March 22, 2007 07:00 Sichuan Online-Huaxi Daily
People and rivers are as close as lips and teeth, sharing weal and woe. However, the rivers on which we live are facing unprecedented crises: the decline of the source of the river, siltation of the river, shrinkage of the river bed, cut-off of the river and water pollution ... It is these crises that make us have to face the national "water shortage problem", and the disharmony of the "contradiction between man and water" makes us face a severe test.
Today is 15 World Water Day and the first day of the 20th China Water Week. Yesterday morning, the provincial government held a large-scale forum in Chengdu with the themes of "coping with water shortage" and "promoting harmony between people and water". Guo Yongxiang, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and Vice Governor, Han Zhongxin, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, and A, vice chairman of the Provincial Political Consultative Conference, said that Peng Shuming, director of the Provincial Water Resources Department, and other leaders made important speeches at the meeting. The symposium aims to solve the problems of drought, water shortage and water pollution faced by the whole province and comprehensively promote the "harmony between people and water" in our province.
Crisis 1: Resource-based water shortage
City rivers used to sing, but now they are withered.
Yesterday at noon 1 1, Chengdu sent Xianqiao to touch the bottom of the river. There are pebbles on the wide riverbed, and the river is seriously dried up. "How did a big river become a small ditch?" Uncle Wang, who lives by the river, is worried: more than 20 years ago, the water was rushing here, the river was crystal clear, and children were swimming in the river; In spring, the river will flood into the door, and you can see the fish jumping around the threshold of the house ... Uncle Wang said that the water in this river used to sound like singing day and night. Now, the "ditch water" not only has a very small flow, but also has a weak flowing audio-visual image of "Elegy".
The river drops sharply, and water resources are in short supply year by year.
According to the statistics of the Provincial Water Resources Department, the average total water resources in the province for many years is 26 1.6 billion cubic meters, and the per capita possession is 3,040 cubic meters. Although it is slightly higher than the national average, it is only 1/3 of the world per capita.
Minjiang River, as the "mother river" of Chengdu Plain, which gave birth to all living things, has experienced a sharp decline in river flow in recent 20 years. Yesterday, a set of data provided by the Provincial Hydrology Bureau showed that the water resources were both the lowest in Sichuan's historical hydrological records, with a return period of nearly one hundred years. Compared with the average flow in the same period of many years, the average flow in February in the upper reaches of Minjiang River, Dadu River, Jialing River and Qujiang River is 20-40% less, Tuojiang River is 40-60% less, and the rest rivers are close to normal.
Last winter, some rivers experienced the lowest flow in history. Since Dujiangyan Hydrological Station in the upper reaches of Minjiang River appeared 1938, the lowest flow rate was 54 cubic meters per second, once in a hundred years. "The upper reaches of Minjiang River are short of water, and Chengdu is short of water!" With the decrease of river water volume, the water flow in the lower reaches of the river continues to wither, and people's domestic water, spring irrigation and shipping are in serious crisis.
Crisis 2: seasonal water shortage
There is no water to drink. 1120,000 people in the province are thirsty.
On March 20th, in Jinxiang Village, Wufeng Town, Jintang County, Li Guizhen, an 80-year-old grandmother was queuing for water, and her face was dignified. Halfway up the mountain in the village, there is a nearly dry reservoir called "Cuojuchao". Some old people have to go to a well near the top of the mountain to get water. On the one hand, the government is sending water to the people, on the other hand, it is also taking engineering measures, and the drinking water problem of the people in Jinxiang Village will be solved in the near future.
According to the person in charge of the Provincial Drought Relief Office, Jintang County has the largest number of reservoirs in Chengdu, but cracks have appeared in most reservoir earth dams. Similar to the problem of "crying for thirst" in Jintang County, there are currently1120,000 people in the province, among which the problem of "drinking water" is prominent in 7/kloc-0 counties and 157 dry mountain villages in the province. At present, more than 654.38+10,000 people in these areas with prominent draught problems rely on government vehicles to deliver water every day-this is a typical "seasonal water shortage".
According to the introduction of the Water Resources Department of the Provincial Water Resources Department, the problem of "water shortage" caused by "seasonal water shortage" has become increasingly prominent. The rainfall in our province from February to May of the following year only accounts for 20% of the annual rainfall, "nine droughts in ten years, nine droughts in ten years". In particular, our province suffered from winter drought and spring drought, and the water from rivers was obviously less, and the water storage of water conservancy projects was seriously insufficient, so the water use situation was very severe.
The increase of water consumption is very annoying for urban water supply.
"The domestic water consumption is increasing, but the water that rivers can supply is getting less and less, and water resources are getting scarcer and scarcer!" Relevant leaders of Dujiangyan Administration said that urban water consumption has increased year by year.
According to statistics, the total water supply in the province last year was 265.438+0.23 billion cubic meters, an increase of 654.38+0.95 billion cubic meters over the previous year. The surface water supply is191.1100 million cubic meters, accounting for 90.0% of the total water supply. The total water supply in the urban built-up area is 25130,000 cubic meters, mainly from surface water sources, accounting for 93.9% of the total water supply; According to administrative divisions, the water supply in Chengdu is 47140,000 cubic meters, an increase of 64 million cubic meters over the previous year.
Last year, the province's water consumption exceeded 654.38+005 billion cubic meters, and the total water consumption rate (percentage of water consumption) was 50%. Among them, the production water consumption is 910.39 billion cubic meters, accounting for 87% of the total water consumption; Domestic water consumption 1205438+0 billion cubic meters, accounting for 1 1.4% of the total water consumption.
Crisis 3: Water shortage
Rivers are polluted, so we can't quench our thirst with water.
On March 7th, 15 "government special supervisors" for water pollution control were appointed by Chengdu Municipal People's Congress and CPPCC, focusing on in-depth investigation of rivers with serious river pollution in Chengdu. Our reporter accompanied the investigation all the way and directly attacked the pollution situation of urban rivers on the spot. During the one-day investigation, the supervisors found that the urban rivers such as Nanyan River and Fenghuang River are the most polluted, but these rivers have the greatest impact on the water environment and drinking water environment in Chengdu.
According to statistics, the province's annual wastewater discharge is about 4 billion tons, and some waters are seriously polluted. "Water shortage" has become a prominent problem of disharmony between people and water.
Yesterday, according to the long-term monitoring data of Sichuan Hydrological Resources Survey Bureau on major rivers and lakes in our province, the water quality of major rivers and lakes in our province showed an obvious downward trend. The total amount of wastewater discharged in our province is 4.533 billion tons. Among them, users (including urban residents, industries and buildings) discharged 3.639 billion tons of wastewater, accounting for 80.2% of the total wastewater discharge in the province; The sewage discharge of tertiary industry is 65.438+0.87 billion tons, accounting for 4.654.38+0% of the total sewage discharge in the province.
Taking Pengshan section of the middle reaches of Minjiang River as an example, the ammonia nitrogen content was 0.05 mg/L in 1960s, 0. 1.2mg/L in 1970s, 1.07 mg/L in 1980s and 2.22 mg/L in 1990s. According to the monitoring in June 5438+ 10, 2006, the water quality of Xinjin-Meishan section and Jinjiang section of Minjiang River is seriously polluted, basically inferior to Grade V; At present, the water quality of Tuojiang River is the worst among the rivers around Chengdu, and the whole river is seriously polluted.
Crisis 4: Regional water shortage
Eight cities with little water resources in the province are water-deficient areas.
In the hinterland of the river basin, where the population and cultivated land are the most concentrated, and the industrial and agricultural output value accounts for 85% of the province, water resources only account for 22% of the province; There are 8 prefecture-level cities in the province whose per capita water resources are insufficient 1000 cubic meters, which are water-deficient areas. Among them, Neijiang City, Zigong City, ziyang City, Suining City and other areas have the most serious water shortage.
Reporter Wan Jinlong Song Yongkun
Today, the theme of World Water Day is "Dealing with water shortage"
In view of the global shortage of fresh water resources, many countries are about to fall into the predicament of water shortage. 1993 65438+ 10/8, the 47th United Nations General Assembly made a resolution to designate March 22nd as World Water Day every year. March 22nd this year is 15 World Water Day, with the theme of "coping with water shortage". The purpose is to emphasize the importance of international and local cooperation in solving water shortage.
1988 After the promulgation of the Water Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Ministry of Water Resources designated July 1-7 as "China Water Week" every year. Considering that the themes and contents of World Water Day and China Water Week are basically the same, China Water Week started from 1994.