The diving fish wishes to be in the depths, but it is clear that there is no way to escape. Peng Ze was at this time, Shen Ming was a great man. Sima is as cold as ashes, with a golden knife in his hands. At the end of the year, the word line is used, and the new name is Yuanliang. Looking at Zhuge with sadness, he looked as dirty as the Han Dynasty. At that time, there was no pastor in Yizhou, so he commanded the generals. My whole life is devoted to my heart, and I read the waves of the river over time. In his spare time, he works as a communicator and writes for nine days. There has always been no one, but this friend is the only one worthy of my respect. I have just made wine, so there is no need to drink it. If you want to recruit a thousand-year-old soul, you should be polite or polite. ——Song Dynasty·Huang Tingjian's "Sujiu Pengze Huai Tao Ling" Sujiu Pengze Huai Tao Ling The diving fish wishes to be deep and vague, and Yuan Ming has no way to escape.

At this time, Peng Ze was the most powerful person in the world.

Sima is as cold as ashes, with ritual music and a golden knife.

At the end of the year, the word line is used, and the new number is Yuanliang.

Looking at Zhuge with sadness, he looked as dirty as the Han Dynasty.

At that time, there was no pastor in Yizhou, so the generals were commanded.

My whole life I have always been in love with my heart, and I have read the waves of the river over the years.

In his spare time, he works as a communicator and writes for nine days.

There has never been anyone else, but this friend is the only one I can count on.

I have just made wine, so there is no need to drink it.

If you want to recruit souls of thousands of years, you should be polite. Writing Praise Translation and Notes

Translation

The lurking fish hopes to hide in a remote place, and the deep water is clear and the fish has nowhere to escape.

Pengze County once buried the unparalleled hero Tao Yuanming in ancient times.

The ritual music produced by the Liu family in the Han Dynasty declined greatly in the hands of the Sima family.

After middle age, Tao Yuanming only used the font name. When he wanted to revive Chaogang, he called it Yuanliang.

He sadly remembers Zhuge, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, and his upright and stubborn personality is similar to his.

It is a pity that there was no Liu Bei, the governor of Yizhou, who could appoint talented people and command good generals.

As a result, Yuan Ming had no hope of stabilizing the country in his life, but he had to spend his time in the world.

The exquisite poems left in the sky are as beautiful as if they were written from the sky.

There are no respectable people from ancient times to the present, but Yuanming is the most worthy of friendship and admiration.

Unfortunately, I just quit drinking, so I couldn't pour a glass of wine to offer him.

If you want to bring back his soul from thousands of years ago, perhaps this poem is appropriate and appropriate. Creation background: This poem was written in the winter of the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), the third year of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty. At that time, the valley moved from Beijing to Taihe County in Jizhou and passed through Pengze County. He recalled Tao Yuanming, who had served as the county magistrate here, and wrote this poem. . Huang Tingjian has always believed that filial piety and loyalty to friends are the foundation of life. Based on this belief, he made a distinctive evaluation of Tao Yuanming. Appreciation

The first two sentences are generally considered to be the meaning of Taoling's name, that is, although he wants to hide, he cannot escape into the abyss. However, this explanation is inconsistent with the following meaning. The Chronicle of Mr. Tao Jingjie written by Wu Renjie of the Southern Song Dynasty states that it is easy to live in hiding if you are deep in the water. If the bottom of the pool is clear, you cannot hide, so Tao Ling changed his name to Qian in his later years. Here in the valley, an allusion from "Zhuangzi Geng Sangchu" is used: "Therefore, birds and beasts never tire of heights, and fish and turtles never tire of depths. People who fully understand their shapes and forms hide their bodies, and they never tire of depths." The following two sentences It is said that Tao Yuanming was a hero in his life, but he abandoned his official position and went into seclusion after serving Peng Zeling for only more than 80 days. The valley calls him "the great man of the world" and it is well-founded. When he was a boy, he had "a strong ambition to travel all over the world." In his middle age, he often lamented that "there was no success in his ambition." And he has lost his trace again. Gu Gu believes that it is because "Sima is as cold as ashes, and his rites and music are like gold swords." This means that the Sima family's Eastern Jin Dynasty was like ashes cooling by this time, and Liu Yu was already good at politics. Military power. The Liu family was arrogant and unruly in troubled times, so Xiang Ling decided to live in peace. The valley compares Tao Ling with Shu Village, praising its ability to maintain high moral integrity.

The valley's praise of Tao Ling is based on certain historical books. Shen Yue's "Book of Song: Tao Qian's Biography" says: "Since my great-grandfather was the Prime Minister and Assistant of the Jin Dynasty, he was ashamed to submit to a different generation. Since the great ancestor's royal career gradually grew, he no longer wanted to serve." His great-grandfather Tao Kan was the founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and an official. To Da Sima. As a descendant of Tao Kan, it is reasonable for him to be attached to the old dynasty and unwilling to serve in the Song Dynasty. But some people have long expressed doubts about Shen Yue's statement. When Tao Ling resigned from Pengze and returned to his fields in the first year of Emperor Yixi of Jin'an (405), Liu Yugang, as a low-status general, was temporarily promoted to the governor of eight states. ) still have fifteen years.

It cannot be said that the reason for his resignation was "being ashamed to surrender to a different generation". Even if he was dissatisfied with Liu Yu at the time, it was impossible to foresee the outcome of Liu Yu usurping the Jin Dynasty in the future. Gu Gu is knowledgeable and knowledgeable, and is familiar with historical records. His theory of Shen Yue is based on the Confucian concept of loyalty and filial piety. Valley's theory had a great influence on later generations. Since the Southern Song Dynasty, "loyalty and indignation" has become popular to explain Tao Ling's later works, which is inseparable from Valley's poem.

"At the end of the year, the word line is used, and the name is changed to Yuanliang" The poetic meaning is that Tao Ling's name in the Jin Dynasty was Yuanming. After Liu Yu usurped the throne, he took the name Yuanming and changed his name to Yuanliang. It is different from the Jin and Song Dynasties. Wu Renjie's "Chronology of Mr. Tao Jingjie" has long pointed out that the two sentences in the valley are inherited from the "subtitle Yuan Ming" in "The Story of Hermitage in Southern History". In fact, Tao Ling's name was Yuanming in the Jin Dynasty, with the courtesy name Yuanliang, but he changed his name to Qian in the Song Dynasty, still with the courtesy name Yuanliang. The most convincing evidence is Yan Yanzhi's "Edict of Tao Zhengshi" which once said: "There was Tao Yuanming, a scholar hired by the Jin Dynasty." Since Tao Ling was a minister of the Jin Dynasty, it is appropriate to use his old name Yuanming. Yan Yanzhi and Tao Ling were good friends, so the name used in the "Elegance" written to mourn the death of his friend should not be wrong. The valley is known as "Considering Anger", so it is natural to adopt the explanation of "Southern History". Tao Ling was already named Yuanliang in the Jin Dynasty, but the valley gave rise to the theory of "Gengshi's nickname Yuanliang". This was to use the theme and make it easier to portray Tao Ling as an ideal character.

He said that Tao Ling changed his name because he wanted to compare himself with Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of the Shu-Han Dynasty. He wanted to revive the Han Dynasty, and Han and thieves vowed to be incompatible. However, during the Jin and Song dynasties, ministers rushed to join him. Tao Ling saw that there were not many people who favored the old dynasty, and he felt miserable. Although he is miserable, he is still "dirty", that is, strong and unyielding. Valley regretted that there was no Yizhou pastor, namely Liu Bei, so Yuan Ming could not achieve Zhuge Liang's achievements. In the history of Chinese literature, the poem "Gu Gu" compares Zhuge Liang to Yuan Ming for the first time, which is truly original. Gong Zizhen, a poet of the Qing Dynasty, also said that "Yuan Ming resembles Wolong Hao". It can be said that he was inspired by this poem.

Although Yuanming was loyal to his dynasty, years passed and his ambition was not fulfilled. Only his good poems were handed down. Yuanming's poetry and prose were not taken seriously in the Southern Dynasties, but they were generally praised in the Tang Dynasty. His literary fame reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. Su Shi and Tao wrote more than 100 poems, which were said to be unmatched by Cao, Liu, and Li Du. This poem by Gu Gu was called "writing in the nine heavens". Because he respected Yuanming's "loyalty and indignation" and his poems, Gugu said: "There has never been anyone but this friend." This means that there were many ancient people who could be friends with him, among which Yuanming was the most important. . Shang You's words from "Mencius: Wan Zhang 2" can be said to be the guide for Gu Gu to write this poem, which means that Shang You was a friend of the ancients. To understand his poems, you must understand his personality and the era in which he lived. . After a comprehensive investigation, Gu Gu believed that Yuan Ming was the most worthy of his respect. I was supposed to drink a cup of wine to pay homage, but as I was quitting drinking, this ceremony was omitted. The concluding sentence is that I imitated "Chu Ci: Summoning Souls" and wrote this poem to summon Yuan Ming's soul. Huang Tingjian (1045.8.9-1105.5.24), courtesy name Luzhi, nicknamed Valley Taoist, later nicknamed Fu Weng, was born in Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province). He was a famous writer and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. The founder of the Jiangxi Poetry School at that time, together with Du Fu, Chen Shidao and Chen Yuyi, was known as the "one ancestor and three sects" (Huang Tingjian was one of them). Together with Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi, and Qin Guan, they all studied under Su Shi's sect, and they were collectively known as the "Four Scholars of the Su School". During his lifetime, he was as famous as Su Shi and was known as "Su Huang" in the world. He is the author of "Valley Ci", and Huang Tingjian's calligraphy is also unique, and he is one of the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty".

Huang Tingjian Guess you like the mandarin tiles that have been frosted, and I want to send them cold clothes instead of hurting myself. It is said that Zheng's husband loses weight easily and has good appearance. Measure carefully when you return to your dream. I support my pillow in an empty room and wipe the anvil clean to see the moonlight. It was late autumn and it was a lonely night, desolate. When the month goes to the southwest, it becomes even more heartbreaking. ——Nalan Xingde, Qing Dynasty, "Nanxiangzi·Daoyi"

Nanxiangzi·Daoyi The mandarin tiles have been frosted, and I want to send cold clothes to myself. It is said that Zheng's husband loses weight easily and has good appearance. Measure carefully when you return to your dream.

I stand on my pillow in an empty room, and wipe the anvil clean to see the moonlight. It was late autumn and it was a lonely night, desolate. When the month goes to the southwest, it becomes even more heartbreaking. Writing about people, I use up my heart for the country and the people with sadness and sorrow. I pray for some rain that is worth gold and jade. I have been hoping for nothing for several years. Once it gets wet, I call the province scorched and withered. I am happy that everything is as spring as before. I hate that the refugees are still on the way and cannot keep them. They all abandoned their careers and families, and those who could not afford it also left their hometowns. [Liangzhou] I wish I could turn the wild grass into millet and turn the sand into golden beads. Even if I make thousands of families rich, I will not receive the gift of heaven in vain. There is no point in looking at the disaster, I only end up with snow all over my head. [End] Qingtian thanks you for your help, I will sigh from now on. I just hope that the rain will not stop for three days, so I go down to the street like five lakes, all of which are connected to nine thoroughfares, but I still can't wash away the suffering I have suffered in the past.

——Zhang Yanghao, Yuan Dynasty, "A Flower·Ode to Happy Rain"

A Flower·Ode to Happy Rain

Yuan Dynasty: Zhang Yanghao Read more These are worth gold and jade rain, and they have been looked forward to in vain for several years. Once they are wet, they call the province scorched and withered. I am happy that everything is spring as before. I hate that the refugees are still on the way. They abandon their careers and homes if they can't stay, and they leave their hometowns if they can't.

[Liangzhou] I wish I could turn the wild grass into beetles and turn the sand into golden beads.

Even if thousands of families become wealthy, I will not receive my fortune in vain.

There is no point in looking at disasters and injuries, I only end up with snow on my head.

[End] Qingtian is grateful for your help, and I will sigh from now on.

I only wish that the rain would not stop for three days, so I would go down to the street, which is like five lakes.

Even after crossing the nine thoroughfares, I still can’t wash away the suffering I suffered in the past. ▲ Ode to things, writing about the rain, worrying about the country and the people, falling from the sky, flying to the ground, and occupying many fields in vain. You were the one who killed Wu Min by freezing! Is it national auspiciousness? ——Zhang Mingshan, Yuan Dynasty, "The Wind of Falling Plum Blossoms·Song of Snow"

The Wind of Falling Plum Blossoms·Song of Snow. Falling plum blossoms fall all over the sky and fly to the ground, occupying many fields in vain. You were the one who killed Wu Min by freezing! Is it national auspiciousness? Writing about snow, satirizing the powerful