"Feng He Hui Ri Xing Kunming Chi Ying Zhi"

Song Zhiwen (about 656-about 712), a native of Xicheng, Fenzhou, Tang Dynasty (now Fenyang City, Shanxi), One is that he was born in Hongnong, Guozhou (now Lingbao, Henan Province) and was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. Also known as Shaolian, with the courtesy name Yanqing. Shangyuan Jinshi.

Lai transferred to Shangfang Jiancheng and Zuo Fengchen to enshrine it. He joined Zhang Yi's brother and was demoted to Longzhou to join the army. During the reign of Emperor Zhongzong, he fled back to Luoyang. Because of his meritorious service as a whistleblower, Honglu was promoted to chief secretary and moved to Wailang, a meritorious official. Afterwards, Princess Taiping returned to Princess Anle, reported for Princess Taiping, and was demoted to the governor of Bian and changed to the governor of Yue.

In August of the first year of Xiantian (712), after Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, came to the throne, he was ordered to die in a relocation.

Song Zhiwen's poems are mostly in praise of virtues, with gorgeous diction, natural flow, and great influence on the shaping of rhythmic poetry. The original collection has been lost, but there is a two-volume version of "Collection of Song Zhiwen"

Early Life

Song Zhiwen was born in about the first year of Xianqing (656), Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, [2 ] There is no prominent family background. His father, Song Lingwen, was born in his hometown. He was determined to learn and make friends with great importance. He was "a fellow scholar of morality, and he explored and discussed the origins of etymology." During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, he was a general of Weilang Zuo Xiao and a bachelor of Dongtai Xiangzheng who was responsible for the school's books and old books. Under the influence of his father, Song Zhiwen and his younger brother Song Zhiti, Song Zhixun was diligent and studious since childhood, and each got the best from his father; Song Zhixun was brave and brave, [3] Song Zhixun was good at Cao Li, and Song Zhiwen was good at writing. The words became a good story at that time.

In the second year of Shangyuan (675), [4] Song Zhiwen, who was tall and handsome, passed the imperial examination, climbed to the "Dragon Gate", and embarked on the official path. Song Zhiwen and Yang Jiong were called to the Zhinei Literature Museum in the name of their talents, and were soon sent to Luozhou (now northeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province) to join the army.

The road to becoming an official

In the second year of Yonglong (681), he and Yang Jiong entered the Chongwen Hall to serve as bachelors.

In the autumn of the first year of Tianshou (690), Empress Wu proclaimed himself emperor, changed the name of the country to Zhou, and summoned Song Zhiwen and Yang Jiong to join the cabinet in the west of Luoyang. In 15 years, Song Zhiwen quickly rose from being an internal teacher in the ninth-grade palace to a fifth-grade bachelor. Empress Wu was good at poetry and music, and Song Zhiwen was blessed with clever ideas about literature. During a visit to Longmen in Luoyang, Empress Wu ordered her ministers to compose poems. Zuo Shi Dongfang Qiu's poems were first written, and Empress Wu bestowed them with brocade robes. When the poem "Longmen Yingzhi" written by Song Zhiwen was completed and presented, it was "beautiful in both literature and science, and praised as good on both sides." Empress Wu took the Eastern Qiu brocade robe and gave it to him. This capture not only reflects Empress Wu's advocacy of the poetic style of praising the beauty of beauty, but also reflects Song Zhiwen's creative direction at this time, which had a great impact on his reputation and status.

During the Wu and Zhou Dynasties, Song Zhiwen not only followed Empress Wu on court visits to Henan, but also flattered Empress Wu's recently favored courtiers and relatives to enjoy themselves and enjoy themselves. He felt that "only his ambitions and deeds were achieved, but his body and body were forgotten." Such pursuit and life gradually made him indulge and degenerate, and consciously or unconsciously fell into the political whirlpool of the struggle for power within the ruling group. In the later years of Empress Wu, Song Zhiwen was successively transferred to the post of Shangshu Jiancheng and Zuo Fengchen. Empress Wu's favor ministers Zhang Yizhi and brothers Zhang Changzong "elegantly loved his talents" and invited him to join his friends Du Shenyan, Yan Chaoyin, Shen Quanqi, Wang Wujing and Yin Yuankai. And Li Shi, Fu Jiamo, Liu Yunji and other scribes took preparatory courses. Song Zhiwen, Yan Shiyin and many other agents included Zhang Fu in the collection, and they were very attached to it. The book was completed, and in the second year of Chang'an (703), he was moved to the chief bureau of rites.

In the first month of the first year of Shenlong (705), Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi and Prince Dianshan Lang Wang Tongjiao and others forced Wu to abdicate, killed two Zhangs, and ushered in Tang Zhongzong. Song Zhiwen and Du Shenyan All his friends were demoted. Song Zhiwen was demoted to Longzhou (today's Luoding, Guangdong) to join the army. Things were difficult and he longed for his past glory. In the spring of the next year, he secretly fled back to Luoyang and found out that his friends Zhang Shenzhi, Wang Tongjiao and others were plotting to kill Prime Minister Wu Sansi (Zhang Jianzhi at that time). After being demoted), he later had someone inform him and promoted Honglu to be the chief secretary, "because of which he was deeply ridiculed by the righteous".

In July of the first year of Jinglong (707), Prince Li Chongjun killed Wu Sansi and his son before being killed. Song Zhiwen asked to praise the merits of Wu and his son, and asked him to build a stele in praise of Emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty. In the following year, he moved to Wailang, a meritorious official, and together with Du Shenyan, Wu Pingyi, Shen Quanqi, Yan Chaoyin and other first-choice direct bachelors of the Xiuwen Hall, he "received and promoted the underachievers, many well-known people."

"At that time, the imperial court was full of cliques. Because he favored Princess Anle, he was hated by Princess Taiping. She proposed to Zhongzong and moved him to Yuezhou (today's Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province) in the third year of Jinglong (709).

The political turmoil and personal experience of personal favors and humiliations during the reign of Emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty made Song Zhiwen deeply touched. When he came from the decayed and outdated palace to the fresh and beautiful waterside, he also began to purify his soul and sublimate his realm. . In his "Temple Sacrifice to Yu" written in Yuezhou, after sincerely praising Dayu's eternal virtues of controlling floods and rescuing people, he wrote: "The king has a heart, and enjoyment is a wise virtue. If you later enter politics, avoid being a sycophant. Drink the water in the mirror to strengthen the clearness, use the bamboo arrows to straighten yourself; pay homage to God's rest and blessing, and look forward to the rest of the people. " reflects this change in thought and emotion. Therefore, he went on mountain climbing adventures in Yuezhou, visited people's livelihood, and became "quite self-reliant" in his poetry creation. He also began to turn on a healthy and fresh track, "circulating the capital, spreading it to everyone. Satire".

Death in a Foreign Land

Just when Song Zhiwen began to embark on the road to "rebirth", another palace coup forced him into a desperate situation. Jing Yunyuan In June of 710, Prince Li Longji of Linhai County and Princess Taiping killed Empress Wei and Princess Anle, supported Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty, and issued imperial edicts to Qinzhou (today's northeast of Qinzhou City, Guangxi) with Song Zhiwen and Wu Sansi. In August of the first year of Xiantian (712), after Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty Li Longji came to the throne, Song Zhiwen was granted death in a relocation place, ending his final life journey [5] "Old Book of Tang" said. "Xiantianzhong, he was given to die in his relocation." "New Book of Tang Dynasty" said that he was "given to die in Guilin". The plot is very miserable: "When he asked, he was shaken by the imperial edict, and he walked east and west, but he was not able to make a decision. Zu Yong asked the envoy, "I have a wife, so I am lucky to hear the answer." The messenger promised him, but he was too frightened to do anything at home. Zu Yong said angrily: "I deserve to die because I have betrayed the country, so why should I return to evil so late?" ’ He died after eating, drinking, and bathing. ”