Compulsory knowledge of five classical Chinese in senior high school 1
Come home, Xi word
First, interchangeable characters
(1) Resistant to war and constant (balance, through "horizontal", vertical and horizontal)
I don't care whether I will stay (I don't know why)
(3) The scene is descending to enter (scene, through "shadow", sunshine)
Second, the different meanings of ancient and modern times
1. relatives
Ancient meaning: internal relatives, external relatives; Modern significance: a court or its members who are married or related by blood to their own family.
2. Love words
Ancient meaning: self-confidence; Today's meaning: love words between men and women
Have something to do.
Ancient meaning: farming; Today's meaning: refers to something.
Gentle and elegant
Ancient meaning: the appearance is deep and tortuous; Modern meaning: refers to a quiet and beautiful woman.
5. Newcomers
Ancient meaning: things in the future; Today's meaning: people who come.
Ask the husband
Ancient meaning: pedestrians; The soldiers are going to fight.
7. Help the elderly
Ancient meaning: walking stick; Today's meaning: supporting the elderly
8. Storm
Ancient meaning: refers to war; Modern meaning: often used as a metaphor for trouble.
9. Personnel department
Ancient meaning: refers to being an official; Modern significance: refers to the employment, deployment, rewards and punishments of employees.
10. Go or stay
Ancient meaning: refers to life and death; Today's meaning: leave and stay
1 1. Found
Ancient meaning: soon; Modern significance: looking for
12.
Ancient meaning: interaction, all; Modern meaning: common meanings such as "making friends" and "transportation".
Third, the flexible use of parts of speech
(A) the flexible use of nouns
1. Nouns as adverbials
1) Garden Day becomes an interesting masterpiece, every day, every day.
(2) when the name of the horn and vision, sometimes
2. Nouns as verbs
(1) The policy of helping the elderly is to support the elderly by relying on the flow and selling the elderly.
(2) Music books are written in the name of relieving anxiety, playing the piano and reading books.
(3) or rowing.
(4) actually lost, not far from fame, lost.
(B) the flexible use of verbs
1. verb as noun
(1) The name born of action, life.
(2) Review the name of Yi 'an movement of the knee, the hut of the knee.
2. Verbs as adverbials
I feel my life journey is like a gesture.
(C) the flexible use of adjectives
1. adjectives as nouns
(1) leaning against the south window, I feel proud and proud.
(2) Bring children into the room as names, children, children.
2. Adjectives as adverbials
The fear of remote service forms an adverbial, pointing to the distance.
(4) Causative usage
The use of the adjective "Yi 'an" makes ... happy.
(2) Ding Ke uses the adjective Yi Yan as ... Happy.
(5) The usage of conation
1. Love words from relatives in Yue, and take ... as a kind of fun.
(2) Music books can eliminate anxiety, for ... for happiness.
(3) When everything is fine, the adjectives conation and ... are fine.
Fourth, the word is polysemy.
1. OK
promote/begin/get up/perhaps/a surname/interest
(1) Feeling my life journey, Hugh's Back to Xi Ci (adverb, will, will. )
(2) For a threesome, there must be six Analects of Confucius (verb, go. )
For my son's trip, there is also a "dish war" (verb, leave, go. )
(4) the trip to the sun and the moon, if it comes from "watching the sea" (verb, run. )
⑤ Yu Jiaqi can learn from the ancient road and write Shi Shuo (verb, implementation, execution). )
If you are afraid of quitting, you will be late for your behavior. )
⑦ I've been practicing "Xinlingjun steals a spell to save Zhao" for decades (noun, character. )
⑧ Pipa Xing (Xing) is a genre of ancient poetry. )
yellow
(1) two orioles singing green willows, a line of white dew on the blue sky Du Fu quatrains (quantifier, row, row. )
(2) stand on tiptoe between teams and rise in the building "On Qin" (referring to the army. )
(3) Han Tian Zi, my father-in-law also biography of Su Wu (noun, degress. )
Step 2 introduce
(1) Ding Zhuang led the way to fight "A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise" (verb, bow, bow. )
(2) Like "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" (verb, pull, lead. )
(3) lead the pot to think about "Hui Ci" (verb, take it, take it. )
(4) There was a nine-guest ceremony in the imperial court, quoting the biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru written by Zhao Lin Xiangru (verb, please, quote. )
(5) On the first day of the war, stabilize the army and lead Battle of Red Cliffs in the north of the Yangtze River (verb, avoid, retreat. )
⑥ Don't sell yourself short, give examples (verbs, quotations, quotations). )
⑦ Dare to exhaust your feelings and quote Preface to Wang Tengting (noun, preface, preface. )
multiply
the Chen Dynasty
① Talking about multiplication should return to the end of Qu Xi Ci (verb, follow, follow). )
② The battle between men and spoons in Cao Gui Debate (verb, ride, sit, drive. )
3 take advantage of the situation and kill the world "on Qin" (preposition, rely on, use. )
(4) Gu Zhao wrote Since the Republic of China and took the opportunity to write Preface (verb, interaction and connection).
⑤ The Imperial Capital rides a snowstorm ... As for Tai 'an's "Climbing Mount Tai" (verb, braving the wind and waves, holding on. )
promote/begin/get up/perhaps/a surname/interest
(1) Therefore, Chang 'an Jun rode a car, saying "Touching the dragon and talking about Empress Zhao" (quantifier, four horses in ancient times were one ride. )
(2) The battle of dishes represented by Wei Xian and Niu Twelve ("Big Four"). )
Step 4: Strategy
(1) the policy and in the "Ma Shuo" (noun, bamboo whip. )
(2) Help the elderly to rest. )
(3) The twelve turns of Ce Xun were rewarded with "Mulan Poetry" (the same as "Book") by 100,000 strong men. )
(4) Mongolia's heritage, because "Guo Qinlun" heritage (noun, strategy. )
(5) It is the second policy, not denying Qin Gui's Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru (noun, conspiracy, stratagem. )
review
(1) Investigate Rong's Yi 'an Kneeling, "De-Ci" (verb, understand, know. )
(2) Therefore, it can be seen that the trip to the sun and the moon, the change of Yin and Yang "check gold" (verb, investigate, observe. )
(3) After the autumn trial, I was sent to prison. )
6. Committee
I don't care whether to go or stay. )
(2) For example, "My skilled cow helps me" (verb, disperse, pile up. )
(3) Baiyue Wang bowed his head and tightened his neck, and entrusted Baiguan "Guo Qinlun" (verb, entrusted. )
(4) Walk with others, leaving behind "Chen Taiqiu and friendship" (verb, give up, give up. )
7. Pregnant
One day, the weather was fine, and I went to see Return to Xi Word (verb, nostalgia, cherish. )
(2) There is also "The Story of Yueyang Tower" (verb, miss, miss. )
(3) The bride is a government official and grateful for "Peacock flies southeast" (noun, tone. )
(4) in the name of obedience, but with hesitation, Battle of Red Cliffs (verb, hidden in my heart. )
⑤ Your sister carries a neck inscription (verb, chest) in my arms. )
6. With his treasure, he died on the road of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru Biography (verb, carrying. )
8. and
(1) Today's sleep is not tied with yesterday's conjunctions.
(2) Although doors are set up, they are often closed.
③ When correcting the head, modify the conjunctions from a distance.
(4) Birds know when they are tired of flying.
⑤ The spring trickled and began to flow.
9.intelligence
(1) If you realize the past without remonstrating, those who know it can pursue it. Auxiliary words, take independence
(2) hate the morning auxiliary words and take them alone.
(3) please the love words of relatives and walk independently.
(4) When everything is fine, I feel that my life journey is to take auxiliary words and independence.
⑤ Hu Weiwei is a verb of what he wants, what he wants and what he wants.
6. The pronoun "Seeking the Inevitable Road", which
⑦ Auxiliary words of commonweal, yes.
There will be four auxiliary words, yes
⑨ Comprehend my life journey.
10. After
(1) Self-mind, as a form of service preposition, makes and makes.
(2) The ship is decorated with a light conjunction, "He".
(3) The farmer told Yu Yichun and the preposition, let go.
(4) The pot-leading merchants should make conjunctions as appropriate.
⑤ Talk about multiplication to complete conjunctions and modify tables.
⑥ Garden Day involves interesting conjunctions to show the results.
⑦ Mu Xinxin uses prosperous conjunctions to express decoration.
8 Ask the recruiter for the preposition in front.
Pet-name ruby music book eliminate worry conjunctions, table purpose.
Farming is not enough for self-sufficiency
⑾ governors take love as a virtue preposition, put
⑿ Uncle Jia used a bad preposition because, because.
[13] The policy helps the flow of rest conjunctions for the elderly, which is equivalent to "harmony".
Verb (abbreviation of verb) special sentence pattern
A verdict.
Everyone is selfish (judged by "all")
(2) Inverted sentences
1. Preposition structure postposition (adverbial postposition)
(1) Xichou will have something.
(2) Farmers told Yu Yichun and
(3) Ask the recruiter the way forward.
2. Preposition object
(1) How to ask after driving (prepositional object sentence, the pronoun in the question is prepositional object)
(2) What Hu Weiwei wants (prepositional object sentence, the pronoun in the question is the prepositional object)
(3) The Destiny of Love revisits the doubtful points (prepositional object sentence, the pronoun in the question is prepositional object)
(4) they are all self-serving (prepositional object sentence, pronoun "self" is prepositional object)
passive sentence
(1) Self-centered formal service (for, be)
② Therefore, it is regarded as a small city (see, be).
elliptical sentence
(1) How long does it take to form a space? (omitting the preposition "Yu")
(2) Young children wait for the door (keep the preposition "in")
(3) (Yu) pregnant, (Yu) hard to find (save the subject "Yu")
So (Yu) is disappointed and generous, and deeply ashamed of his lifelong ambition (save the subject "Yu")
⑤ (Yu) or a towel cart, (Yu) or a boat.
(5) Fixed sentence patterns
Load Xin load Ben (load ... load ...: when ...; And ... and ...)
Example: Singing and dancing with hunger and thirst.
High school Chinese compulsory five classical Chinese compulsory knowledge II
Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion
First of all, through the vacation space
(1) depends on the gentleman to play it by ear ("machine" through "a few", omen. But because the gentleman saw a subtle omen. )
(2) Yan Yan is on the road ("strictness" means "strictness" and rectification. Driving on the highway. )
(3) Clouds sell rain, and the color is clear (the "sales" pass the "elimination" and dissipate. The clouds stopped raining, the sun was shining and the sky was clear. )
Second, the different meanings of ancient and modern times
Be strong even if you are poor (poor: in a difficult situation. Nowadays, it is often used to indicate poverty. The situation is difficult, but the will is stronger. )
② A scholar (humble: one. "Jie" quantifier. Now it is often used to mean "introduction" and "between". A scholar. )
(3) there is no way to volunteer, until the last army is weak (weak crown means twenty years old, in ancient times, twenty years old was a weak year. I don't have this intention today. I am the same age as the final army, but I have no chance to volunteer to serve the country. )
(4) It is difficult to have a grand feast (again: the second time. Today is equivalent to "you" Xunyi: It is difficult to meet for the second time. )
⑤ Please sprinkle Pan Jiang and pour clouds on each side (cloud: modal particle, used at the end of the sentence, indicating that the statement is finished. I don't have this intention today. Please try your best to write good works like Pan Yue and Lu Ji. )
⑥ Teng Jiao, a poet of Meng (bachelor, an official specializing in literary creation. Now it is often used to refer to a degree. Meng, who is widely expected in the literary world, is brilliant, like a dragon flying like a phoenix. )
⑦ Ruan Ji is rampant (rampant, wild and informal; This refers to arrogance and debauchery. )
8 Please welcome Wan Li (please welcome, please welcome; This refers to speaking and doing things deliberately to cater to the wishes of others. )
Pet-name ruby lad (lad, modest, junior, epigenetic; Today refers to children. )
Attending the bright color (color, sunshine; Today refers to color. )
Third, the flexible use of parts of speech
(A) the flexible use of nouns
1. Nouns as adverbials
① The fog column in Xiongzhou, and Cai Jun's "fog" and "star" are nouns as adverbials, which are translated as "fog" and "star".
② It was a heavy night when going out. When there was no land in the next place, both "Shang" and "Xia" were nouns as adverbials, which translated as "Shang" and "Xia".
2. Nouns as verbs
(1) Every word is given "fu", and nouns are used as verbs, meaning "layout".
② Eye Wu puts "eye" in the cloud, with nouns as verbs and eyes.
(3) The smoke condenses into sunset purple, which is purple.
(4) Xu Qiu's "Xu Qiu" has become a barren hill ruins.
3. Noun conation
"Jin" and "Dai" covering three rivers and five lakes are intentional usages of nouns, which are respectively interpreted as "taking … as a skirt" and "taking … as a belt".
(B) the flexible use of adjectives
① Four beauties and two difficulties, and "beauty" and "difficulty" are adjectives and used as nouns. "Beauty" refers to "beautiful things" and "difficulty" refers to "rare people".
(2) Both the host and the guest are in the southeast. "Beauty" refers to Jie Jun.
Causative usage of verbs
Make a fan under the couch and put ... down.
② Teng Jiao makes the phoenix soar and make ... empty; Get up and do ... take off.
(3) Kawasawa's surprise ...
(4) Changsha bend Jia Yi, make ...
(5) Guide the loud sound in the sea, and make ... escape.
Fourth, the word is polysemy.
1. Do:
(1) The guest and the host are beauty adverbs of southeast, capital and capital.
(2) The adjective "the water is cold and the pool is clear" is gone forever.
(3) Talking about the verb of multiplication ending ("going west"), death, death.
(4) One muscle and one capacity are the most beautiful adverbs ("Epanggong Fu").
2. Winning:
(1) Win friends like a cloud adjective, talented.
(2) bow every win an adjective, grand.
(3) Resort is not often an adjective, it is beautiful, beautiful.
(4) The donkey is angry, and the hoof ("the donkey of Guizhou") is tolerant and competent.
(5) Put in deep sorrow and hidden lament, and tell more in silence than in sound (Preface to Pipa).
If the punishment is invincible, the world will be rebellious ("Hongmen Banquet") adjectives, and it will be finished if you do it.
3. Poverty:
(1) sound poor peng stupid adverb, do.
(2) Zhongtian adverb I am poor.
(3) poor and helpful nouns, because of Eritrea, in a difficult situation.
(4) Is it effective to cry at the end of the road?
Poverty is the only way to protect yourself, and achievement is the best way to help the world ("Mencius") adjective, poverty.
4. Give up:
(1) Give up the old verb, give up.
(2) give up the term "stiff limbs and unable to move" (preface to sending Dongyang Ma Sheng), guest house and residence.
(3) Retreat from three houses and avoid (The Battle of Chengpu) the distance of ancient marching.
Madam, please, I will give up (Iraq war) verbs, release, give up.
5. Advantages:
(1) parting adverbs, wills.
(2) Di Zi's Changzhou verb, oriented.
(3) Don't face the abyss and look down without knowing the thickness of the ground ("encourage learning"), and look down from high to low.
(4) When you look at it, the insects gather in the canopy ("promoting weaving") and approach.
6. Pregnancy:
(1) If you miss the emperor, you miss the verb.
(2) Have a pen noun and a mind.
(3) It is a verb to make his followers wear brown clothes, so that they are afraid of their walls and die (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) and carry it with them.
7. Preface:
(1) order belongs to Sanqiu nouns, chronological order.
(2) Preface and Wang Teng Pavilion Preface.
(3) Today, heroes are famous, geese are orderly (with Chen Bozhi's book), orderly and orderly.
(4) Sort the verbs in the same column (on Qin Dynasty) in eight states.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) special sentence pattern
1. attributive postposition sentence
(1) commander in chief Gong Yan's elegant hope; ② Fan Yi of Yuwen Xinzhou; ③ Meng Ci School.
(4) General Wang's armory (5) The weak crown of the final army (6) Changfeng.
2. Preposition object sentence
What does a boy know?
3. Adverbial Postposition Sentence
I am on the road, visiting the scenery, enjoying the sky, enjoying my leisure and looking forward to the public.
(4) Looking at Chang 'an in the sun, Wu Hui wants to escape to the sonorous sea and bend Jia Yi in Changsha.
High school Chinese compulsory five classical Chinese compulsory knowledge 3
Free walk
First of all, master the following keywords
1. Anger: Work hard.
2. Hey: The ring spirals upward. Rotation: whirlwind.
3. It is blocked.
4.Xi needs ... as a rhetorical question, where is it necessary?
5. Hey: The last day of the lunar calendar. New moon: the first day of each month in the lunar calendar.
6. Absolute: beyond.
Second, interchangeable words.
1. There are fish in the north (through "Hua", the sea)
2. Go back after three meals (through "return", return)
3. less knowledge is not as good as more knowledge.
4. Debate on size (through "discrimination", difference)
5. And (nài) those who recruit a country (through "tolerance", ability).
6. Ten days have five days and then reverse (through "again" and "return")
7. Debate on Six Qi (through "change", change)
8. Then there is today's practice (by relying on, relying on, relying on).
9. Its positive color is evil (through "yeah", modal particle)
10. Tang Zhi's question is both (through "Yi", modal particles)
1 1. Debate on the realm of honor and disgrace (distinguish by "discrimination")
12. There are five days in ten days and then the other way around (pass "you", used between integer and remainder)
Third, the different meanings of ancient and modern times.
1. although: ancient meaning: even so. Modern meaning: a conjunction indicating a turning point.
2. Sure enough: ancient meaning: very full. Modern meaning: adverb, indicating that the fact is consistent with what is said or expected.
3. Everyone: ancient meaning: ordinary people. Meaning: Most people.
4. Wild horse: ancient meaning: flowing fog. Today's meaning: wild horse
5. Angle: ancient meaning: whirlwind. Modern significance: the horn of sheep
6. Tianchi: Ancient meaning: a large pool formed naturally. Modern meaning: the name of the lake (in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province)
7. Shipping: ancient meaning: hypo turbulence; Modern significance: marine transportation
8. Off-year: ancient meaning: short life; Modern significance: refers to the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month, a folk festival.
9. Yes: ancient meaning: this; Today's meaning: as a judgment word
10. Control: ancient meaning: throw, fall; Modern significance: control
1 1. Insect: ancient meaning: referring to animals in general; Modern significance: bugs
12. Gun: ancient meaning: touch; Modern significance: a weapon that fires bullets.
Fourth, the flexible use of parts of speech
(A) nouns as adverbials
Water hammer is three thousand Li (water, on the water)
(b) Nouns as verbs
1.Xi Take Wan Li as nine and go south (Mingdong, go south).
2. Countdown (countdown, countdown, countdown)
(c) adjectives as nouns
People who write "Qi Xie" are also eccentric (named strange things)
(d) adjectives as verbs
Fly away in anger (anger, struggle, here refers to flapping wings)
(5) Causative usage
1. The combination of virtue and monarch, the characteristics of a country (together: make ... satisfied; Levi: making ... trust)
He is a blessing (bring, bring).
Five, the word polysemy
1 .1:
(1) Peng's migration to Nan Ming (between subject and predicate, sentence independence is abolished)
(2) The second bug and what do you know! (Pronoun, this)
(3) Poor North (auxiliary word, Germany)
2. Interest:
People who go to rest in June (noun, breath, here refers to the wind)
(2) The breath of creatures blows each other (noun, breath)
3. It:
Its negative wing is powerless (pronoun, Dai Peng)
(2) Its positive color is evil? Far away and everything is extremely evil? (conjunctions, table selection)
(3) They regard themselves as such (pronoun, they)
4. Take away:
Those who go to rest in June are also (preposition, shit)
(2) Biological boasting that the other party is interested (preposition, use)
Take eight thousand years old as spring (preposition, ba)
(4) Xi knows its nature (preposition, by)
(5) I have known Peng Zu for a long time (preposition, because)
Sixth, special sentence patterns
A verdict.
1. Those who write "Qi Xie" are also curious. (..., ... also)
In the poor north, there is a ghost sea and Tianchi Lake. (..., ... also)
3. Nanming, Tianchi also. (..., ... also)
This debate on minor issues is also (... is also).
5. This small year is also (... is also)
6. This New Year is also (... is also)
7. Although this is not necessary, it is also necessary for those who have something to do (…………………).
(2) Inverted sentences
1. Prepositional object sentence
Does Xi know it's not enough? (sentence of prepositional object = Xi knows it)
② Mo Yao (e) (prepositional object, = Mo Yao).
③ He and Shi Ye (prepositional object = He and Shi Ye)
(4) What does the second bug know (prepositional object = what does the second bug know)
(5) He is evil (wū) and treats him badly (prepositional object = He is evil and treats him badly)
2. Adverbial Postposition Sentence
(1) Cover the Au (āo) hall with a glass of water.
(2) the take-off between Artemisia selengensis (preposition structure is postpositioned, = the take-off between Artemisia selengensis)
(3) Those who go to rest in June are also (prepositional structure later = going to rest in June)
elliptical sentence
Soaring in the wormwood grass. (omitting the preposition "Yu")
(D) Fixed sentence patterns
1. its ... its ...: table selection, yes or no ...
Example: the sky is gray, and its positive color is evil? Far away and everything is extremely evil?
The sky is dark blue. Is it its true color? Or is it because the sky is too high to see the end? )
2.Xi needs ... as a rhetorical question, where is it necessary?
Example: Xi takes nine as Wan Li and the south as behavior.
Why do you fly to the heights of Wan Li and then go south? )
3. and husband: conjunctions, tables are progressive, and then.
4. deceased husband: modal particle, indicating that you want to make a comment and not translate it.
5. Ruofu: The conjunction means to lead to another topic, such as
Seven. Translation of difficult sentences
1.Xi What is he doing in Jiangnan, Wan Li?
How can I fly south with Wan Li?
2. Therefore, the husband knows that being an official is better than being in the countryside, and that virtue is one, and those who levy the country are also complacent.
Therefore, those who are smart and capable, can unite a country with kindness, can satisfy the monarch of a country with morality, and can trust the people of a country regard themselves as small as Yan.
3. If the husband resists the debate of six qi with the meaning of heaven and earth, who will swim endlessly and who will be evil (wū)?
As for those who follow the nature of all things in the world, master the changes of six qi, and roam in the endless realm, what do they rely on?
4. As the saying goes, saints have no self, gods are useless, and saints are nameless.
Therefore, people with high cultivation can forget themselves, people with supernatural cultivation have no intention of seeking work, and people with the highest cultivation have no intention of seeking fame.