Zeng Guofan was born in a landlord family. He has been diligent and studious since childhood. He entered this school at the age of six. At the age of 8, he can read four books and recite five classics. At the age of 14, he can read Zhou Li and Historical Records. In the 18th year of Daoguang (1838), he entered imperial academy and studied under the military minister Zhang Mu. Reluctantly moved to a bachelor's degree in cabinet, assistant minister of does, assistant minister of military, industrial, criminal and official departments.
We are close friends with university students such as Woren, Huining Road and Guizhen, and strive for "practical learning". During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, Zeng Guofan formed the Xiang Army. After years of fighting, he turned the tide and wiped out the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Throughout his life, he pursued patience as the first priority, and advocated that everything should be frugal and not proud of being an official. He cultivated self-discipline, sought officials by virtue, put courtesy first, and sought politics by loyalty, and achieved great success in officialdom.
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1840 During the Opium War, Britain opened the door to China with foreign guns, and at the same time disrupted the social and cultural order on which China society depended for its survival and development, resulting in "unprecedented changes in China for 3,000 years". Western culture and advanced science and technology are impacting the spiritual world of China people.
Conscious China people began to explore the road of saving the country and began to reflect on national culture. As a master of traditional culture, Zeng Guofan's cultural consciousness embodies the sense of responsibility and practical spirit of traditional intellectuals, which has important reference significance for us to think about the cultural mission of contemporary intellectuals.
Scholars lead troops-the power of culture.
Zeng Guofan was an official in Beijing for more than 10 years. Because of his mother's funeral, he became an assistant minister who never left home. When the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom flourished, it shook the southeast half of the Qing court. In order to consolidate the ruling order, Emperor Xianfeng gave Zeng Guofan an imperial edict, asking him to help the villagers in the province search for bandits.
Zeng Guofan, who wanted to make a final decision in China, was persuaded by Guo Songtao to go to Changsha to practice villagers and search for bandits after receiving the news of the fall and panic of Wuhan. When Chu Yong was trained, his gun was ready, and he was ready to go to war, Zeng Guofan wrote "Begging for Guangdong Bandits", announcing the distance and issuing a declaration to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
In the election campaign, Zeng Guofan first pointed out with a parallel sentence pattern and sharp words: Hong Yang has "poisoned millions of people and ravaged more than 5,000 miles of counties in the past five years" and "the people threatened by two lakes and three rivers are arrogant. This is cruel and cruel, and anyone with flesh and blood will not smell it or regret it. "
Then, it even destroyed human relations, farmers could not plow, businessmen could not buy, and scholars could not read, describing the destruction of social order by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and promulgated the ethical code of China for thousands of years, which was swept away.
This is not only a change in the Qing Dynasty, but also a strange change in famous religions since the opening of the port. I, Confucius and Mencius, cried bitterly in Jiuyuan. Anyone who can read and write can sit still and make scholars rise up and defend their spiritual home. Zeng Guofan further listed that "Guangdong bandits burned academic officials in Chenzhou, destroyed Xuansheng wood owners, ten philosophers and two guards, and the ground was messy."
Heir to the county, destroy the temple first, that is, loyal ministers and righteous men, such as Guandi Betty Wong, also defile his palace and waste his head.
As well as Buddhist temples, Taoist temples, city gods and social altars, there is no burning of dynasties and no image that will never die. The purpose is to arouse public anger, help them overcome this fierce rebellion, rescue my captured ship and find out who is threatened. It not only relieves your father's hard work at night, but also soothes the hidden pain of Confucius and Mencius. Not only for the killing of millions of creatures, but also for the shame of the gods and snow.
At the end of the movement, Zeng Guofan combined benevolence and righteousness, calling on bloody people, people who hold Taoism and people with benevolence to have money and make contributions. They should treat these people as guests, teachers, or play with them, or give them official titles, and those who run counter to them will be spared death. If "be willing to be obedient and resist the extinction of the devil take the hindmost", then "Enemy at the Gates is beyond redemption."
Under the call of bandits from Guangdong, many scholars joined the ranks of the Xiang army and became the backbone of the Xiang army, which played an important role in the development of the Xiang army from scratch and from weak to strong.
Moreover, under the leadership of Xiang generals composed of Zeng Guofan and scholars, Xiang published a suicide note by Chuanshan, seeking the way of governing the country and using troops from China traditional culture for military and political practice. Zeng Guofan's understanding and utilization of cultural functions has become an important part of his cultural consciousness and practice, from the publication of "Begging the Guangdong Bandits" to the publication of "Chuanshan's suicide note".
People's Network —— Zeng Guofan's Cultural Reflection and Practice