Because of the particularity of minors themselves, the causes of juvenile delinquency are very different from those of adults. The experience of minors is very short, and the activity space is mainly between family and school. Therefore, juvenile delinquency depends on family, school, society and minors themselves:
(1) The influence of family on juvenile delinquency.
Family is the first space for minors' activities. Due to the influence of blood relationship, family education is irreplaceable by any other education. The younger you are, the greater your dependence on your family, and the greater the influence and role of close people. Parents are the first teachers of the children. Parents' sense of social responsibility, moderate affection, educational methods and self-image are the levers of family cohesion. The stronger the cohesion, the less the distress and possibility of family members committing crimes. Families with broken structures, families with inappropriate family ties and families with misbehaving adults have a great influence on juvenile delinquency. Incorrect families cause personality disorders that are difficult to correct in teenagers' psychology and form incorrect world outlook and outlook on life. In some families, parents are at odds and divorced, and often quarrel and fight, which has caused psychological harm to underage children; Some families have poor economic conditions, parents are short-sighted, greedy and cheap, and can't cultivate children's spirit of self-reliance and self-reliance, which leads some children to steal for money; Some family education methods are simple and rude, and the expectations of children are unrealistic. When children are at fault or have unsatisfactory academic performance, they either beat and scold or don't respect their personality. Under this "high pressure", children are tired of learning and even the world. Some parents do not behave themselves properly, do nothing, and often drink and gamble, which makes their children form unhealthy optimism and outlook on life; There are also some families who love their children, regard them as the apple of their eye, are afraid that they will slip away in their mouths and lose them in their hands, attach importance to material satisfaction, neglect ideological and moral education, and spoil them over time, which encourages their selfishness and luxury; Some parents don't fulfill their legal guardianship obligations, they are busy with their own affairs all day, leaving their children alone and letting them develop. Over time, their children become lonely, autistic, self-abased, even resentful and arrogant, and are easily tempted, used and committed by bad people.
(2) The influence of schools on juvenile delinquency.
School is the main place for minors to receive formal socialization education, and it is a key stage in the process of socialization. The role of the school is not only to spread knowledge, but more importantly, to shape a beautiful mind, instill correct thoughts and cultivate correct outlook on life, world outlook and moral sentiments. However, China's education system is far from satisfactory. Pay more attention to wisdom than morality, unilaterally pursue the enrollment rate, and lack education on some basic social common sense, life principles and social ethics norms; Lack of legal education for students, rarely taking legal classes and conducting legal education. In leisure education, the requirements are too high, the methods are rigid, and the growth characteristics and acceptance ability of teenagers are ignored, which makes students feel tired of learning, and some even skip school and drop out of school. Influenced by the market economy, some schools charge fees, run classes indiscriminately, and even suppress students from asking their parents for money, which makes some students feel that they can't do anything without money, resulting in bad psychology. The investigation found that juvenile delinquents are generally tired of learning. The school teaching order is poor, the teaching level is low, teachers don't care about students, the education method is improper, there is no hope of further study, and the crime rate is high in places where useless ideas prevail.
(3) The influence of social and environmental factors on juvenile delinquency.
The social environment is as big as the whole society and as small as the living space of minors. Judging from the big social environment, China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and its material and cultural level is relatively low. In the socialist market economy, the power of money is fully displayed. Some people do whatever it takes to make money, stealing, robbing, cheating, accepting bribes and trading power and money; Some people eat, drink, have fun, engage in prostitution, take drugs and sell drugs. The appearance of this series of social evils has affected the whole social environment. The small environment for minors' activities is also affected. The first is the content of the leisure life of minors. If minors often go to places they shouldn't go in their spare time, such as song and dance halls, video halls and sauna massage rooms; Often read unhealthy books, audio-visual products, play video games and online games, then inexperienced minors will gradually become victims; Second, do not be friends. Get to know some people with criminal misdeeds or ulterior motives in society, and be lured by them to use them as tools of crime. According to the survey organized by the Ministry of Justice, the proportion of juvenile offenders who have frequent contact with criminal classmates or friends is 68. 17% ⑥, which highlights the great influence of bad friends on juvenile delinquency. In recent years, more and more unscrupulous bad guys and some released prisoners and reeducation-through-labor personnel have taken advantage of minors' weaknesses and corrupted, wooed, influenced and instigated some minors to engage in illegal and criminal activities through seemingly normal exchanges.
(4) The minor's own reasons.
First of all, minors are in the period of growth and development, and their physiological basis is the immature development of various organ systems, especially the nervous system and endocrine system. Especially after 14 years old, great changes have taken place in various organs of the body and their functions, which leads to the rapid and unstable process of psychological socialization, the uncoordinated development of physiology and psychology, a series of imbalance and inadaptability in cognitive activities, emotional reactions, will and behavior, and the demand for material and spirit is often stronger than that of adults. They are sensitive, curious and imaginative, and like to imitate by intuition, but their ability to distinguish right from wrong, understand the nature of things and unilaterally pursue novelty and excitement is poor. Their self-awareness is enhanced, they have independent intentions, and gradually form a self-centered tendency. They are often pretentious and eager to enter the society as soon as possible. However, because of their naivety, they often can't do it, which makes their ideals divorced from reality and forms a psychological tendency of cynicism and inversion of good and evil. Their emotions and emotions are unstable and impulsive, especially their violent passion, which makes minors often unable to control themselves and embark on the road of crime. Some minors do not understand, learn or believe in the law, and do not foresee the seriousness of the consequences of illegal crimes. Some people are deviant, not good at talking, not good at communicating with others, and too introverted; Some emotions are excitable and aggressive. There are also special circumstances, such as the lack or excess of one or more elements in physiology, pathological changes of body organs, functional alienation and so on.