Read through the paragraphs and understand the important meaning.
Words cannot be separated from sentences, and sentences cannot be separated from paragraphs. If you want to break sentences, you should first read through the relevant paragraphs several times to get a general understanding of the whole paragraph or even the full text. If it is a narrative. Then first sort out the elements of its narrative; If it is descriptive text, look at its object and level first; If it is an argumentative paper, look at its arguments and arguments first. Only by understanding the basic meaning of the paragraph can we break the sentence correctly.
Example 1 Read the following classical Chinese and answer the questions as required.
Mencius said, "You said,' I can dig for you to fill the national treasury.' The so-called good minister today is the so-called thief in ancient times. You don't know your hometown, you don't want to be kind, you are rich and powerful. I can reach an agreement with your country for your monarch, and I will fight for it. The so-called good minister today is the so-called thief in ancient times. You don't know the local road, you don't aim at benevolence, but you seek to fight for it, which is also a supplement to Jay. There is no change from today's way to today's custom, although it can't live once in the world. "
Note: ① Jie: Xia Jie, tyrant.
Separate the following sentences with a slash (/).
There is no change from today's way to today's custom, although it can't live once in the world.
It is difficult to understand this sentence without understanding its meaning. To understand the meaning of a sentence, we must first understand the meaning of the text. This passage is about the "king of today" who blindly pursues expanding territory, enriching wealth, making friends with foreign countries and winning wars, but does not yearn for kingliness and pursues benevolent government. Mencius thought it was no different from a thief, and it was a way to assist Xia Jie. According to the current policy of governing the country, we will not change our current habits, even if we give him all the world. Or sit on the throne for a day. According to this understanding, it is not difficult to get the correct answer: from today's way/don't change today's customs/don't compete with the world/can't live once.
Content words and syntactic connections
On the basis of reading through the paragraphs, pay attention to break sentences according to your own knowledge of ancient Chinese vocabulary (morphology, syntax, etc.). For example, nouns are often used as subjects or objects, and verbs and adjectives are often used as predicates. Generally speaking, verbs can't be disconnected before and after (except ellipsis), because it often has a subject in front and an object in the back, except intransitive verbs as predicates. There are often some dialogues or quotations in spoken and written paragraphs. The ancients often used words such as "sky", "cloud" and "word" to express it. Generally speaking, after finding these words, you can disconnect them.
Example 2 The underlined part of classical Chinese reading materials is punctuated with "/".
Yan Guan, a fellow countryman who is not well-known in the south, thinks that men and women who must be friends should get married at the beginning.
"I don't know yet" means I don't know yet It means complete and should be disconnected; In I Think I Must Be Self-sufficient, "I" is Wang Pou, and "I must be self-sufficient" is the object of "thinking", so we should stop; The word "pull out to make friends" omits the word "pull out", which means promotion, and the word "friend" belongs to intentional usage. The pronoun "zhi" is the object of "pull out and make friends with him", which means to promote him and make friends with him. The first marriage between men and women is a complex sentence of inheritance. The children of the two families have just been born. The correct answer is: Yan Guan, a countryman with little talent, is unknown/thinks he must be self-sufficient/pulls friends/men and women to start their own lives/and then * * * agrees to get married.
Set the first place with function words
In addition to semantic expression, sentence breaking can also be based on some linguistic symbols, such as function words. The position of some function words is fixed, such as adverbs expressing respect, such as "attached, if attached, if attached, cut attached, changed, modeled, stolen, affectionate and respectful", which are often used at the beginning of sentences; Conjunctions such as "I, Yu, Wei, Er, Ze" are often used in sentences. Modal auxiliary words such as "Ye, Zhe, Hu, Yi, Er, Yi, Yan, Zai, Xie, Jiu" are often used at the end of sentences. According to this feature, finding out function words is helpful to break sentences.
Example 3 Use "/"to break sentences in the following classical Chinese materials.
It is difficult for historians to make friends every day. If it is not difficult, people will commit themselves to each other. If it is not difficult, there will be many people who can't do what they say and run counter to it. Even if you die, you can support your loved ones. Although Du Huan's affair was called Yilie in ancient times, the secular always said that today's people can't catch up with the ancients. It is also a false accusation by scholars all over the world.
"Day" means the following quotation. Time out. "Yi", "Hu" and "zai" are all modal particles at the end of a sentence. "One" means exclamation, which is translated as "ah" and "le" respectively. "Hu" means interrogative tone, and "zai" means rhetorical tone. After disconnecting these points, it is much easier to solve the problem by combining context and meaning. The correct answer is: Historians say it's difficult to make friends/when people love each other/when they love each other/if it's not difficult/when birds of a feather flock together/when they say what they have to do, many people can't go back/they can support their loved ones when they die/I think about Du Huan/Although there were benevolent people in ancient times/but the secular world always says that today's people can't catch up with the ancients/don't falsely accuse the literati in the world.
Sentence patterns and flexible use should be clear
The flexible use of special sentence patterns and parts of speech in classical Chinese should also be taken into account when breaking sentences. There are four special sentence patterns in classical Chinese, which are different from the grammatical habits of modern Chinese-judgment sentence, inversion sentence, passive sentence and ellipsis sentence. In some sentences, the use of notional words is flexible. These are not only obstacles to reading classical Chinese, but also error-prone points in sentence segmentation.
Example 4 The following classical Chinese is punctuated with a slash (/).
(Qi Zhao) The Qi people and the Chu people saved Zhao. Zhao people are short of food, please sue and help Xu. Zhou Zi said, "My husband Zhao Zhi is still hiding in Qi and Chu. His teeth are cold if his lips die. Today, Zhao Ming Newspaper and Qi Chu both died, Zhao Gaoyi was saved, but Qin became famous. Don't love Sue for this "
Although my husband, Zhao Zhi, was hiding in a neat place, his teeth were still full of lips. He saved Zhao Gaoyi and became famous in the Qin Dynasty. These three sentences are judgment sentences, and the subject and object should be out of touch. For another example, the word "Wu" in "Today's death will definitely affect Qi and Chu" means "make … die". The original intention was that if the Qin Dynasty destroyed Zhao, future disasters would befall Qi and Chu, so the relationship between Wu and Zhao could not be broken. Besides, "Ye" and "Yi" which frequently appear in this passage are modal particles at the end of the sentence, and "Fu", "Qi" and "Le" are all conjunctions in the sentence. According to the context, combined with the knowledge of morphology and syntax, it is not difficult to correctly judge the sentence: Fu Zhao is in Qi Chu/Yan Qianye/He who still has teeth has lips/His lips are dead and his teeth are cold/He dies today/He suffers from Qi Chu tomorrow/He saves Zhao/Gao/He is a teacher of Qin/He is famous/He shouldn't love millet for this/He is a national planner/He has passed away.
Knowledge of literature and history is not ignored.
The knowledge of literature and history in classical Chinese includes names, characters, numbers, posthumous title, year numbers, place names and official names. Knowing this knowledge is also helpful for sentence breaking in classical Chinese.
Example 5 The following classical Chinese is punctuated with a slash (/).
Kuangxiu Jiatianxia Mountain North Peak Rifeng North Temple Riai Temple Jiefeng Temple asks about its scenery, which is unique and beautiful. In the autumn of the eleventh year, Bai Letian, a native of Taiyuan, saw it and was pleased with it. If he travels far, he can't go to the Ashler Temple in Mianfeng as a thatched cottage.
In this anthology, Kuanglu (Lushan), censer, love temple, Taiyuan and Feng 'axi temple are all place names, Caotang is a common noun, Yuanhe eleven years is the year number, and Bai Letian is Bai Juyi's word. Know this. It is very beneficial to punctuate sentences correctly.
The correct answer is: Kuanglu Qixiu/Jiatianxia Mountain/Shanbeifeng/Rixianglu/Fengbei Temple/Riyiai Temple/Jiefeng Temple/Its scenery is unique/It is also Lushan Mountain/Yuan and November Autumn/Taiyuan people love it at first sight/If they travel abroad, they can't go/Because of their feelings, they can't go to Fengsi/Weicaotang.