1. Origin of the surname

The surname Mai (Mài Mai) has six origins:

1. It comes from the land of Maiqiu given by Duke Huan of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period. Named after the place. Mai's family originated from Maiqiudi. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Duke Huan of Qi went to Maiqiu and met an old man who was eighty-three years old and wished him a birthday. Duke Huan of Qi granted the fiefdom "Maiqiu" to the old man, and the old man's descendants took the fiefdom "Maiqiu" as their surname. Later, with the changes of history, he went to Qiuweimai and changed his surname into a single surname, which was called Mai.

2. Derived from the surname Han, it was changed to Mai because he took refuge in wheat fields. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Han Xin was assassinated by Empress Lu because of his outstanding achievements, which affected the nine clans and caused his clansmen to flee for their lives. On the way to escape, some people who survived crossing the river changed their surnames to "He" with the same pronunciation as "He". Some of them survived by hiding in wheat fields, but Yi Han changed his surname to Mai and was called Mai. Therefore, there is a folk legend that Han, He and Mai have the same surname.

3. It comes from the surname Liu, who was named after Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty. In 116 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty granted Liu Chang, a descendant of Emperor Jing, the title of Maihou, and the place belonged to Langya County. Later generations took the ancestral title as their surname and were called the Mai family.

4. It comes from the surname Qu, but was changed to Mai to avoid chaos. According to the "Mai Family Genealogy": "The genealogy of the Mai family of the Yu family, maybe you ask where the surname comes from? It is said: Ququ is Mai." In the Western Jin Dynasty, there was Prime Minister Qu, who was a native of Songyang County, Chuzhou Prefecture, Zhejiang Province. During the Wuhu Rebellion, in order to avoid the chaos of war, he took his 24 relatives and changed his name to the Mai family and moved to Baishunli, Shixing County. Then it became another branch of the Mai family.

5. The surname comes from He Raofeng in the Sui Dynasty. It was changed to Mai after Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty granted the surname. According to the "Mai Family Genealogy": "In the Sui Dynasty, a man with an iron staff conquered Liaodong and made many military exploits. He served as a general in Shitun. He traveled hundreds of miles a day, ate three buckets of wheat, and all three talents became officials. "During the Sui Dynasty, the father of the iron staff had a surname of He and a given name of Zeng Wei. In middle age, he gave birth to two sons, the eldest son Rao Feng, named Iron Staff, and the second son Rao Rui. Because of He Tiezhang's repeated military exploits, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty asked him what position he would like to have. Tiezhang replied: "I wish I could fight wheat during the eclipse of the sun." Emperor Wen then gave him the surname Mai and became the ancestor of the Mai family in Lingnan. His descendants passed down the surname Mai. It's called Mai's. Mai Tiezhang later became the founding father of the Sui Dynasty and a general with outstanding achievements. Tiezhang's younger brother Rao Rui still has the surname He.

6. The Hui people have the surname Mai. The surname Mai among the Hui people is taken from the first sound of the ancestral name. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were Maishuding (Maishuding) who was appointed as Zhongshu Tingzhang and Maishuding as Daluhuachi in Yiwu County (now part of Zhejiang). In addition, "Maisad-Din" can also be translated as "Maisad-Din", so the surnames Mai and Mai also have a certain relationship. Today, sutra names starting with 'Mai' are still in use, such as "Mai Zhaer". The Hui people with the surname Mai are mainly distributed in the northwest region.

2. Migration distribution

( Part) Mai is a rare surname in Chinese society. It cannot be found in the Song Dynasty version of "Hundred Family Surnames". In many surname introduction books, the surname Mai is not included in some books, even if it is introduced. It's just two or three simple sentences. For today's descendants of the Mai family who want to trace their roots, there are very few reference materials to explore the origin of the surname. Based on the collection of data, this article will introduce the origin of the Mai family and explain the origin of the above five Mai family names. According to the Mai family genealogy or current place name records in various places, the time when the Mai family moved south from Zhuji Lane to the Pearl River Delta is inconsistent. There are records from the Shaoxing, Shaoding, Kaixi, and Xianchun dynasties. However, "based on the Chongxia genealogy of the other houses, it is found that Dunya Gong, the first ancestor of the Yi Dynasty, came to escape the chaos in the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136). The arrival of Bigong should be at the same time." "Wubigong was born around the years of Yuanfeng and Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty. Most of the official family names recorded in each genealogy are consistent with the three sects of Hui, Qin and Gao. Then Wu Bigong moved to the south and stayed with Dunya Gong in the early years of Emperor Gaozong's reign in Shaoxing. "The migration of the Mai family from Zhuji Lane to the Pearl River Delta was a major migration, which was related to the politics at that time. The biggest impact of the Zhuji Lane people's southward migration was the Luo Gui southward migration incident in the Southern Song Dynasty mentioned above. At that time, 97 families with 33 surnames lived in Shaoxing From the 16th of the first lunar month to the 26th of April in the first year of the lunar calendar, they traveled across the state and counties to Gulang and other villages in Daliang, Gangzhou, and received the care of the native Gong Yingda. When they arrived in the Pearl River Delta, they each "cleared the land." "Grow food, build grass to build a house", open up bases, support each other, get married, and live in harmony. The Mai family of Zhishan is a descendant of Bixiong Gong. The basis is: before Heshan County was established (that is, in the tenth year of Yongzheng's reign) Before 1732), the Mai family of Zhishan lived in the area under the banyan tree at the east end of Gangtouko Village, Kunyang Township, which all belonged to Xinhui County.

At the same time, the Mai family in Kuo Village was adjacent to the Chen family in Daling Village, and the events that happened in the two villages coincided with each other. The "Heshan County Chronicle" written by Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty recorded: "In the sixth month of summer in the first year of Emperor Bing Xiangxing's reign (1278), Emperor Zhou Next, Emperor Bing stationed at Yamen, with more than 200,000 militiamen, and all the necessary supplies were obtained from Guangyou. Chen Yuanfu and Chen Yingfu, who were from Daling Village, used their ancestors as emperors to advise the officials. They were favored by the country and were extremely righteous. King Qin sent out thousands of tons of millet to pay his troops.” The genealogy mentioned above in this article states: “Mai Bixiong lived in Xinhui, and during the reign of Emperor Bing, he went out to provide relief.” This means that the Mai family in Zhishan is a descendant of Duke Bixiong. Later, the branches of the Mai family in Zhishan expanded, and they lived in Sihe Daping, Daguantian (Maiwu Old Village and New Village), Hecheng Shangmaiwu, Xiamaiwu and Shashi Ershui. In this way, the Mai family walked out of an ancient alley and headed towards the Pearl River Delta, to countries all over the world, and to the big stage of modern society (outlined). Mai's surname was Wangju Runan County (now south of central Henan Province and the area north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province).

3. Historical celebrities

Mai Tiezhang: named Rao Feng, nicknamed Tiezhang, his father Zeng Wei, his mother Liang, a native of Shixing, Guangdong Province, born in 558 AD. He contributed to the Sui Dynasty, made many military exploits, and was given official titles and surnames. He was granted the title of Kaifu Yitong Sansi, Youzhu Kingdom, and moved to Youtunwei General. He was given the surname Mai. He served as the governor of Laizhou and the prefect of Runan. He died in the "Battle of Liaodong" in March of the eighth year of Daye (612). He was posthumously awarded the title of Guanglu Doctor, Feng Su Guogong, Zhiyong Wulie General, and the posthumous title of Wulie. He was buried in his hometown and was buried in Baibai, Nanxiong County, Lingnan. The tombstone is engraved with the words "Tomb of Gongmai Iron Staff of the Sui Dynasty" on the tombstone along the great water.

Mai Mengcai: courtesy name Zhileng, the son of Mai Tiezhang, Guo Lie has a fatherly style, the emperor worships Wu Benlang general because of his loyalty to his general and his kindness to Xi. When facing the difficulties in Jiangdu, he was determined to take revenge. He made friends with Qian Jiesu, a general of Wu Yalang, and the two said to each other: "I have been grateful to the Dutch country for a long time, and I have been sincere and honest. Now the traitors and ministers are killing the rebels, and the country is in ruins. There is no discipline to keep. How can we live in this world!" ” With tears streaming down his face and a sigh of relief, he went to Xianfu Palace to invite Yu Wenji to attack. When the incident happened, Chen Lai's son humbly informed him about it, and his party Shen Guang was destroyed and harmed. The loyal and righteous people mourned Yan Guangzongzhi, who was also a native of Wuxing. His father lived in Taoism and served as Minister of the Ministry of Personnel. Chen Mie, moved to his parents' home. The crown prince bravely introduced the bachelor's degree. Later, he served as a deputy to the Han Dynasty's Liang Mansion. However, Liang was defeated and removed from his post.

Mai Xiande: A native of Raoping County, Guangdong Province. Joined the Chinese People's Liberation Army in March 1964. Joined the Communist Party of China in August 1965. In the early morning of August 6, 1965, the Chinese People's Liberation Army's Shantou Marine Police District ship unit engaged in a fierce battle with the Kuomintang Navy's Jianmen and Zhangjiang warships in the sea area east of Dongshan Island in Fujian. During the battle, the engine room of the corvette No. 611 he was on was shot, three main engines were damaged, and all electromechanical soldiers were injured. He was hit in the forehead by shrapnel, his brain tissue was exposed, and he lost consciousness. The cabin of the boat began to seep water and the situation was critical. After regaining consciousness, he broke away from his comrades who were rescuing him. With his strong sense of fighting, he endured severe pain and with amazing perseverance, he returned to the machine and continued to hold his position. He and his comrades checked the pipes, valves, switches and joints over and over again. The fault was eliminated in time to ensure the normal operation of the engine, and the battle position was maintained for 3 hours until the battle was won. After the war, he was awarded first-class merit. On February 4, 1966, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China awarded him the title of Model Communist Youth League Member. On February 23 of the same year, the Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China awarded him the title of Combat Hero. In July 1987, he attended the Military Hero Model Representative Conference. In 1988, he was awarded the rank of captain of the Navy and later served as deputy commander of the Shantou Water Police District of the Navy.

4. Junwangtang No.

1. Junwang

Runan County: Han Runan County governed Shangcai (now northwest of Shangcai, Henan Province). The Eastern Jin Dynasty governed Xuanhu City, which is now Runan County, Henan Province. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Runan County was Caizhou (formerly named Yuzhou).

2. Hall names

The main hall names of Mai surname are: "Shixing Hall", "Xumutang", etc.

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Universal couplets for the ancestral hall with the surname Mai

〖Universal couplets with four characters for the ancestral hall with the surname Mai〗

The law suppresses the peaceful atmosphere.

——An anonymous couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Mai

The first couplet refers to Mai Mengcai, a native of Shixing in the Sui Dynasty. He was named Zhileng and had a strong and decisive personality. He had the iron staff of his father Mai style. Official Wu Ben Zhonglang General.

Xialiandian refers to the wheat iron staff, which is brave and strong. During the Kaihuang period, he was an official chariot and cavalry general, following Yang Su in the northern expedition to the Turks. He was the first to conquer the Turks in every battle. He entered the Zhuguo due to his merits and enforced strict laws and regulations.

The beginning of the ancestral business;

The voice of the country.

——The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Mai written by an anonymous person

The whole couplet refers to the iron stick of Mai, who was born in the beginning of the Sui Dynasty and was granted the title of Duke of Sui.

There are also more Mai's families in Xingtan Mai Village and Jun'an, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province