(1) putonghua t? T initials are spelled with some vowels (such as "home street, knocker, getting off shoes", etc. ), and T is also read in parts of Huaibei and the south of Huaihe River. T tone 1 1. In dialects on both sides of the Yangtze River and in cities and counties such as western Anhui and southern Anhui, most of these words are pronounced as kkx initials, and correspondingly, neat vowels are also pronounced as open vowels. For example, Wuhu dialect reads ka3 1 for "home" and k for "knock". 3 1, "shoes" reads x? 35。
(2). Putonghua T? T initials spell some vowels, and most parts of Anhui also read T? Start with a T. But Ningguo, Yuexi, Qianshan and Tongcheng dialects read T? Correspondingly, the initial t is also pronounced as a vowel or an intermediate vowel. For example, Tongcheng dialect "donated" to read ct? Ann, "Tuan" reads ctn, "Xu" reads C? .
(3) putonghua t? T initials spell some words of I vowels (except ancient entering tones), and most areas in Anhui also read T? Start with a T. Hefei, Feidong, Feixi, Shucheng, Jixi, Jingde and other places in central Anhui are pronounced as tstss initials, and vowels are correspondingly pronounced as? . For example, in Hefei, "chicken" reads cts? , "Flag" reads cts? , "Hi" to read cs? .
(4) Like Putonghua, most areas in Anhui also read T syllables such as "essence, wine, money, autumn, elementary school and cultivation". Start with a T. However, in a few local dialects such as Yang Guo, Fuyang Old School, Linquan Old School, Fanchang and Shexian County, it is pronounced as the initial of tstss. For example, read ctsi's "wine" in Yang Guo dialect? U, read ctsi in Autumn? U, "small" reading csi? .
2. putonghua t? In Anhui dialect, words beginning with t have three pronunciations:
(1) Most dialects in central and southwestern Anhui have some Putonghua, t? T initial (part of Guzhuang Formation) is pronounced as tstss initial. For example, reading TS- in Hefei dialect means "wrinkle and struggle", TS- means "initial anxiety" and S- means "teacher-student relationship".
(2) Most cities and counties along Huaihe River and Yangtze River have ts initials and T? In the case that the initial letters of the group are not divided, they are all pronounced as tstss. For example, in the dialects of Bengbu and Wuhu, knowledge = capital, nest = Cao, and mountain = three.
(3) Most cities and counties in southern Anhui and southwestern Anhui, Mandarin T? The initials are pronounced tstss and t? Start with a T. For example, does she county dialect "Zhi" read cts? , "know" to read ct? Me, "window" reads cts, "car" reads ct? Ia, "comb" read csu, "close" read C? I.3. In the Middle Ages, all voiced consonants, such as "Bing", "Ding" and "Qun", were pronounced as voiced consonants in Mandarin, with a flat voice and no aspirated sound. For example, "Po" and "Bu" are vowels, and the initial of "Po" in Mandarin is P, and the initial of "Bu" is P.
The same is true in most parts of Anhui. Dialects in a few cities and counties are different from Mandarin in two ways:
(1) In Gan dialect in southwest Anhui and Hui dialect in south Anhui, the characters of these ancient voiced initials are all flat, and most of them are pronounced as aspirated voiced initials. For example, in Qianshan dialect and Shexian dialect, "Po" and "Bu" start with P, "Ti" and "Di" start with T, and "Kui" and "Ghost" start with K. ..
(2) Wu dialect in southern Anhui still maintains the independent sound category of ancient voiced initials. Some words are still voiced, while others are pronounced voiced first. For example, in Taiping dialect, the initial consonant of "defeat" and "skin" is full voiced stop b, the initial consonant of "Tao" and "degree" is full voiced stop d, and the initial consonant of "kwai" and "poor" is full voiced stop. ; The "skin" and "white" of the old-school dialect in Wuhu county are pronounced as fricative f? Are the initials "pick" and "big" pronounced as fricative sounds that are first clear and then voiced? The initials "sunflower" and "cabinet" are pronounced as fricative X? The initials "worm" and "poor" are pronounced as fricative initials that are first clear and then voiced.
4. The initial consonants of the words "nao", "nu", "nian" and "female" in Putonghua are different from those of "Lao", "Lu", "Lian" and "Lv". The former group is nasal N, while the latter group is bian L ... Zhongyuan Mandarin in northern Anhui and Gan Dialect in southwestern Anhui are the same mandarin, and the characters of nasal initial consonants and lateral initial consonants are clear respectively. A few dialects of Jianghuai Mandarin in central Anhui and Xuanzhou Wu dialect in southern Anhui are different from Mandarin, and there is no difference in pronunciation between these two initials. Most cities and counties read n and l casually, and a few cities and counties read n or l completely. In short, n and l are indistinguishable. For example, Hefei dialect and Wuhu dialect can't distinguish the initials of "brain" and "old", "anger" and "road", "year" and "Lian", "woman" and "road", but the situation is different. Hefei dialect often pronounces these words as L initials, while Wuhu dialect is used to pronouncing "brain" and "Lu".
5. The pronunciation of the initial f in Putonghua, and the pronunciation of the words "Fu", "Bandit", "Fang", "Chu" and "Shuang"? The pronunciation of initials in most parts of Anhui is the same as that of Putonghua, but only parts of cities and counties in northern Anhui, such as Yang Guo, Linquan, Fuyang, Jieshou and Bozhou, read Putonghua? An initial with a closed vowel is pronounced as an f initial. For example, Yang Guo dialect reads "book" as "husband" cfu and "water" as "bandit" cf? Read "double" as "square" cf ɑ ~.
6. There are obvious differences between the pronunciation of "Fu" and "Hu", "Fei", "Grey", "Fen" and "Marriage" in Mandarin. Like Mandarin, dialects in central and western Anhui are clearly divided. However, in Shouxian, Fengtai, Huainan (West), Jingxian, Shitai, Jingde, Taiping and other places, as well as in Hubei dialect between Guangde and Ningguo, F is indistinguishable from Xu. In these places, the initial f is generally pronounced as the initial x (combined vowel). Some people pronounce the initial x (combined vowel) as the initial f (spelled vowel), while others pronounce the initial f and x casually. ..
7. Mandarin? There are also differences in the pronunciation of initials in Anhui dialect. For example, Fuyang dialect and Hefei dialect are all pronounced as human, circuitous, soft, velvet, hot and heaven. The initials of some cities and counties along the Huaihe River (such as Bengbu and Wuwei) are mostly pronounced as voiced consonant Z before the tip of the tongue. Dangtu dialect is pronounced as a voiced fricative sound at the root of the tongue again? How to pronounce the words "people", "detours", "softness", "sun" and "heat" in Anhui Hui language with initials? Initial consonants, such as "Ru" and "Rong" are pronounced as zero initial consonants.
8. Words with zero initials in Mandarin are generally pronounced as initials in Anhui dialect. There are three situations:
(1) Zero-rhyme initials are mostly pronounced in Zhongyuan Mandarin in northern Anhui. Initial consonants are pronounced in Hefei, Feidong, Feixi and Shucheng in central Anhui. Pronunciation of initials in Jianghuai Mandarin along the Yangtze River, Xuanzhou Wu dialect in southern Anhui, Gan dialect in western Anhui and Huizhou dialect in southern Anhui. Initial consonants such as "an", Fuyang dialect pronounced C? A ~, fat for C? ~, Chaohu dialect reads c? ~, C in Shexian dialect and C in Taihu dialect? Ann.
(2) Shut up and shout out the initial zero. Most of them read the initial V in Jianghuai Mandarin in eastern Anhui, Zhongyuan Mandarin in the south of Huaihe River, Xuanwu dialect in southern Anhui and some Huizhou dialects. For example, "Wen" and Fengyang dialect read cv? ~, read cv in Chuxian dialect, cv in Shitai dialect and cva in Xiuning dialect.
(3) In Anhui Hui dialect and Jiangxi dialect, a part of the word "Qi Qi is called zero initial" (ancient doubtful initial) is often pronounced as "Qi Qi is called zero initial". Or n initials, and some words (second-class rhymes from ancient doubtful initials) are pronounced as? Taking initials as an example, "study" the pronunciation of Yuexi and Xiuning dialects? Initial consonant, "one" in Shexian dialect, n initial consonant, and "bite" in Yuexi and Shexian dialect? initial of a Chinese syllable
9. Compound vowels such as ai and au in Putonghua are mostly pronounced as single vowels in Huaibei dialect, central Anhui dialect and southern Anhui dialect. For example, how to pronounce Fuyang dialect "defeated too"? Vowels, e vowels in Hefei dialect, vowels in Shexian dialect and vowels in Taiping dialect; Bao Dao is pronounced in Fuyang dialect, Hefei dialect and Shexian dialect. The vowels in Taiping dialect are pronounced as e vowels.
10. In Mandarin, "blocking", "road", "ancestor", "vinegar" and "element" are pronounced with U vowels, while "dou", "tou", "walking" and "search" are pronounced with ou vowels. However, Gan dialect in western Anhui, Tongcheng dialect and Ningguo Hubei dialect all read these U rhymes as homophones with Ou vowels. For example, blocking = hitting, Tao = throwing, Tao = leaking, Zu = walking, vinegar = gathering, and Su = searching.
1 1. putonghua, a? 、? N, vowel, is pronounced as nasal vowel in Zhongyuan Mandarin in northern Anhui and Jianghuai Mandarin in central Anhui. For example, how to pronounce "An" in Fuyang dialect? A ~, see the fat word? ~, "En" Can you speak Fuyang dialect and Bengbu dialect? ~ finals.
12. putonghua, a? In Anhui Hui language, vowels are mostly pronounced as vowels. For example, "Tang" reads cta in Shexian dialect, ctau in Tunxi dialect and cku in Shexian dialect. Read ckuˇ in Tunxi dialect. Someone reads u in Mandarin? N, vowel words are also pronounced as meta-rhyme in Anhui Hui language. For example, read ctuˇ in "Dun" Xiuning dialect, cta in "Deng" Xiuning dialect and S in "Sheng" Shexian dialect. "Ning" is pronounced in Xiuning dialect? .
13. In Mandarin, the vowels of an and uan are pronounced as "Ban", "Dan", "Guan" and "Wan", and A is pronounced as "Bang", "Party", "Guang" and "Wang". 、ua？ Rhyme in Maanshan, Wuhu, Tongling, Guichi, Anqing, Huaining, Tongcheng and southern Anhui, there are an and a? Anyway, uan and ua? Indiscriminate situation. For example, in Wuhu dialect, both "Banbang" and "Dangdang" pronounce A ~ vowels, while "Guanguang" and "Wangwang" pronounce UA ~ vowels. Do you read both "Death Squad" and "Feeling Hong Kong" in Qimen dialect? ~ vowels, "Bangban" and "Guan Guang" all pronounce u vowels.
14. Read Mandarin "Menzhen Heel" and "Lin Minjin" respectively? N, respectively in vowels "Meng Zhenggeng" and "Ming Jing Ling", I? What are the rhymes in Central Plains Mandarin along Huaihe River and most dialects south of Huaihe River? N and undifferentiated, with me? Indiscriminate situation. For example, in the dialects of Bengbu, Hefei, Wuhu and Anqing, "Peng Zhenggeng" = "Penzhen Sui" and "Ming Jing Ling" = "Ren Lin Jin"; In Chuxian and Taiping, it is true to the basin = Peng Zhenggeng, human forest gold = Ming Jing Ling, and Shexian dialect = wind steaming = distinguishing truth and cleverness = Jin Min.
15. In Putonghua, "Banban" is homophonic, "Manbu" is homophonic, "Guanguan" is homophonic, and "Evening Bowl" is homophonic. The first two groups all read a vowel, and the last two groups all read a vowel. However, these words are pronounced as different vowels in Jianghuai Mandarin in central and eastern Anhui, Gan dialect in western Anhui and Wu dialect in Xuanzhou along the Yangtze River. For example, "Banman" and "Wanwan" Hefei dialect are pronounced as ~, u ~ vowels, and Yuexi dialect is pronounced as an and uan vowels; The two words "Dong Man" and "short and sour official bowl" are pronounced as ~ vowels in Hefei, and all the words in Yuexi dialect are pronounced as on vowels except "official bowl".
16. In Mandarin, "Ju, Xuan and Qun" are pronounced with vowels of Y, yan and yn, while "Pig, Iron and Lip" are pronounced with vowels of U, uan and U? N vowels However, the vowels of these two words are confused in Gan dialect in western Anhui and Tongcheng, Zongyang and Ningguo dialects. For example, does Juzhu read ct in Huaining dialect? Y, read ct in Tongcheng dialect? , "Tuanlip" Huaining, reading ct in Taihu dialect? Yn, read ct in Tongcheng Ningguo dialect? N, "Xuan Shuan" is pronounced C in Huaining and Taihu dialects? Yan, do you read C in Tongcheng Ningguo dialect? Ann.
17. in putonghua, "duo" reads uo vowels, "dui" reads uei vowels, and "dun" reads u? Vowels, paragraphs are pronounced vowels. However, in many dialects in our province, most vowels of these words have lost their U rhyme and are pronounced as open vowels. For example, how about "Duoying" in Wuhu dialect and "Duihuan" in Bengbu dialect? Rhyme, both Yingshang and Bengbu read Dunsun? ~ rhyme, "Duan Suan" Hefei dialect is pronounced as ~ rhyme, while Ningguo and Guangde dialects are pronounced as a vowel.
18. The words "clothes are lower than Pimili" in Mandarin are pronounced with the vowel I, but in Hefei, Feidong, Feixi, Jixi, Jingde and other places? The vowels are the same as those of "capital and private".
19. The initial kkx in Mandarin is not spelled with homophonic rhyme. The kkx initials of Shexian, Qianshan and Yingshang dialects can all be spelled with several homophones. Such as the pronunciation of "dog" ki, "mouth" ki and "thick" xi in Shexian dialect, "heel" kin and "pit" kin in Qianshan dialect and "ge" kie, "ke" kie and "hei" Xie in Yingshang dialect.
20. There are four tones in Putonghua, namely, flat tone, rising tone, rising tone and falling tone, and ancient entering tone characters are merged into these four tones respectively. Although there are four tones in Central Plains Mandarin in northern Anhui, most of the ancient Rusheng words are merged into Yin Ping (Rusheng words in ancient Qing Dynasty and Rusheng words in secondary turbidity) and Yangping (Rusheng words in ancient Quanqing Dynasty) respectively. Jianghuai Mandarin in central Anhui and Wu dialect along the Yangtze River have five tones, which, like Mandarin, have one more tone than Mandarin. Gan dialect in western Anhui and Hui dialect in southern Anhui are mostly six tones. In addition to having one more tone than Mandarin, most people also divide voiced sounds into two categories: yinqu and yangqu. Compared with Putonghua, the tone values of different dialects are quite different. For example, Mandarin is read 55 times in Gao Pingtiao, Tongling dialect is read 55 times in Gao Pingtiao and Guichi dialect is read 44 times in Gao Pingtiao. The pronunciation of Putonghua is 565,438+0, which is similar to Zhongyuan Mandarin in northern Anhui and Jianghuai Mandarin in cities and counties along Huainan Railway in central Anhui. Most of these dialects are pronounced with 53 high and low tones.