Name: cornflower (national flower of Germany) Chinese pinyin: chrysanthemum theme: Compositae season: April-August region: European cornflower. English name: cornflower German name: Kornblume: angiosperm: dicotyledonous plant. Objective: ARANEAE: Compositae: C. cyanus, alias: Blue Hibiscus, Emerald Green and Litchi. Quiet blue view in the cornfield. This section is widely cultivated in parks, gardens and campuses in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hubei, Guangdong and Tibet for viewing. Xinjiang and Qinghai may have naturalized escape. This species is not only an ornamental plant, but also a good nectar source plant. Edge flowers can induce diuresis, and soaking solution can improve eyesight. The oil content of achene is 28%. This section is distributed abroad in Europe, the Soviet Union (Caucasus and Central Asia, Siberia and the Far East) and North America. Type specimens were collected from Europe. Edit the morphological characteristics of this part. Annual and biennial grass flowers are multi-branched, with high-growth species and short-growth species, and the plant height is 30-90cm. Branches are slender and multi-branched. The stems and leaves have white hairs, and the leaves are linear and entire; Stems usually have teeth or feathers. The flowers are born on the top of the head, with funnel-shaped tongue-shaped flowers on the edge, toothed petals on the edge, and tubular flowers in the center, including white, red, blue and purple, but mostly blue. The flowering period is April-May. Collect seeds in July and August, pick dried inflorescences, dry, thresh and store. Edit the growth characteristics of this section. Centaurea has erect stems, slender branches and many branches. Leaves linear, flower heads, terminal. These flowers are large, flat and funnel-shaped. Colors are blue, purple, pink or white. The flowering period is long. Centaurea is native to southeastern Europe, with strong cold tolerance, sunshine preference and moisture intolerance. Fertile, moist and well-drained soil is needed. The root system is developed, so it can grow on barren land. The flowering period is from April to May. Autumn sowing method is mostly used for propagation, and sowing is carried out in September ~ 65438+10. When the seedlings grow to 10 cm, they can be transplanted, and then they can be planted, with a spacing of 20~40 cm. Pay attention to watering, fertilization and intertillage weeding during the growth period. At seedling stage, it is necessary to pick ears, promote branching, and make plants dwarf and bloom more. Editors have strong adaptability to growth habits, like sunshine and are not resistant to humidity, so they must be planted in sunny and well-drained places, otherwise they will often die because of humidity. Cold-resistant, like cold, avoid heat. I like fertile, loose and well-drained sand. Edit this flowering period to adjust the cold tolerance of cornflower, which can be planted in the open field in East China and covered with winter in North China; Like fertile and loose soil; Happy sunshine; You can broadcast it yourself; Strong adaptability and easy cultivation. When cutting flowers are cultivated, flowers are usually urged in the greenhouse: sowing in August, planting in September and flowering in February of the following year. Edit this paragraph to extend the flowering period. Centaurea is rich in color and unique in flower shape. It is a good material for ground planting, potted plants and cut flowers. In order to prolong the flowering period of cornflower, in addition to autumn sowing, spring sowing and summer sowing can also be used. Sow in April-May, and the flowers will bloom in July-65438+10. Sow in July with seeds that are mature in that year, and generally bloom after September. Open cultivation can continue until the first frost. 10 10 In the middle and late October, the plants planted in the ground will be transplanted into flowerpots for the winter, or directly planted in pots in August and entered the house before winter. As long as the room temperature is kept at 8~ 15℃ in winter, the cornflower can bloom with proper watering, a small amount of thin compound fertilizer and a sunny place. This method of sowing by stages and batches can effectively prolong the flowering period of cornflower. Edit this paragraph. High-quality garden plants are tall and straight with long pedicels. They are suitable for cut flowers and can also be used as materials for flower beds and flower diameters. Dwarf plants are only 20 cm tall and can be used for flower beds, grass edges or potted flowers. A large area of natural caking. Key points of propagation and cultivation in this section: sowing can be done in spring and autumn, and autumn sowing is better. Sow seeds in the prepared seedbed in the middle and late September, cover with soil without seeds, slightly compact, cover with grass, pour enough water, keep the soil moist all the time, and remove the grass after germination. When the seedlings have 6-7 leaflets, they can be transplanted or planted, and the spacing between plants is about 30 cm. After the seedlings survive, apply 5 times of decomposed human excrement and urine solution every 18 days or the next month, and stop fertilization until March of the following year. If potted, the pot soil should be loose and fertile, and the garden soil, rotten leaves, vegetation and ash should be mixed with mixed soil. When the seedlings grow to 6-7 leaves, they should be transplanted for the first time; After growing, Aikun changed the three-tube pot, because cornflower is a direct root system, and the big seedlings are not resistant to transplanting. In winter, you can bury the soil continuously for the winter, take it out at the beginning of March, apply fertilizer frequently, and stop applying fertilizer when buds appear. Edit this cultivation step to raise seedlings: select loose and fertile soil as the bed, cover it with 0.2 cm, and cultivate: transplant seedlings when the leaves grow to 6-7, and plant one plant in the pot every 13- 17 cm. After the seedlings survive after planting, they should be picked once to promote more branches and flowers. On the contrary, if there are too many branches, some lateral buds should be picked if necessary to obtain larger flowers. Because of its direct rooting in autumn, direct seeding in autumn should cover the open winter and blossom in early summer. For example, cold beds can bloom in late spring and spring sowing should be as early as possible. It blooms in June. Cultivation place: Because cornflower is native to European fields, it is slightly cold-resistant, cool and sunny. Soil: I prefer loose and fertile sandy loam with good drainage. The cultivated soil should be as well drained and ventilated as possible. If the soil is sticky, it can be improved by mixing 30-40% snake sawdust or nacre soil. Watering: In principle, it is enough to water once a day, but when it is dry in summer, you can water it once in the morning and evening to keep the soil moist and reduce the temperature of potted plants, but you should avoid water accumulation. Fertilization: cornflower likes to be rich in fertilizer, and ternary diluent should be applied once a month during the growing period. If the leaves are too lush, we should reduce the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before flowering to get bigger and more beautiful flowers. Flowering management: cornflower can naturally branch. If there are many side branches, the flowers will be smaller. If necessary, you can pick some lateral buds and leave only smaller branches, so that you can get larger flowers. Centaurea is a diurnal plant with short sunshine time in winter. If you use plant lights as supplementary lighting at night, you can make the opening * * * earlier. Edit this section on the cultivation and management of cornflower. It likes sunny and cool climate, and avoids hot summer. It should be fertile and loose soil. Because of its direct origin, it is suitable for live broadcast. Autumn sowing is an early flower, which can overwinter in a cold bed and bloom in late spring. Because cornflower is not resistant to transplanting, it must be transplanted with soil balls, otherwise it is not easy to slow down seedlings. After the plants survive, apply 5 times of decomposed human excrement and urine solution every 18 days or barrel month, and stop applying fertilizer in March of the following year until flowering. If potted, the pot soil should be loose and fertile, and the garden soil, rotten leaves, vegetation and ash should be mixed with mixed soil. When the seedlings grow to 6-7 leaves, they should be transplanted for the first time; After planting, change at least three pots, because cornflower is a direct root system, and big seedlings are not resistant to transplanting. In winter, you can bury the soil continuously for the winter, take it out at the beginning of March, apply fertilizer frequently, and stop applying fertilizer when buds appear. Strong cold tolerance, can be planted in the open field in East China, and need to be covered for wintering in North China; Like fertile and loose soil; Happy sunshine; You can broadcast it yourself; Strong adaptability and easy cultivation. When cutting flowers are cultivated, flowers are usually urged in the greenhouse: sowing in August, planting in September and flowering in February of the following year. Generally, the seeds are sown in August-September, covered in the open field for wintering, sown in early spring the next year, and flowering in early summer. Spring sowing in northeast greenhouse. Because cornflower has straight roots and few lateral roots, it should be transplanted with soil when it is young, and it is not easy to survive when it is big, so it is often sown directly in spring. Centaurea can also reproduce itself. In addition, cornflower likes close planting, otherwise it will not grow well. Main diseases: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is the main disease of cornflower. The disease not only harms cornflower, but also harms many ornamental plants such as Cruciferae, Leguminosae and Solanaceae. It often causes the stems and leaves of diseased plants to wither and die. When the disease is serious, some branches or whole plants will die. Affect viewing. Prevention and control: ① Strengthen cultivation management: select loose soil with good drainage for planting. Plant spacing should not be too close, and ventilation and light transmission shall prevail. Avoid rotation with cruciferous crops. (2) If the diseased plants are found, they should be pulled out in time to prevent sclerotia from falling into the soil, and the tissues of the diseased plants should be destroyed in time to reduce the source of infection. ③ Chemical control: at the initial stage of the disease, spray 2500-3000 times of 25% triadimefon wettable powder, 500-800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 800- 1000 times of 70% methyl sulfide on the middle, lower and ground of the plant every/kloc-0-6544. The editor pays attention to this section of cornflower planting, which is robust, cold-resistant and sunny, requiring fertile and loose soil and good drainage. Generally, it can be planted directly on the seedbed in September, and it can be overwintering in the open air in southern Central China, and there is no need to be cold-proof in winter. It should be transplanted in June 165438+ 10 or early March next year. Transplant 1 time when the autumn sowing seedlings in North China grow 2~3 true leaves, and plant them in the open field in early spring of the following year. Base fertilizer should be applied before planting. Because cornflower is a straight root system, it is not resistant to transplantation, so it must be transplanted with large soil. Cornflower stems are thin, easy to lodging, and the planting distance should not be too close. It is necessary to prevent lodging caused by excessive growth and poor ventilation. At seedling stage, topping and coring are needed to promote multi-branch and dwarf plants, so as to make them have more flowers and beautiful shapes. Apply liquid fertilizer 1 time every 20 days during the growing period, but it should be noted that nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied more, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied more appropriately to make the stems firm and bright in color. At the same time, water should be moderate, not too much, and drainage must be paid attention to in time in rainy season, otherwise it will cause rotten roots and affect the normal growth of plants. Edit this flower seed collection. When the inflorescence just becomes Huang Shi, you can harvest the seeds. If the inflorescence is too ripe and the seeds are easy to disperse, the whole plant can be harvested when most inflorescences turn yellow, dried and threshed, and stored in a cool and dry place. Seeds can sow themselves. Edit this paragraph, the main high-efficiency varieties can be decorated with flower beds and flower borders commensurate with other grass flowers. It can also be planted on the roadside or lawn, with elegant plant shape and beautiful flower state, which is very natural. You can also cut flowers. It can beautify the face, relax the mood, help digestion and make urine unobstructed. Centaurea Pure Dew is a mild natural skin cleanser, and flower water can be used to care hair and moisturize skin. It can help digestion and relieve rheumatic pain. It is helpful for treating stomachache, preventing and treating gastritis, gastrointestinal discomfort and bronchitis. It is a flower that is neither afraid of heat nor cold, so it is difficult to plant it well in summer in Taiwan Province Province unless it is planted in a cold area. Single bubble, suitable for matching with green tea. Take four teaspoons of cornflower and brew it with boiling water. Lavender tea juice can be flavored with a little honey. Edit this paragraph. The national flower of Germany, cornflower-the little flower symbolizing happiness is the national flower of Germany. In the country roads and cornfields of Europe, you can see the lovely blue and petite figure of cornflower, emitting a faint fragrance. Blue flower is a very unique element, which enriches the vision and flavor of scented tea. In a civil war in Germany, Queen Louis was forced to flee Berlin with two princes. On the way, the car broke down. The Queen and the two princes got off the bus and saw large tracts of blue cornflowers on the roadside. The two princes were very happy and played in the cornflower. Queen Louis wove a beautiful wreath of cornflower and put it on William, 9 years old. Very beautiful. Later, William became the first emperor to unify Germany, but he never forgot the passion of seeing the blooming cornflower when he fled as a child, and the beautiful wreath made of cornflower by his mother. He loved cornflower deeply, so cornflower was promoted to the national flower of Germany. Edit this beautiful symbol cornflower is a member of a huge compositae family, and Europe is the hometown of cornflower. In Germany, located in the middle of Europe, there are traces of cornflower on hillsides, fields, houses, roadsides and watersides. Every summer is the season when cornflowers bloom. Small flower heads grow on the top of slender stems, just like beautiful girls, facing the "light of life"-sunshine, praying for happiness and happiness. The simple and elegant flowers with lavender, pink and white exude a quiet fragrance, showing a girlish and refined quality, which has won the praise of the German people and is called the national flower of Germany. Poets praise it with beautiful language, and painters describe it with gorgeous pen and ink: saying that its flowers can inspire people to study cautiously and humbly. This is a true portrayal of the modesty, prudence and modesty of the German people. Edit this calendar to introduce Italian businessmen in the12nd century. On May 29th, the flower of Paonice in Sao Paulo, cornflower belongs to Compositae, alias "Corn Flower". This flower is in memory of Saint Curie Ross, a martyr who refused to worship pagan gods and was sentenced to death. She was born in Kea, Cabat (now eastern Turkey). Because of its durability and pleasant appearance, cornflower is a very popular flower arrangement material in Britain. And its flower language is "gentle and lovely". The blessed birthday girl is gentle and lovely, and is often flattered by friends around her, but she is a little serious and reserved. This also creates a passive character; You can't take a proactive attitude towards the long-cherished object; This is the fatal wound of making friends. A little attention can make you more likable. Edit this flower poison to introduce the toxic parts: the whole plant has a small poison. Poisoning symptoms: after eating a lot, it causes paralysis of hind limbs, loss of appetite, diarrhea and other phenomena.