Shennong Shi Xi Zhu, Huangdi Normal University, Zhuan Xu Shi Bo Yifu, Emperor Yao Shi Zizhou Branch, Emperor Shun Shi, Yu Shi Cheng Zhi, Tang Shi, Shi, Zhou Gongdan, Qi Huangong Shi Guan Yiwu, Jin Wengong Shi Gui, Sui Hui, Qin Mugong Shi Bai Xixi, Gong Sunzhi, Chu Zhuangwang Shi Sun Shuao, Gong Sunzhi. Ten sages and six saints all respect their teachers. Today, how can it be ridiculous to respect teachers without respecting the emperor and being wise? Five emperors are destroyed, and three generations are destroyed.
People are born, so their ears can smell, and they can't smell deaf without learning; Make his eyes see, not learn, and his eyes are not blind; Make him speak without evidence, learn without skill, and make his words uncomfortable; In this way, his heart can know whether he is crazy or not without learning. Therefore, learning is not only beneficial, but also natural. Being able to live without loss all day is called being good at learning.
Zhang Zi, a humble family in Lu Zhi; Yan Zhuoju, the thief of Fu Liang; Learn from Confucius. The scholar Duan Ganmu of the State of Jin studied under Xia. Gao He, Xian Zishi and Qi Guobao also referred to country songs and learned from Zi Mozi. Dushan, a great cunning of the East, learned it from the slippery bird. These six people are also punished and humiliated. Today, I can't avoid punishment, death and humiliation, so that I can spend my life for celebrities all over the world, and princes can treat each other with courtesy, which is also learned.
Where do you study? You must work hard, but your heart is fine. Sarcasm, listening carefully, watching happily, asking the meaning of the book, listening to the eyes, not violating, retreating, seeking the so-called, arguing, arguing, being meticulous, learning the law, not worth the loss, not worth the loss, contrary to the original.
Be born with love. If you care about it, you should care about your heart. When you die, you worship sacrifice, and the art of worshipping sacrifice is the service of the season. Therefore, respecting teachers is also very important. Treat Tang Garden, irrigate diseases and plant trees; Weave flowers, weave nets and bind reeds; Fields, hard work, grain; Such as mountains, rivers, fish and turtles, birds and animals. Therefore, respecting teachers is also very important. Watch the horse and drive carefully; Suitable clothes, light and warm; If you are eating, you must be embarrassed; Good reconciliation and good service; Must be respectful, pleasant, and cautious; Illness often flies, and it can be very serious. Therefore, respecting teachers is also very important.
The study of a gentleman, that is to say, when you talk about righteousness, you must ask the teacher to preach, and when you listen, you must try to be aboveboard. If you don't work hard, life will come back; If you don't be a teacher, you will be rebellious. Traitors, saints should be loyal to the DPRK, and gentlemen don't make friends.
Therefore, the teacher also has a sense of justice; People who learn also know it. Righteousness is greater than benefiting people, and benefiting people is greater than teaching; Those who know are greater than those who succeed, and those who succeed are greater than those who learn. Success, filial piety, loyalty, strong husband, there will be a general trend to make the world right. So Zi Gong asked Confucius, "How can future generations call them masters?" Confucius said, "Why do you call me? If you don't do it yourself, you will be eager to learn and tireless, and you will be tireless in teaching. This is the only evil! " The son of heaven went to imperial academy to offer sacrifices to saints and tasted as a teacher, so he respected learning and teachers.
[Note] Shennong: The legendary name of the ancient emperor, also known as Yandi. Teacher: Here ... as a teacher. Note: It is said that he is a teacher of Shennong. Huangdi: Xuanyuan, the emperor of Shennong. Legend has it that sericulture, medicine, boats, cars, palaces, writing and so on all began in the Yellow Emperor. Brain: It is said that the historian of the Yellow Emperor created a method of matching dates with trunks and branches. Zhuan Xu: According to legend, the ancient emperor's name was Levin. Boyi's father: It is said that he is Zhuan Xu's teacher. Di Ku: According to legend, the name of the ancient emperor was Gao Xin. Zhao Bo: It is said that he is Di Ku's teacher. Xu You: the legendary ancient hermit. Dachengzhi: Yu's legendary teacher. Chen Xiao: Yi Yin, the founding hero of Shang Dynasty. Lv Wang: The Founding Hero of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Guan Yiwu: Guan Zhong, who helped Qi Huangong become the champion, named Huan Gong Guan Zhong. The culprit: Jin Wengong's minister. Sui Hui: It's the literati association, Dr. Jin. Prissy: Dr. Qin. Gong: Dr. Qin. Sun Shuai: Chu Zhuangwang's Lingyin. Shen: A doctor of the State of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Wu Zixu: Dr. Wu. Wen Zhiyi: Dr. Wu. Fan Li: Dr. Yue. Species: that is, literary species, the more doctors there are. Shuang: I won't talk about oral injury. Zhang Zi: A disciple of Confucius. Yan Zhuoju: Doctor Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period. Fu Liang: The name of the next mountain on Mount Tai. Duan Ganmu: A sage of Wei in the early Warring States, who lived in seclusion and was not an official. Xia Zi: a disciple of Confucius. Gao He and Xian Zi Shi: People in the Warring States Period were disciples of Confucius. Refers to: being accused. Country songs: the countryside. Sol: disciple of ink fowl slippery plum. Camp: pass the "camp" and be confused. Disease: Hard work. Irony: Recite. Secretary: Pass "wait" and so on. Appreciation pleasure: pay attention to the teacher's pleasure. "Huan" means "Huan", but unfortunately: pride. Tompu: A vegetable garden. Paju: Ma Xie. First, pass the "Shu". Jū: A net for catching wild animals. Very clean. Here, pass "clean". Item: After "stagger", run in small steps. Internal: pass "that". Positive: Lord. Teeth: row.
(Zhang Jing)
?
Appreciation: Respecting teachers and stressing morality is a summary of China's ancient educational thoughts. It attaches great importance to the important role of teachers in people's spiritual growth and career success, and stipulates people's attitudes towards teachers, learning and knowledge.
With his extensive knowledge, the author first lists the names of the most outstanding historical figures and their teachers in ancient times, and eloquently proves with a large number of historical facts that the brilliant achievements of these great figures are inseparable from their respect for teachers and their spiritual and career guidance. In this way, the article not only sets an example of respecting teachers, but also reveals the long-standing tradition of respecting teachers in China, and regards this tradition and the role of teachers as the basic factors of historical progress and the development of human civilization.
The article emphasizes the role of teachers for profound historical reasons. As early as the Warring States period, religion was no longer dominant in politics, military affairs, justice, education, culture, art and other fields. At the same time, pre-Qin philosophy was strongly aware of the rulers' endless desire for power and enjoyment, and their arbitrary subjective will and moody emotions caused great harm to society. In this way, philosophers expect people with profound wisdom, outstanding ideas, noble personality and certain expertise to guide the governance of the country, the growth of human spirit, the development of social culture and personal career. It is in this historical background that the concept and tradition of respecting teachers and valuing morality came into being.
In this article, the following four points are particularly noteworthy:
First, the article puts forward: "Therefore, learning is useless and natural." The author thinks that the role of teachers is not that they are imparting professional knowledge, methods and technologies, but that they are cultivators and potential pioneers of human nature. According to the logic of the article, although people are born with sensory and mental organs and have the ability to perceive and recognize things, if they don't study and have no guidance and training from teachers, these abilities will not only be developed and improved, but also become negative factors, leading to people's degeneration and endangering society. This paper takes Yan Jiju, Gao He, Xian Zishi and others as examples to illustrate this truth. Teachers' education for people with problems is not to instill anything into them from the outside, nor to force them to accept anything, but to stimulate their awareness of learning, guide and cultivate their nature, and let them get full development. The article says: "Those who can live all day without losing money are good at learning", which is a very valuable educational thought.
Second, the most important thing for teachers to teach people or invite scholars to learn from teachers is to "become a person", that is, to achieve self and develop ideal personality. The article says that "knowledge is greater than adults". It believes that knowledge is important, but a perfect personality is the most decisive for a person: "filial piety of adults, loyalty of ministers, strong and flat gentleman have the general trend of making the world right." Although this language reveals some patriarchal thoughts, its original intention is to say that ideal personality makes people have irresistible spiritual vitality, which is an inexhaustible source of strength for people to succeed.
Third, the most important thing to respect teachers is to respect and carry forward the teacher's way. That is, the teacher's beliefs, ideals and aspirations, his philosophy of life, political ideas and the basic value orientation expressed in his teaching, words and deeds. The phrase "Listen to what you hear, think back and seek the so-called" requires people to focus on learning from others. The article regards following and carrying forward the teacher's way as the most important responsibility of seeking scholars, and even calls the behavior of following and not trying to carry forward the teacher's way betrayal. Of course, the teachers here mostly refer to scholars, that is, recognized outstanding and authoritative intellectuals, as well as those outstanding spiritual teachers in society or in the court. Obviously, the article wants to regard them, not any ruler, as the conscience of society, the soul of the nation and the guide of cultural development. This article reflects the traditional Confucian thought of respecting teachers and valuing morality.
Fourth, scholars and society should respect teachers wholeheartedly in their lives and care about teachers from all aspects. Respect for teachers should not only be reflected in the attitude of respect for teachers in daily words and deeds, but also in the attitude of being open-minded, serious, dedicated and diligent in learning, and should be transformed into professionalism and hard-working quality, engaging in manual labor, planting crops, vegetables and fishing and hunting. As a career, you can also use your personal labor income to contribute to the teacher and pay tribute to the teacher. These thoughts have made important contributions to the formation of China's fine tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education, and also promoted the development of China's ancient educational thoughts.
This paper comprehensively discusses the aspect of obeying the authority of teachers. But it doesn't involve how teachers strengthen the exchange of ideas with scholars, how to have free and equal academic discussions with scholars, and how to learn from each other. This is a defect of this paper.