Mark Twain (November 30, 1835 - April 21, 1910), formerly known as Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was an American Humorist, novelist, writer, and famous speaker, he was an outstanding representative of American realist literature in the late 19th century. Mark Twain was born in a poor lawyer's family in rural Florida, Missouri, on November 30, 1835. He died on April 21, 1910, at the age of 75, and was buried in Aymara, New York. William Faulkner praised Mark Twain as "the first truly American writer from whom we all descend."

Chinese name: Mark Twain Foreign name: Mark Twain Alias: Samuel Langham Clemen Nationality: American Place of Birth: The countryside of Florida, Missouri, USA Date of Birth: November 1835 Date of death on the 30th: April 21, 1910 Occupation: Writer, novelist, speaker Representative works: "One Million Pounds", "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn", "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer"

Mark Twain’s Works? Old Days on the Mississippi River? The Famous Frog of Calgary? A Fool’s Journey? Hard Times? Life on the Mississippi River? The Prince and the Pauper? The Wandering Abroad? The Adventures of Tom Sawyer? Haha The Adventures of Buckley Finn? The Wandering Naughty Boy? The Mysterious Stranger

Table of Contents Character Introduction Writing Style Artistic Characteristics Works Pseudonym Characters Life History Evaluation Mark Twain and Helen Keller

Expand character profile Writing style Artistic characteristics Works of pen names Characters Life and historical evaluation Mark Twain and Helen Keller

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The famous American writer Mark Twain Winmark Twain (15 photos), an outstanding representative of American realist literature in the late 19th century, is known as one of the most famous figures in the history of American literature. He is praised as an "American literary giant" and is good at writing satirical novels. He has a wide range of friends, including Disney, Wei Weide, Nikola Tesla, Helen Keller, and Henry Roger. He is known as the Lincoln in the history of literature. Helen Keller once said: "I like Mark Twain - who wouldn't like him? Even God will love him, give him wisdom, and draw a rainbow of love and faith in his heart. "William Faulkner called him "the first truly American writer, and we all inherit him." He is the master of American vernacular literature. Hemingway once said that "all contemporary American literature originated from a book called "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" by Mark Twain." He died on April 21, 1910, at the age of seventy-five, and was buried in Aymara, New York.

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It combines humor and satire. It is rich in unique personal wit and witty remarks, but also has profound social insights and analysis. It is a humorous and spicy novel. A masterpiece with a compassionate solemnity.

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Mark Twain is a famous humorous satirist, and his humorous and satirical style is unique. Lu Xun commented that Mark Twain was a great humorist, but his humor also contained sadness and irony, which is why he was unwilling to accept this. Mark Twain himself said: "You can't just be humorous, you must have higher ideals." Mark Twain's humorous satire not only pointed out the current ills, but also used exaggeration to amplify it for the world to see, hoping that society Become more perfect and ideal.

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His representative work is "Millions of Pounds". In the second semester of the Chinese language book of the fifth-grade primary school, the 24th lesson is called "The Magic of Money" 》P141~144. His article "Venice Boat" is also included in the Chinese language book of the fifth grade People's Education Press, Lesson 26, P153-154. His work "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" is included in the seventh grade Jiangsu Education Press Recommendations and reading of classics for the first semester of Chinese language textbooks. The second volume of sixth grade also has it.

His work "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer",

has been included in the 17th lesson of the second volume of the sixth grade primary school edition of the People's Education Press, the 6th unit text of the second volume of the eighth grade edition of the English Oxford Shenzhen Edition, and has been included in the Shanghai Lesson 35 of unit 8 of the second volume of the seventh grade textbook. "Mark Twain" is his most commonly used pen name. It is generally believed that this pen name comes from his early sailor term. Mark Twain means: Water depth 12 ft. Samuel (aka "Mark Twain") once worked as a pilot. When measuring the depth of the water with his partner, his partner shouted "Mark Twain

!", which means "two marks." ", that is, the water depth is two ounces (about 3.7 meters, 1 ounce is about 1.852 meters), which is a necessary condition for the safe navigation of ships. Another reason is that his captain, Cyrus, was once a highly respected navigator. From time to time he wrote sketches for newspapers introducing the anecdotes of the Mississippi River under the pen name "Mark Twain". In 1859, Captain Sellers published an article predicting that New Orleans would be flooded.

The naughty Samuel decided to make a joke on him, so he imitated his style and wrote a very biting satirical sketch. Unexpectedly, this game article deeply hurt the old captain's heart. The old captain gave up writing and the pen name "Mark Twain" disappeared from the newspaper. Four years later, Samuel, who became a reporter, learned the sad news of Captain Sellers's death. He regretted his prank back then and was determined to make up for this mistake, so he inherited "Mark. Twain" and began his writing career with this pen name. But there is also a theory that when he was wandering in the West, he often bought two drinks in a hotel and asked the bartender to write "two marks" on the bill. However,

it is impossible to verify whether it is true or false, or whether both are false. His real name was Samuel Langham Clemens. Edit the childhood experiences of the characters in this paragraph

Mark Twain was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida, Missouri, USA, to a poor lawyer family in rural Florida. He is the sixth child in a family of seven children. He had only two siblings to survive childhood: his brother Orion Clemens (July 17, 1825 - 1897) December 11) and sister Pamela (September 19, 1827 - August 31, 1904). His father was a local lawyer with a meager income and financial difficulties. While little Samuel was in school he had to work. His father died when he was eleven years old, and he began an independent working life. He first worked as an apprentice in a printing shop, then as a newspaper delivery boy and typesetter, and later as a sailor and helmsman on the Mississippi River. The poverty of his childhood and his long working life not only accumulated material for his future literary creation, but also forged a righteous heart. His brother Benjamin (June 8, 1832 - May 12, 1842) also died three years later. His other brother, Pleasant (1828-1829), lived only three months before Twain was born. Following these brothers and sisters who were older than Mark Twain, Twain had another younger brother-Henry Clemens (July 13, 1838-

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June 21, 1858). When Twain was 4 years old, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a port city on the Mississippi River, which became the basis for his later book "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" ” and the city of St. Petersburg in “The Wanderer”. At that time, Missouri was a slave state in the Confederacy, and the young Twain began to learn about slavery, which would become a subsequent theme in his adventure novels. Mark Twain was colorblind, which inspired his witty banter in social circles. In March 1847, when Twain was 11 years old, his father died of pneumonia.

The following year he became a printer's apprentice. In 1851, he became a typesetter, also contributed articles, and began to write drafts for the "Hannibal Journal" founded by his brother Orion. When he was 18, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in New York City, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Cincinnati. At the age of 22, Twain returned to Missouri. During the trip down the Mississippi River to New Orleans, the ship's pilot "Bixby" asked Twain to become a ship pilot for life. This profession was the third highest-paying profession in the United States at that time. $250 per month (equivalent to $155,000 per year today). Because ships at that time were made of very flammable wood, lights were not allowed to be turned on at night. Navigators need to have a good knowledge of the ever-changing river and thus avoid the hundreds of harbors and wooded areas along its banks. Twain spent more than two years meticulously studying 2,000 meters of the Mississippi River before he received his pilot's license (1859). During his pre-licensing training, Twain convinced his brother, Henry Clemens, to work with him on the Mississippi River. Henry died on June 21, 1858, due to the explosion of the ship Henry was working on. Twain felt extremely guilty about this and felt responsible for the rest of his life. However, he continued to work on the river and remained a pilot until the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, which curtailed traffic on the Mississippi River. Traveling Family

Secret

Surry was a slave state and considered by most to be part of the South, but Missouri did not join the Confederacy. When the war began, Twain and his friends joined a Confederate militia unit (as described in the 1885 short story "The Private History of a Campaign That" Failed") and joined an alleged battle in which a man was killed. Twain found that he simply could not bear to kill anyone, so he left. His friend joined the Confederate Army; Twain joined his brother, Olean, who was appointed secretary to the governor of Nevada and administered the West. Twain and his brother spent more than two weeks traveling across the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains by coach and coach. They arrived at the Mormon society in Salt Lake City. These experiences became a major part of the book "Hard Times" and provided information for "The Calgary Frog". Twain's journey ended in the silver mines of Virginia City, Nevada. There he became a miner. After giving up his job as a miner, Twain worked for the Enterprise, a newspaper in Virginia City. Twain next traveled to San Francisco, California, where he continued to work as a reporter and began giving lectures. He met other writers such as Brett Harder. Once he was assigned to the state of Hawaii, and this became his first speech. In 1867, a local newspaper offered a steamship trip to the Mediterranean. During his journeys to Europe and the Middle East, he wrote the famous 1869 collection of travel letters, The Idiot's Travels. He also met Charles Langdon and saw a photo of Langdon's sister Olivia

Langdon. Twain fell in love with her immediately. They met in 1868, became engaged a year later, and married in 1870 in Emmara, New York City. Olivia gave birth to a son, Langdon, but Langdon died of diphtheria at the age of 19 months. In 1871, the Twain family moved to Hartford, Connecticut. There Olivia gave birth to three daughters: Susie, Clara and Jean. Twain also became a good friend of writer William Dean Howells. Twain later traveled to Europe again, which was described in the 1880 book "Wandering Overseas." In 1900, he returned to the United States to pay off the debts owed to his old company.

Twain's marriage lasted for 34 years until Olivia's death in 1904. In 1906, Twain began writing his autobiography for the North American Monthly Review. A year later, Oxford University awarded him a doctorate in literature. Twain outlived both Jean and Suzy. He went through a period of melancholy, which began when his beloved daughter Susie died of meningitis in 1896. Olivia's death in 1904 and Jean's death on December 24, 1909 made Twain even more melancholy. Writer's career

Mark Twain's first masterpiece, "The Famous Frog of Calgary",

was first published in the New York Saturday Post on November 18, 1865. The only reason the work was published there was because it was completed too late to be included in Artemus Ward's collection of writings specializing in the American West. After this, the Salimandu Federal sent Mark Twain to Hawaii, then known as the Sandwich Islands, as a correspondent, and sent letters to the Federal about things there. Later, he also wrote based on these humorous letters when he was working for the California Journal in San Francisco, because the California Journal sent him from San Francisco to New York City via the Panama Canal as a roving reporter. . At that time, he kept sending letters to newspapers for publication, sarcastically and humorously recording what he saw and heard. On June 8, 1867, Twain took a yacht to Philadelphia, where he would stay for five months. This trip led to the creation of Idiot Travel. In 1872, Twain published his second travel literature, "Hard Times," as a sequel to "A Fool's Journey." The content of "Hard Times" is a semi-autobiographical description of Twain's journey to Nevada and his later life in the American West. This book satirizes the United States and Western society with "idiots" criticism of many countries in Europe and the Middle East. Twain's next work, "Hard Times," focused on American society. The subsequent "The Gilded Age" is not a work of travel literature, because the two previous books were both works of travel literature, and this was the first time he wrote a novel. The book is also famous because it is the only book Twain co-wrote; it was written by Twain and his neighbor, Charles Dudley Warner. Twain's next two books were both about his experiences on the Mississippi River. "Old Days on the Mississippi" was a series of sketches published in "The Atlantic Monthly" in 1875. The most distinctive feature is Twain's awakening to romanticism. Twain wrote "Life on the Mississippi" after "Old Days". Twain later wrote "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer", which describes his childhood in Hannibal. Twain imitated his own character as a child and created the character of Tom Sawyer. This book also introduces a character named Huckleberry Finn as a supporting character. Although the storyline of "The Prince and the Pauper" often appears in many movies and literary works today, it is not generally accepted. This was Twain's first attempt to write about "beggars". The disadvantage was that Twain did not have enough experience in British society. During the writing of "The Prince and the Pauper", Twain also started writing "The Wandering Boy" and completed another travelogue, "The Wandering Abroad". "The Wandering Abroad" was written by Mark Twain. Travel notes from a trip to Central and

Southern Europe. Twain's next published work was "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn". After the publication of this book, he became more famous as a great American writer. "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" is the sequel to "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer", with a more serious atmosphere than the latter. The book became required in most schools in the United States because Huck gave up on obeying the rules, which is what many people his age thought (Huck's story is set in the 1850s, when slavery still existed) ). In the summer of 1876, after "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" was released, Twain handwritten about 400 pages of the story content of "The Wandering Kid".

After Twain's wife died in 1904, he was able to publish books that his wife, his censor and editor, did not like. One of these books, "The Mysterious Stranger," was not published during Twain's lifetime, so three versions of the manuscript have been found between 1897 and 1905. These three versions confused the publication of the work, and only now is the version originally written by Twain available. Twain's last written work was his oral autobiography. Some custodians and editors reorganized the autobiography to make it more consistent with the format of his work. Edit this historical evaluation

Lincoln in American literature.

A great writer and an excellent speaker.

A world-class writer representing American literature.

He is a warrior with an innocent heart and a knight who holds a sword for justice.

Edit this paragraph Mark Twain and Helen Keller

Mark Twain and Helen Keller were both very famous writers of that era in the United States, and they had similar interests. Appreciate each other. Helen Keller described this in the chapter "Meeting Mark Twain" in her book "If You Give Me Three Days of Light":

"As early as 1894, when I was still ignorant, I have heard of Mr. Twain. As I grow older, his influence on me becomes more and more profound. He taught me the warmth of human nature and the value of life. Apart from Mr. Bell and Teacher Sullivan, I The one I admire the most is Mr. Twain.

The first time I met Mr. Twain was at Mr. Lawrence Holden’s house in New York. I was only 14 years old when I shook hands with him. I had an intuition: “Ah! This is the person who can help me. "That day, his witty conversation made me very happy. After that, I met Mr. Twain several times at the homes of Mr. Holden and Mr. Lodge respectively. When encountering important matters, we would talk to each other

Correspondence.

Mr. Twain is a sensitive person who can understand the mood of disabled people. He often tells me some touching stories and interesting adventure stories he has experienced personally. , let me see the bright side of life, and encourage me."

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November 30, 1835 Samuel Langhorne. Lemens (Mark Twain's real name) was born in Florida, Missouri. Samuel was the fifth child of his father, John Marshall Clemens, a low-level magistrate with a meager income, and his mother, Jane Lampton Clemens.

In the fall of 1839, the family moved to Hannibal, Missouri. The population there at that time was 450 people.

On March 24, 1843, Samuel Clemens's father, John Clemens, died of pneumonia. From the age of 12, that is, in 1847, Mark Twain, who came from a humble family, worked successively as a printing office apprentice, a newsboy, a typesetter, a sailor, a gold miner, a reporter, etc.

On May 1, 1852, "The Colonists' Surprised Dandy" was published in the Boston humor weekly "Handbag." This is the debut novel of Samuel Clemens. (The self-taught Mark Twain began to practice writing when he was an apprentice in a printing house and typesetting. He was 17 years old when he published this debut work.)

In June 1864, he moved to San Francisco and worked at the "Morning News". He began writing for the San Francisco Man, whose editor-in-chief was novelist Brett Hart.

On November 18, 1865, New York's "Saturday Post" published Mark Twain's "The Famous Jumping Frog of Calaveras County." It was reprinted everywhere, and Mark Twain began to gain fame in the country.

On April 25, 1867, Charles Webb published Mark Twain's first book, "The Famous Jumping Frog of Calaveras County and Other Essays."

In July 1869, Mark Twain's "The Idiot's Travels Abroad" was published, and the publisher was Erica Burris.

In 1870, he wrote the short story "Running for Governor."

In February 1872, "The Difficult Journey" (or "The Asceticism") was published by Burris's American Publishing Company.

In the winter of 1873, Mark Twain collaborated with writer Charles Teddy Warner to write "The Gilded Age." Warner as its neighbor in Hartford.

In December 1873, "The Gilded Age" was published. Published by Burris of American Publishing Company. (There is no precedent for giving a humorous and ironic name to an era in American history that is recognized by the world)

In 1874, Mark Twain began writing "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" (or translated "The Adventures of Tom Sayer"), and compiled "The Gilded Age" into a script. It was at Quarey Farm near Elmira, New York.

In January 1876, "An Account of the Crimes of Connecticut's Late Carnival" was published in the Atlantic Monthly.

In the summer of 1876, Mark Twain began writing "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" (or translated as "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"), which took place at Qualey Farm.

In October 1876, he collaborated with Brett Hart to write the comedy "A Star". It was completed in December, but the friendship between the two was difficult to maintain.

In December 1876, "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" was published by Bliss. The time is more than a year after the submission of the manuscript, so that the good business season of Christmas cannot be caught up. Mark Twain began to consider a different publisher for his work.

On July 31, 1877, "The Star" was performed at the "Fifth Street Theater" in New York. The show stopped after five weeks, leaving the performers with a financial loss.

1877 "The Prince and the Pauper"

From the spring of 1878 to the summer of 1879, the family traveled to Europe, especially Germany, to collect materials for "Foreign Travel Notes". In March 1880, "Foreign Travel Notes" was published. Published by Burris of American Publishing Company. In December 1881, "The Prince and the Pauper" was published. The publisher was James Le Oscott of Boston. In April 1882, Mark Twain revisited the Mississippi River to collect material for the second half of "Life on the Mississippi." He visited the entire Mississippi Valley until the end of May. In the summer of 1883

Mark Twain completed writing "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" at Quare Farm. Life on the Mississippi is published by Osgoot. February 18, 1885

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published by Whitbster Publishing Company. March 1885

The Book Council of Canton, Massachusetts, called "The Adventures of Hercule Berry Finn" "a boring work that can only be read in the slums." It was not allowed to be placed on bookshelves, thus beginning a history of banned books that continues to this day. Still, by May, 51,000 copies of "Huck" had been sold. (Such banned books are for individual units, not nationwide) On January 2, 1885, Huibster Company published "The Memoirs of Grant".

The Grant family earned 400,000 yuan.

so that they can avoid bankruptcy. Mark Twain was also convinced that he had a genius for business. (General Grant, served two terms as President of the United States from 1869 to 1877. Grant had a close friendship with Mark Twain) In January 1886, Mark Twain began writing "In Arthur's Connecticut" "Yanks in the State." In December 1889, "Yanks in Arthurian Connecticut" was published by Whitbster Publishing Company. April 16, 1894 "Tom Sawyer Abroad" was published by Whitbster & Co. In November 1894, "Idiot Wilson" was published by the American Publishing Company.