1. Study the textbooks well and get out of the textbooks

There are 516 chapters in the entire "The Analects", but only 10 were selected in the textbook (the current Changchun edition textbook has been changed to 8 but). It is far from enough to understand the value of "The Analects" through studying 10 contents. Therefore, after 10 points in the intensive lecture, other contents must be expanded.

(1) Confucius’ thoughts. Confucius' thoughts are broad and profound, and ethical thoughts are the essence of them, such as his benevolence, filial piety, making friends, and trustworthiness. This idea is undoubtedly a very good way to reduce the impact on students of the social reality where most people's psychological and moral defense lines have collapsed and their moral awareness is weak, and to improve students' conscious resistance to the invasion of bad habits.

Confucius’ ideal is to realize a harmonious world full of benevolence among people. In order to realize a world of great harmony, the key is to instill the idea of ??benevolence into the masses. To this end, it is necessary to cultivate a large number of lofty ideals and gentlemen who are interested in promoting and promoting benevolence. Such lofty ideals and gentlemen must not only have the ambition to preach and practice the Dao, but also have the virtue and ability to preach and practice the Dao. Therefore, Confucius' education is definitely not today's examination-oriented education mixed with quality education, but is carried out in accordance with the principle of serving society as its purpose and educating people for life. Confucius' education is mainly based on moral education, educating students to have a sense of social responsibility and to learn for life. Moreover, he also advocated "enjoyment in learning", that is, learning happily. This is very different from the vast majority of today's students who study hard for exams and pursue personal development. Therefore, teachers should guide students to establish a sense of social responsibility and form the concept of lifelong learning through the extension of in-class and extra-curricular knowledge.

(2) Expansion of relevant content of "Ten Principles of the Analects of Confucius". For example, after learning Confucius's "Learning and practicing it from time to time, you can't say it", you must expand Confucius's "Those who know are not as good as those who are good at it, and those who are good at it are not as good as those who are happy", etc. Only in this way, I am suffering from learning today. Only in this way can students understand Confucius's idea of ??"pleasure in learning" and develop the habit of being happy in learning.

2. Guide students to absorb the spiritual wealth contained in "The Analects"

(1) Enterprising spirit. Confucius said: "When three people walk together, they must have my teacher. Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good." ("The Analects of Confucius·Shuer") Confucius said: "When you see a virtuous person, you must think about it, and when you see an unworthy person, you should think about it. And self-examination." ("The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren")

These two traditional translations both express Confucius's humble and studious qualities and his open-mindedness, but in a deeper sense, they express Confucius's constant self-improvement. enterprising spirit. It is precisely because of this spirit of constant self-improvement that we can see the strengths of people around us, learn consciously, and work hard to improve ourselves.

Through the expansion of these contents, students can understand that this spirit of continuous self-improvement is very important for both personal growth and national development. Because only by constantly striving for self-improvement, only by having a strong desire to develop oneself, and only by having perseverance and courage can an individual achieve something and the country prosper.

(2) The spirit of reflection. Confucius believed that only by constantly reflecting on oneself can a person reach the best state and reach the standard of what he called a "gentleman", so teachers can expand other contents in this content.

For example: Confucius said: "To make mistakes without correcting them is to call them mistakes." ("The Analects of Confucius, Lord Wei Linggong")

Confucius said: "The mistakes of a gentleman are as follows: When the sun and moon eclipse, everyone has seen it; when it changes, everyone admires it." ("The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang")

From here, students can see that there is clarity. A Confucius whose mind can understand itself, a Confucius who has the courage to sincerely reflect on himself. Based on this, students are guided to realize that the spirit of reflection is self-awareness and the courage to question and examine oneself. Reflecting on oneself is inseparable from the spirit of self-improvement we talked about earlier. Only by having the spirit of self-reflection can we truly strive for self-improvement. This should be internalized and become a kind of human cultivation. Only in this way can we truly improve and become a lifelong learner and a useful person to society.

(3) The spirit of tolerance. Confucius said: "A person who does not know but is not stunned is not a gentleman!" ("The Analects of Confucius·Xueer") Confucius said: "A gentleman is harmonious but different, and a villain is the same but not harmonious.

"("The Analects of Confucius·Zilu")

The tolerance mentioned above is not only the ability to tolerate others, but also refers to the ability to learn the advantages of others and to deal with differences in personality that are different from one's own pursuits. As long as it is useful to you, you should take it and become the power and source to promote your own development. Today's students all have strong personalities. Most of them are self-centered, thinking that they are the best and unable to see the strengths of others. Therefore, in teaching, teachers must let students realize that as an individual, if they want to integrate into this society, they must be able to learn from others and tolerate others, so that they can learn the most intelligent things and become the wisest and the most intelligent themselves. The most useful person to society