What level is Ceng Zesheng?
Originally, Ceng Zesheng was the commander of the 60th Kuomintang Army with Dian Army as the main body, and made great contributions to the country in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. During the War of Liberation-Liaoshen Campaign, the 60th Army accepted the call of our Party and revolted in Haicheng, Liaoning. Later, he was tricked into the China People's Liberation Army, called the 50th Army, and participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. Ceng Zesheng was awarded the rank of Lieutenant General.
Ceng Zesheng's introduction
Ceng Zesheng (1902 10-1973 February 22),10 was born in Daxing Town, Yongshan County, Yunnan Province in June, graduated from Yunnan Military Academy, was the captain of the NCO Team of the 98th Division of Yunnan Army, and was the 65438 commander of the 60th Army of the former National Revolutionary Army.
1955 awarded the rank of lieutenant general. Ceng Zesheng was a member of the First to Third National Defense Commission and the Standing Committee of the Third and Fourth China People's Political Consultative Conference.
The life of the character
Ceng Zesheng (1902 10) is a native of Yongshan County, Yunnan Province. Graduated from Kunming Provincial Middle School. 1922 Joined the 7th Team of Tang Jianguo Machine Gun Army to study.
On February 1922 and 19, they were admitted to the Jianguo Machine Gun NCO Team established in Tang, Yunnan. After graduation, I went to study in Wujiang Guild Hall in Yunnan.
1924 1 Free admission to Yunnan Military Academy 18.
From 65438 to 0925, he served as the captain of Whampoa Military Academy, and joined China Kuomintang in the same year.
1926 served as the company commander of the teaching regiment of Guangdong 20 th Division.
65438-0927, transferred to the advanced class of Huangpu Military Academy.
1929 65438+ 10 returned to Yunnan at the invitation of Long Yun, Chairman of the Kuomintang Yunnan Province, and set up an officer cadet team in Kunming as the vice captain. Later, he served as the captain of the sergeant team of the 98th Division of Yunnan Army, the battalion commander of the 6th Regiment of the 3rd Brigade, and the deputy head of the 5th Regiment.
1930 served as deputy head of the 5 th regiment of the 3 rd Brigade of the Crusade Army 10 Road Army.
1September, 937, served as the head of the 60th Army of the Kuomintang Government 184 Division. Leading his troops to participate in Taierzhuang's war against Japan.
1938 participated in the Battle of Taierzhuang.
From 1939 to 184, he served as deputy division commander and commander of the 60th Army, and served as division commander in July.
1944165438+10 served as the commander of the 60th Army in October.
1945 After Japan surrendered in August, he led his troops to Vietnam to participate in the surrender.
1946, the 60th Army left for Northeast China, and successively served as the deputy commander of the 4th "appeasement" area in Northeast China, the garrison commander of Jilin, the deputy commander of 1 Corps and the commander of the 60th Army.
1948 1 served as Jilin garrison commander and commander of the 60th army of the Kuomintang government army. In March, he served as deputy commander and commander of the 1st 1 Corps of the Kuomintang government army. Increasingly dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary policy of treason, civil war and murder, he resolutely led the 60 th Army to revolt in Changchun on June 1948+00.
After the uprising, the army was reorganized into the 50th Army of the Fourth Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army as the commander. Actively cooperate with the political commissar to carry out the policy of China * * * Producer Party on the reorganization of the uprising troops, so that this army can be smoothly transformed into a new type of people's army.
1948 10 led the 60th army to Changchun uprising, and its department was reorganized as the 50th army commander of China People's Liberation Army. Later, he led his troops to participate in the liberation of western Hubei and March into the southwest.
1948 During the Liaoshen Campaign, the PLA besieged Changchun. Ceng Zesheng, commander of the 60th Kuomintang Army, resolutely declared an uprising in June, 6438+October, 65438+July, and led the PLA into the Dongcheng Garrison. The Ceng Zesheng Uprising plunged the remaining Kuomintang defenders into chaos and surrendered in succession. Changchun was liberated without bloodshed.
1949 1.2 The Central Military Commission awarded the title of 50th Army of the China People's Liberation Army to the 60th Army of the former Kuomintang, and appointed Ceng Zesheng as the commander and Xu Wenlie as the political commissar. Originally a 182 division, it was reorganized into the 50th Army of China People's Liberation Army 148 division, and was a teacher in vain.
The original tentative 2 1 Division was reorganized into the 50th Army of China People's Liberation Army 149 Division, with Long Yao as the teacher. The original tentative 52nd Division was reorganized into the 50th Army of China People's Liberation Army150th Division, with Li Zuoren as the teacher. The whole army of 23,000 people is organized by the Fourth Field Army.
1949 participated in the first meeting of China people's political consultative conference.
1949 led his troops to participate in the liberation of western Hubei and Sichuan.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he was appointed commander of the 50th Army of China People's Liberation Army.
1in March, 950, he served as a member of the Political Committee of the Central South Army. In June 5438+10 in the same year, he participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, served as the commander of the 50th Army of Chinese people's Volunteer Army, and led his troops to participate in one to four battles.
1951March 15, the 50th Army, which was ordered to complete the interception of the Han River, returned to China to rest and replenish.
195 1 year on July 4th, led 50 troops into the DPRK for the second time.
Take on the task of defending the west coast and repairing the front-line airport.
195 1 year1October-10/October, he commanded 50 troops to cross the sea and attack the islands (large and small islands), and successively liberated the enemy-occupied islands in the north of Qingchuan.
195 1 Returned to China due to illness at the end of the year.
1953, 1 entered the DPRK in June, 2008 and belonged to 50 armies.
April 1955, 19 led the 50th Army back to Dandong. Korean battlefield, * * * 95 battle, killed 14492 people.
1September, 955, was awarded the rank of Lieutenant General of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Won the first-class liberation medal.
1955, the people's liberation army implemented the rank system, and Ceng Zesheng was awarded the rank of lieutenant general and the first-class liberation medal.
1953 was awarded the first-class national flag medal by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
65438+September 0968, he left his post to rest.
1973 died in Beijing on February 22nd at the age of 7 1.
Ceng Zesheng: The Lieutenant General of the National Army will become the ace commander of the Volunteers. Why did Chairman Mao advise him not to join the Party first?
A good social system can turn bad people into good people; And a bad social system will turn good people into bad people. Ceng Zesheng, a former lieutenant general of the National Army and commander of the 50th Army of the People's Liberation Army, used his own life experience to explain the totally different attitudes towards life and living space under the two systems.
Ceng Zesheng is a native of Yimagou Village, Daxing Town, Yongshan County, Yunnan Province. 1902 was born in a wealthy small landlord family. 19 15, Yuan Shikai, who was greedy for power, brazenly changed the emperor and restored the monarchy. General Cai E, a native of Yunnan, sneaked back to Yunnan and led a vigorous movement to defend the country. At that time, Yunnan, originally a border province, became the revolutionary center of China. People with lofty ideals in China and even East Asia have devoted themselves to Yunnan and started their revolutionary career. Among them, including the famous Marshal Zhu De.
At that time, the center of Yunnan revolution was Wujiang Hall in Yunnan. This school adopts modern military teaching and employs Japanese military officers and outstanding students studying in Japan as instructors, with extremely high teaching quality. It is the best military academy in the south of China, and also a school for aspiring young people in Yunnan. And young Ceng Zesheng is no exception.
1922, 20-year-old Ceng Zesheng entered the Wujiang Guild Hall with excellent results. Ceng Zesheng is determined to change the poverty and weakness in Yunnan and even China and drive foreign invaders out of China. Ceng Zesheng is located in Yunnan Province, bordering Myanmar and Viet Nam. These two countries have long been colonized by Britain and France and exploited by imperialism. The two imperialist countries, Britain and France, are not satisfied with their own land, but eat in a bowl and look at it in a pot, always trying to extend the tentacles of aggression to Yunnan.
Ceng Zesheng knows that if ambitious young people in China don't work hard, their hometown will follow in the footsteps of Vietnam and Myanmar sooner or later.
Ideal is sexy, reality is skinny. In Jiangwu Hall in Yunnan, Ceng Zesheng gradually realized that the Yunnan army did not seem to realize its ideals. At that time, China was divided by warlords. After the Revolution of 1911, Yunnan was controlled by Yunnan warlords. In the early days, Tang Yaoji, an old warlord, was in power. Compared with the revolution, Tang paid more attention to managing and expanding his territory. I am very disappointed with Don's lack of ambition. So he didn't wait until graduation, but directly transferred to Guangzhou Huangpu Military Academy.
Although he moved to Huangpu, Ceng Zesheng was still disappointed. On 1925, Ceng Zesheng was transferred to the second group as the company commander. However, all he can see is darkness and corruption. Ceng Zesheng later recalled:
In a rage, Ceng Zesheng resigned as the company commander and transferred to the Northern Expeditionary Army Command. According to Joe, the adjutant:
4 12 After the counter-revolutionary coup, the National Government changed from a revolutionary government to a corrupt comprador regime. The revolutionary armed forces, which were originally heroic and spirited, are degenerating and corrupting at a speed visible to the naked eye. 1March, 928, Ceng Zesheng, who was promoted to the fifth division commander, was disappointed and angry. Ceng Zesheng didn't want to associate with this army, so he resigned again.
1in the autumn of 929, Long Yun unified Yunnan by force and became the representative of the new warlords in Yunnan. Ceng Zesheng, who was very disappointed with the current situation, returned to his hometown at the call of Long Yun, and successively served as the company commander and battalion commander of the Yunnan Army. Ceng Zesheng didn't think highly of Long Yun, but in his view, there was probably nothing called light in China at that time. In the following years, he fought against the Red Army and other warlords. China people killed China people, which puzzled Ceng Zesheng very much. It is obvious that Japan invaded the three northeastern provinces and infiltrated North China. Why did Chiang Kai-shek "settle in first"?
1937, the July 7th Incident broke out and the all-round war of resistance officially began. Although Yunnan is the farthest province from the Japanese invaders, inspired by the bonfire of the war of resistance against Japan, people of all ethnic groups in Nanzhao are still excited and have joined the army. On the Double Ninth Festival, Kunming was boiling, and they were nesting, men, women and children, to see off the 200,000 soldiers who were about to go out. Among them, Long Yun transferred the local elite 12 regiment to form the 60th Army of the National Revolutionary Army. Ceng Zesheng was the head of the 60th Army/KOOC-0/84th Division/KOOC-0/05 Regiment.
As a soldier, the most shameful thing is to fight civil war and harm the people. And Ceng Zesheng, finally waiting for the dream opportunity, he wants to defend his country.
In the battle song, Yunnan children went to the anti-Japanese battlefield. In the famous Taierzhuang victory, the 60th Army was stormed by the superior enemy as soon as it got off the bus. In this campaign, the 60th Army suffered heavy losses, and there was only one regiment left in 182 Division and 183 Division. However, the Yunnan army resolutely blocked the enemy and won time for the deployment of the Chinese army in Taierzhuang.
Now 182 division and 183 division have been destroyed, and we can only rely on 184 division in Ceng Zesheng. In Yuwangshan, the 60th Army184th Division defended 19 days. Ceng Zesheng, on the other hand, personally guards this highland. In order to resist the enemy's attack, Ceng Zesheng took the lead, picked up a machine gun and fired fiercely at the Japanese invaders. The Japanese invaders claimed to be brave and not afraid of death, but they never thought that this group of Yunnan people were more afraid of death.
In the battle of Yuwangshan, the 60th Army repelled more than 0/00 Japanese attacks, which finally laid a solid foundation for the victory of Taierzhuang Campaign.
In the second year, Ceng Zesheng also commanded troops to take part in the campaign to defend the periphery of Wuhan and Nanchang. 1940 In September, the Japanese invaders occupied Vietnam, and there was a tendency to take Yunnan directly from the north. In this case, Ceng Zesheng returned to Yunnan with the 60th Army, at which time he was promoted to184th division commander.
1945, the Japanese invaders surrendered, and the Chinese nation ushered in a brilliant victory. In September, Ceng Zesheng entered Yunnan with Long Yun and accepted the surrender of the Japanese invaders. 10 June 10, Ceng Zesheng presided over the surrender ceremony in Toulon, Yunnan. The stationing of the 60 th Army was welcomed by the Vietnamese people, and many old overseas Chinese even burst into tears: "See the dignity of Han officials again!"
After the liberation of Vietnam, the brazen French colonists will make a comeback. And Chiang Kai-shek signed an agreement with France, China's army will be withdrawn in March, and the French army will take over the defense of northern Vietnam. At this time, Ceng Zesheng, who has been promoted to the commander of the 60th Army, has witnessed and known the cruelty of the French colonists. So, with the support of Long Yun, he made an important decision, that is, to give the French some color to see see.
On March 6, French warships rushed into the coastal defense port and tried to land forcibly. And this, just gave Ceng Zesheng a reason to fight back. Ceng Zesheng commanded,184th Division and 2 1 Division returned fire with artillery, killing and injuring more than 3,000 French troops. After a gun battle, French warships were paralyzed in the harbor, and Major General waved a white flag and went ashore to negotiate.
Ceng Zesheng, commander of the 60th Army, finally found the feeling of being a powerful international army. However, everything that happened later hit Ceng Zesheng's confidence.
When the civil war broke out, the 60th Army was ordered to go directly to the cold northeast to fight the * * * production party. The most convenient way to go to the northeast is by sea. As a result, the 60 th Army boarded the US warship and headed for Yingkou. It is said that the Kuomintang army and Americans are allies and should treat each other as equals.
However, on the ship, Ceng Zesheng felt naked discrimination. According to American regulations, soldiers of the 60th Army must transport weapons and personnel separately. The life of a soldier is a weapon, which is different from that of a Japanese soldier who surrenders his gun. After boarding the ship, all China soldiers who board the ship have to take off their clothes and spray disinfectant powder all over their bodies, just like disinfecting animals. By this time, Ceng Zesheng finally understood. Even though China is a victorious country, Americans still don't respect China people.
The country is poor and weak, and China's international status has not changed substantially.
In the northeast, the 60 th Army is stationed in Jilin. In the battle with the People's Liberation Army, the 60 th Army, which was heroic and invincible and resisted foreign aggression, was defeated repeatedly. The soldiers of the Yunnan army only want to defend their country, and they don't want to fight civil war at all. Ceng Zesheng's proudest184th Division launched an uprising in Haicheng. The uprising dealt a great blow to Ceng Zesheng.
The 60th Army didn't want to fight a civil war, so Ceng Zesheng was discriminated against and excluded by other Central Army generals. The 60th Army, also called "60 Bears" by other troops, was humiliated. And Chiang Kai-shek? Adhering to the views of the portal, discriminating against miscellaneous troops. I can't change my equipment, and I don't even eat. For example, the new seventh army has white flour and rice every day, and the 60 th army eats all soybeans. Exclusion, discrimination, division and surveillance made Ceng Zesheng and the 60th Army soldiers extremely angry. After several struggles, Ceng Zesheng finally made up his mind in the autumn of 1948-to oppose the Chiang Uprising.
194810 June 17, Ceng Zesheng led the 60th army out of the eastern half of Changchun and headed for Jiutai where the uprising officially took place. The 60th Army Uprising weakened the Kuomintang's Yugoslav capital in Changchun, and led the New Seventh Army to lay down their arms under the influence of Zheng Dongguo, the "general suppression" in Northeast China. Changchun, peaceful liberation without bloodshed. This uprising set a precedent for forcing the enemy to organize an uprising in the war of liberation, and also caused a fundamental reversal of the Liaoshen campaign.
Subsequently, the 60th Army was reorganized into the 50th Army of China People's Liberation Army, and Ceng Zesheng remained. Since then, he has also changed from the commander of a national army to the commander of the people. In order to help transform the 50th Army, the Party sent a large number of revolutionary cadres to assist Ceng Zesheng in his work.
According to the * * * Party's policy of transforming the Kuomintang insurgents, the 50 th Army born in the old army gradually changed qualitatively. Originally, the military discipline of the 50 th Army was not good, and things that disturbed the people and harmed the people often happened. However, under the transformation of the * * * production party, the officers and men of the 50 th Army finally understood what is the love between the army and the people. The once rude soldier spoke kindly to the people. The soldiers of fortune who used to like wandering around learned to strictly observe military discipline and never leave the gate. Sometimes, the officers and men of the 50 th Army will take the initiative to help and contribute to the people.
Ceng Zesheng was pleased to note that ordinary people who were afraid of avoiding soldiers actually began to approach the army. Therefore, Ceng Zesheng wrote in his autobiography:
Ceng Zesheng, who wasted his life, gradually realized that the light he had been looking for seemed just around the corner.
1950 September, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea broke out. Ceng Zesheng, who devoted himself to making contributions to the people, took the initiative to request that the 50th Army be reorganized into the 50th Army of Chinese people's Volunteer Army and enter the DPRK to participate in the war. In this regard, Chairman Mao readily promised.
1950101On October 25th, the 50th Army entered the DPRK under the command of Peng. From this day on, the 50th Army will face an international war of 16 countries led by the United States. Can the 50 th Army win in the face of fully armed American troops?
In the first battle, the 50 th Army did not play well. Because I was unfamiliar with the terrain, I didn't have a Korean translation, I didn't catch the enemy's main force, and I let go of the enemy who should have panicked.
At the meeting of the headquarters of the Volunteers, Peng severely reprimanded the 38th Army, which could not escape the enemy. Originally, I thought I would be criticized by Commander-in-Chief Peng. To his blush, Peng seems to be very polite to him. Ceng Zesheng knew that tambourines were not afraid of heavy hammers. Peng doesn't scold 50 troops, which means you are not a heavy drum.
The 38th Army is the trump card of the Fourth Field Army, and the 50th Army is an insurgent army and a miscellaneous army, which is inevitably ignored. In the second battle, the 50th Army made another mistake. Although I met the main enemy, I found that there were too many enemy tanks to fight.
Missed opportunities are lost. This "failure" made Ceng Zesheng very ashamed, and even once proposed to be a soldier in the 38th Army. But in the end, Ceng Zesheng completed his psychological construction. He believes that his men and soldiers, the 50 th Army, have fought so many hard battles. If children in Yunnan can beat the Japanese, they will surely beat the American devils.
On the eve of the third battle, Ceng Zesheng personally presided over the swearing-in meeting. Facing the capital, Beijing, the soldiers swore with steel guns that they must fight the US imperialism to the end.
Being brave after being ashamed, Ceng Zesheng took off his cotton trousers in person in the low temperature of minus 30 degrees, without fear of frostbite, and led tens of thousands of soldiers of the whole army into the cold river. At Seoul Tower, soldiers of the 50th Army met with the Royal British Tank Battalion. This time, the soldiers of the 50 th Army never pulled their asses again. But with flesh and blood, carrying explosives and explosive barrels, rushed to the enemy from all directions. At dawn, the 50th Army wiped out the British heavy tank battalion and won a great victory. A few days later, the 50 th Army and the 39 th Army entered Seoul together and became the first volunteers to liberate Seoul.
This victory made Ceng Zesheng proud. From then on, "60 bears" became "50 brave people". Later, he was invited to be an official and was personally commended by Peng. Peng also promised to give priority to providing Soviet-style equipment to the 50th Army. Peng's seriousness brought tears to his eyes. In the national army sequence, the 50 th army has always been regarded as cannon fodder, with the worst food and the worst equipment. Among the volunteers, Ceng Zesheng finally felt that what is unity and what is equality.
In the fourth battle, the 50 th Army was ordered to defend the south bank of the Han River and prevent the US military from attacking. This battle is extremely dangerous. Li Qiwei concentrated all the main forces of the "United Nations Army" and attacked the positions occupied by the 50th Army and the 38th Army. The 50 th Army not only has no advantages in equipment, but also has no advantages in quantity.
However, in this deadly battle, facing the siege of the enemy line 10, the 50 th Army simply overfulfilled its defensive task. In more than 50 days of defensive warfare, * * * counted1.65,438+0,000 people, destroyed more than 70 enemy tanks and shot down enemy planes 15. After the defense mission was completed, the 50 th Army retreated unscathed, which was a great victory. After a fierce battle, Ceng Zesheng proudly said: "My troops are still very fighting!"
At that time, the volunteers had a saying that the 50 th Army was the leader of the production party and the technology of the Kuomintang. * * * The leader of the production party stresses the revolutionary will, is not afraid of hardships, is not afraid of death and fights tenaciously; Technology, on the other hand, is good at building fortifications and correctly distributing troops and firepower in defensive operations. The 50 th Army, which inherited the best traditions and genes of the Chinese Army, is an expert in mountain defense and anti-tank warfare.
It can be said that the 50th Army led by Ceng Zesheng has grown from a former miscellaneous army to a real champion volunteer army.
195 1 April, Ceng Zesheng was summoned by Chairman Mao to report in Zhongnanhai. Chairman Mao's kindness and generosity left a deep impression on Ceng Zesheng. What surprised him even more was Chairman Mao's amazing memory. For the bloody battle in the south of the Yangtze River, Chairman Mao can not only master the operations of the large corps, but also know the operations of the small teams like the back of his hand. He later recalled:
Chairman MAO may see Ceng Zesheng nervous, he encouraged:
After returning home, tell his wife Li:
In North Korea, Ceng Zesheng stayed in the army every day, making friends with soldiers and learning from them. The old army's habit of paying attention to respect and inferiority was swept away from now on.
At the same time, Ceng Zesheng also told his wife to donate all his property to the people: "Our property was obtained by speculation in the old society and should be returned to the people!" In this way, Ceng Zesheng donated all his land and pavements in Yunnan to the Yunnan provincial government to support the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
1954, Ceng Zesheng returned from North Korea and was once again received by Chairman Mao. After the conversation, Ceng Zesheng summoned up his courage and made a thoughtful request:
For Ceng Zesheng's request, Chairman Mao smiled with relief: "You asked to join the party, which shows that you already have the consciousness of productism!"
However, Chairman Mao paused again: "You'd better not join the * * * production party." Hearing this, Ceng Zesheng felt puzzled: "Didn't the producer forbid me to go there?"? Did I read less books on Marxism-Leninism? Isn't it enough for me to go deep into the masses? "
In this regard, Chairman Mao explained: "Now Chiang Kai-shek is desperately attacking New China, and the imperialist countries are slandering us. If you, as a non-party person, publicize the new face of our new socialist China to Taiwan Province Province and the whole world, Taiwan Province Province can get to know us and urge them to fight for the reunification of the motherland. It is more important for you not to join the party for the time being. How about waiting for a while for the benefit of the motherland? "
In fact, Chairman Mao had long regarded Ceng Zesheng as a member of the people, but for the sake of United front, Ceng Zesheng played a greater role as a non-party person. Since this conversation, Ceng Zesheng has firmly adhered to a responsibility: "It is more important not to join the Party than to join it". Therefore, he is more committed to the cause of the reunification of the motherland. He longs for one day, when the motherland is completely reunified, he can realize his ideal of joining the Party.
From 65438 to 0955, Ceng Zesheng was awarded the rank of Lieutenant General, and later served as a member of the National Defense Commission and the first, second and third national representatives. From 65438 to 0968, Ceng Zesheng resigned as the commander of the 50th Army due to physical reasons. 1973, Ceng Zesheng died in Beijing. Unfortunately, Ceng Zesheng didn't realize his long-cherished wish to join the producer of * * * until his death.
In Ceng Zesheng's autobiography, he has always thanked the producers for waking him from a semi-sleep state, guiding him out of the wrong path, saving him from the shadow of death and gaining light. Despite decades of twists and turns, Ceng Zesheng still found his way home.