping, he kept singing. Therefore, Jia Dao is regarded as a typical poet in the Tang Dynasty.
[Consideration of origin]
On one occasion, Jia Dao rode a donkey across Chang 'an Avenue. At that time, the autumn wind was cold and the leaves were everywhere. Jia Dao's excellent poems are full of fallen leaves. Jia Dao is more attached to his family and can't get it. Suddenly, he thought of the autumn wind blowing the Wei River, and he was in heaven. Is proud, jing and Liu Qichu arrived, Jia Dao nature. He suddenly stopped the honor guard in Beijing and was arrested and locked up for one night.
On another occasion, Jia Dao rode a donkey to Li Ning's seclusion. Poetry on the Donkey's Back lived in seclusion, with few neighbors, and the grass path entered a deserted garden. The bird stayed in the tree by the pool, and the monk pushed the moon down the door. Walking across this bridge, you can see the charming scenery of Ye Yuan, and the feet of clouds seem to be moving on the floating rocks. I will leave here for a while, but I will come back and retire with my friends on the appointed date. However, it seems that the monk knocking at the door under the moon can set off the tranquility of the environment better than the monk pushing the door under the moon. Jia Dao couldn't make up his mind for a moment, so he recited poems on the donkey's back, raised his hand to discuss and tasted them again and again. As a result, he inadvertently abruptly stopped Jing Zhaoyin and Han Yu's guard of honor. As a result, Jia Dao was crowded in front of Han Yu by the guards. After Jia Dao told the story, Han Yu not only didn't blame him, but suggested that the monk should push the door and knock on the door for the monk instead. So the two of them walked side by side again, talked about poetry and became bosom friends. Later, Han Yu advised him to return to the common customs, and gave him a poem about the dead burial of Meng Jiao's North Mangshan Mountain, which made him feel carefree and afraid that the article would be muddy and Jia Dao would be reincarnated. Jia Dao is famous for it. It is also said that Jia Dao's Jinshi and the later living Buddha Dharma Gan's refined house, together with,, and so on. It is good for the piano. One day, when Emperor Xuanzong visited the temple incognito for the first time, he heard the sound of singing in the bell tower, so he went upstairs and picked up the poem on the Jia Dao case and read it. Jia Dao didn't know Xuanzong, so he grabbed him and blamed him: Lang Jun is used to eating fresh meat and wine and can't write poetry. Xuanzong quietly, silently downstairs. Later, Jia Dao knew that Tang Xuanzong had done it, so he went to the court to plead guilty. A few days later, Jia Dao was demoted as the master book of Changjiang County (now Pengxi County, Sichuan Province) in Suizhou.
The above legends are all legends. Although it is not credible, it still reflects Jia Dao's special character. According to the research of later generations, Han Yu was appointed as a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Beijing in the third year of Changqing (823) and died the following year. But the friendship between Jia Dao and Han Yu was more than 10 years ago. As early as the 6th year of Yuanhe (8 1 1), when Han Yu was appointed as the county magistrate of Henan, Jia Dao had contacts with Han Yu. Han Yu admired the reclusive poet very much. In his poem "Send the Teacher to john young", he introduced Jia Dao as a friend, saying that although Jia Dao was far away, Han Yu still didn't know the first thing. Probably in this year, Han Yu advised Jia Dao to return to the secular world out of his love for talents and backward training. Jia Dao did not give up the imperial examination, so he followed Han Yu's suggestion and returned to Fan Yang's secularization. The following year, Han Yufeng was transferred to Beijing as Foreign Minister. Soon, Jia Dao also came to Chang 'an and met Meng Jiao, Zhang Ji and others. Since then, Jia Dao has been in frequent contact with poets such as Han and Meng, singing with each other.
[Are you a scholar]
Is Jia Dao abrupt with Liu Qichu? Are you a scholar? In what year did you become a scholar? I can't pass the exam either, but it's true that my career is bumpy. Jia Dao took many exams, all of which were notorious in Sun Shan. Once, he stabbed a public official who sang the lyrics of sick cicada. Not only was his reputation discredited, but he was also labeled as a heinous crime in the field. What saddens him even more is that his good friend Meng Jiao died of a sudden illness in the 9th year of Yuanhe (8 14). In the fourth year of Changqing (824), Han Yu died of illness again. At this time, Jia Dao was still an ordinary white man. It was not until Jia Dao was old that Jia Dao became the main book of Changjiang County. In the fifth year (840), Jia Dao passed the exam for three years and moved to Zhou Pu (now Anyue County, Sichuan Province) to join the army. In the third year of Huichang (843), Jia Dao died.
Jia Dao's contribution to the post of the main book of the Yangtze River is not recorded in the history books. Su Jiang, a native of Tang Dynasty, praised Jia Dao's three-year reign in Jia Sicang's Epitaph. It seems that Jia Dao's hobby of reading and reciting poems has not changed since he became an official.
[trying to write poetry]
Jia Dao is famous for writing poems diligently. This is also reflected in his own poems. For example, in the poem "Farewell Master", he walked alone at the bottom of the pool counting trees, so he made a note for himself: two sentences won in three years, and one song shed tears. If I don't appreciate these two poems, I have to go back to my hometown where I used to live and sleep soundly in the rustling autumn wind. Two sentences in three years is naturally boastful, but he often takes pains to recite poems, but it is true.
It is precisely because of his efforts that he was able to make up for the lack of talent, and finally won a place in the dazzling Tang Dynasty poetry world, leaving many excellent works. For example, in his History of Jiang Yi Going to Wu Chu, when Fujian set sail, Toad lost his last contact. Autumn wind blows the Weihe River and leaves fall all over Chang 'an. Tonight, the weather is cold and thunderstorm. Lan Raoshu did not return, and the news was in the clouds. The whole poem is full of backbone, and poetry is turning. In particular, the autumn wind blows the Weihe River and leaves fall all over Chang 'an. The image fully conveys the poet's deep affection for remembering his friends. It is worthy of a famous sentence that has been told through the ages.
Another example is his "Send a Message to North Korea to Recover Chaozhou", which was once with Mulan's boat until the tide went south. Come to China for an appointment every other chapter, and the letter will pass. The peak hangs on the postal road, the clouds break, and the roots of the city are immersed in the sea. The smoke and wind swept away overnight, and at the beginning of the next month, I went to langxi Building. Write Jia Dao's suspense and sympathy for Han Yu, which sets off Han Yu's aboveboard, broad realm, high syllables and long charm, indicating that Jia Dao saw meaningful brushstrokes in a plain place.
Another example is his poem "Xia Di": How to live in the emperor's hometown with the first empty bag! Apricot garden is full of tears, who is drunk for flowers? Tears fall on distant mountains, and spring grass grows in illness. When a bosom friend meets him, he loses three Hunan alone. Expressed his painful feelings after being seriously backward. Jia Dao was very frustrated, lonely and poor all his life, and his political career was extremely difficult. Therefore, his poems mainly describe the lonely and secluded realm. But sometimes there are works of generosity and agitation, such as his "Song of the Sick Stork": the handsome bird also jumps to the heights and abruptly climbs down the ladder. Sometimes it is revealed that nothing goes with the wind. Borrow the swift to get the jade rabbit, and brush the golden rooster in the sun later. Bak Yan's hair is broken, how can you be ambitious? I still have the same ambition, my ambition is hard to grind, and I still dream of the opportunity to fight in the air. This intense factor in his thoughts is often vented by the images of old generals and veterans. For example, his "A Generation of Old Generals": The old story sounds like a dream. Who should trust the old? There are several battlefields, and there is no one in the Ministry. Collect sick horses at sunset and take pictures on sunny days. If you want to use it in the sacred court, you must pull out your white beard. His "A Generation of Frontier Generals": Holding the Ge cluster to the sun, the clouds will be collected after the war. Cry cold when the grass is exposed, and sing long in the spring at night. Hold the iron in three feet and run for the bull. Serving the country is not expensive, and anger will level the enemy. His swordsman: ten years of grinding a sword, frost blade has not tried. I'll show you today who has a grievance. His "Meet the Old": How old did you not fight, but now it is a song to persuade wine. I envy you for walking across the Yellow River without white hair. The soldiers in the old house burned out, and the new palace fought more and more every day. The demon star still has horns, and a few feet of iron are reground. These poems are full of heroism and strong character. Unfortunately, Jia Dao had this ambition but no opportunity, which led to his failure to display his talents, leaving only his Poems of the Yangtze River.
Jia Dao's poems and his bitter spirit are still very influential in the late Tang and Five Dynasties. For example, Dong Li in the late Tang Dynasty worshipped the Yangtze River so much that he wrote an island statue in bronze and put it in a towel. I often recite Kado Buddha with a few beads, 1000 times a day. People who like the island will personally give poems to the island, reminding them to say it four times more: this is no different from Buddhist scriptures, burn incense and worship. Another example is Sun Sheng in the Southern Tang Dynasty, who painted a portrait of Jia Dao and hung it on the wall for worship day and night. Although Jia Dao believed in Buddhism before his death, I'm afraid he never thought that someone behind him regarded him as a Buddha because of his poems. If he is alive in heaven, he will be satisfied to become a Buddha after death!