1. Classical Chinese translation of ancient friendship stories, brief and detailed. thanks

Li Cunzhen came up with a bow to teach his son

The original text Li Cunshen came from a humble background and tried to quit. The disciples said: "Your father went to the countryside with a sword. During the forty years, he became a general and prime minister. During this period, not only one person died ten thousand times, but one person survived, and more than a hundred people broke bones and produced arrowheads." Because he was given the arrowhead, Ming Zangzhi said: "You Cao was born in Gaoliang. You should know that your father started like this."

Reference translation Li Cunshen was born in a poor family with a low status. He often warned his children: : "When your father was young, he went to the countryside with a sword. Within forty years, he reached the level of general and prime minister. During this time, he escaped from danger and danger and survived more than once. He also pulled out an arrow hundreds of times. ." So he gave the pulled arrowhead to his son and ordered him to keep it, saying: "You were born into a wealthy family, and you should know that your fathers started their lives like this."

Sun Bin escapes danger

Original text Sun Binchang and Pang Juan both studied the art of war. Pang Juan served in Wei and became the general of King Hui. He thought he was not as good as Sun Bin, so he summoned Sun Bin. When Bin came, Pang Juan was afraid that he would be wiser than himself and he was sick, so he would cut off his feet and tattoo them, so as not to see him if he wanted to hide them. The envoys of Qi were like Liang, and Sun Bin thought that the prisoners were evil and criticized the envoys of Qi. The envoy of Qi was surprised and secretly carried it to Qi. General Tian Ji of Qi treated him kindly and as a guest.

Reference translation Sun Bin once studied the art of war with Pang Juan. Pang Juan served as an official in the state of Wei and became a general of King Hui of Wei. He thought that his talents were not as good as those of Sun Bin, so he secretly sent someone to call Sun Bin to the state of Wei. When Sun Bin arrived (in the state of Wei), Pang Juan was afraid that he could surpass himself and was jealous of him, so he punished him by breaking his legs and tattooing his face, hoping that he would be buried without being discovered. When the envoy from the State of Qi arrived in the State of Wei, Sun Bin secretly visited (the envoy) as a prisoner and persuaded the envoy from the State of Qi. The envoy from Qi State thought that (he) had outstanding talents, so he secretly took him to Qi State in a car. The general of Qi, Tian Ji, was very friendly to Sun Bin and treated him like a guest.

Painting ghosts is the easiest

The original text was written by a guest who was a painter for the King of Qi. The King of Qi asked: "Which one is the most difficult to draw?" He said: "The dogs and horses are the most difficult." "Which one is the most difficult?" Who is easy to change?" He said: "Ghosts and ghosts are the most easy to change." Human beings, dogs and horses, are known to be the best at dawn and dusk, so they cannot be compared. So difficult. The ghosts and invisible ones are not exhausted in the past, so they are easy to change.

Reference Translation Someone was painting for the King of Qi. The King of Qi asked him: "What is the most difficult to paint?" He said: "Dogs and horses are the most difficult to paint." The King of Qi asked again: "What is the easiest to paint? He said: "It is easiest to draw ghosts." Dogs and horses are familiar to people and appear in front of you sooner or later. They cannot just be drawn similar, so they are difficult to draw; ghosts are invisible and will not appear in front of people. So easy to draw.

Original text Zi Mozi angrily plowed the pillars. Geng Zhuzhu said, "Am I not a slave to others?" Zimozi said, "I will go up to the Great Expedition to drive Ji and the sheep. Who shall I drive?" Geng Zhuzi said, "I will drive Ji." Zimozi said He said: "Why do you drive Ji away?" Geng Zhuzhu said: "Ji is enough to blame." Zi Mozi said: "I also think that I am enough to blame you."

Reference Translation Mozi was angry at Geng Zhuzhu, Geng Zhu asked: "Don't I have any advantage over others?" Mozi asked: "If I want to go to the Taihang Mountains and use a good horse or an ox to drive me, which one are you going to drive?" Zhuzi replied: "Of course I use good horses." Mozi asked: "Why do I need good horses?" Geng Zhuzhu said: "Because good horses can bear the responsibility." Mozi said: "I also thought you Be responsible."

Excerpted from "Baidu Knows" 2. Classical Chinese stories about making friends, original text

"The Way of Making Friends" original text and translation

Original text:

When I met (péng) Meng Xue shot at Yi, and practiced Yi's way. He thought that Yi was the only one in the world to heal himself, so he killed Yi. Mencius said: "Is Yi Yi guilty?" Gong Mingyi said: "It is better to be innocent." He said: "As thin as a cloud ear, how can he be innocent? The people of Zheng sent Zizhuo (zhúo) Ruzi to invade the Wei, and the Wei He ordered Yu Gong to pursue him. Zi Zhuo Ruzi said: "I am too busy to hold the bow today, and I will die!" He asked his servant: "Who is chasing me?" His servant said: "Yu" The master said: "I am born." His servant said: "Yu Gong is good at shooting. What do you mean by Master Yu?" Cum in me.

Husband Yin Gong treats him as a good person, and he must be careful when making friends. ’ When Duke Yu arrived, he said, ‘Master, why don’t you hold a bow? ’ He said: ‘Today I am working hard and cannot hold the bow. ’ He said: ‘The villain learned archery from Master Yin, and he learned archery from Master Yin Gong. I can't bear to use the Master's ways to harm the Master. Although today's matter is your matter, I dare not abolish it. ’ Draw the arrow, buckle the wheel, remove its gold, send the arrow (shèng) and then reverse it ②. ”

Comments

① Bo Huyun’er: Not big. ② Riding arrows: four arrows.

Translation

Feng Meng learned archery from Yi, and after he fully mastered Yi's archery skills, he thought that only Yi in the world was better than himself, so he killed Yi. Mencius said, "Yi was also at fault in this matter. Gong Mingyi said: "(Hou Yi) seems to have done nothing wrong." Mencius said: "The fault is not big, how can we say that there is no fault?" Zheng Guo once sent his son Zhuo Ruzi to attack Wei Guo, and Wei Guo sent Yu Gongzhi Si to pursue him. Zi Zhuo Ruzi said: "Today I am ill. I cannot hold my bow. I will not survive!" ’ He asked the man who was driving him: ‘Who is chasing me? ’ The man who drove him said, ‘It’s Yu Gong Si. ’ (Zi Zhuo Ruzi then) said, ‘I can’t die. ’ The man who drove him said, ‘Yugong Si is an excellent archer in Weiguo, but you say you can’t die. How can you say this? ’ (He replied): ‘Yugong Si once learned archery from Yin Gong, and Yin Gong him learned archery from me. Yin Gongzhi is an upright person, and the friends he chooses must also be upright. (A decent person would not kill his teacher.) Yu Gongsi caught up with him and asked, "Why don't you take the bow?" ’ (Zi Zhuo Ruzi) said: ‘I am ill today and cannot hold my bow. ’ (Yu Gong Si) said: ‘I learned archery from him, Gong Yin, and he learned archery from you, Gong Yin. I can’t bear to use your skills to hurt you. Even so, today's matter is a major matter for the king, and I dare not give up. ’ So he pulled out the arrow, knocked it on the wheel a few times, removed the arrowhead, shot four arrows, and then went back. ”

Modern Interpretation

Don’t be careless in dealing with people. Confucius once said, “One who has no friends is worse than oneself”, and also said, “Kindness to benevolence”, etc., which all show that when dealing with people, In this chapter, Mencius believed that Yi was guilty. In a sense, Yi's murder was self-inflicted, and the fault lay in his improper employment of people. Today, many leaders make mistakes when selecting and appointing cadres. They like those who surround themselves all the time. They like to listen to flattery and laugh at flattery, and they often end up doing bad things to these villains.

Hope to adopt 3. What are the classical Chinese stories that express "making friends"

1. Bao Jingji is devoted to friendship. Original text: Bao Jingji is devoted to friendship and is good with Wu Donghu. .

Wu died, and his family was married. He heard that Wu's daughter was a suitable person, but she was too poor to dress up. /p>

Translation: Bao Jingji was very loyal to his friends and was a good friend of Wu Donghu.

After Wu Donghu's death, Bao Jingji took great care of the Wu family. Thoughtful. Later, when Bao Jing was about to get his daughter married, he heard that Wu Donghu's daughter was going to get married, but because the family was poor and could not prepare her own dowry, he gave her his daughter's dowry. He got married a year later.

People at that time praised him for this. 2. Xun Jubo visited his sick friend. If you die, you can go. "

Ju Bo said: "When we look at each other from afar, my son ordered me to go away and betray my righteousness in order to survive. Is this what Ju Bo did? When the thieves arrived, they called Ju Bo and said, "The army has arrived and the entire county is empty. Who are you, a man, who dares to stand alone?" Ju Bo said, "My friend is sick and I can't bear to entrust him to him. I would rather sacrifice my life for him." The thief said to him, "I am a person without righteousness, but I have entered a country with righteousness." "

Then he sent his army back and captured the whole county. Translation: Xun Jubo went to a distant place to visit his sick friend, and happened to encounter the barbarians coming to attack the city.

A friend said to Jubo Xun: "I am about to die now, please leave as soon as possible!" Jubo Xun said: "I came all the way to visit you, but you asked me to leave; you ruined morality to survive. Why is it my behavior?" When the rebels arrived, they asked Jubo Xun, "When the army arrived, everyone in the city fled. Who are you that dare to stay here alone?" Jubo Xun replied, "My friend? He is ill, and (I) cannot bear to leave him. I would rather trade my life for the life of my friend." After hearing this, the thieves said to each other: "We are unjust people, but we want to invade this moral place!" So he mobilized the entire army and went back, and the whole city was preserved.

3. The original text of Guan Bao's friendship: Guan Zhong said: "When I was first in poverty, I tried to share the wealth with Uncle Bao, and I benefited a lot from him. Uncle Bao didn't think I was greedy, he knew I was poor. I Even though I was even poorer because I was working for Uncle Bao, Uncle Bao didn't think I was stupid, because he knew the pros and cons of the times.

I tried to be an official and had three views on you, but Uncle Bao didn't think I was unworthy and knew me. It's a bad time. I fought three times and walked away, but Uncle Bao didn't think I was timid. He knew I had an old mother.

When the young master was defeated, he died suddenly. I was imprisoned and humiliated, but Uncle Bao didn't think so. I am a ***, and I know that I am not ashamed of trivial details, but I am ashamed of not showing up in the world. My parents who gave me birth know me."

Explanation: Guan Zhong said: "I was poor at the beginning. When I was a kid, I used to do business with Uncle Bao, and I often got more profit from sharing the money. However, Uncle Bao didn't regard me as a greedy person. He knew that I was poor. Embarrassed and unable to deal with it, but Uncle Bao does not think I am stupid. He knows the favorable and unfavorable times.

I have been an official three times and been dismissed by the king three times. Uncle Bao does not treat me as an incompetent person. I know I have not had good luck. I have fought three times and retreated three times. Uncle Bao does not think I am a coward. He knows that I still have an old mother at home.

After the young master failed to fight for the throne, my colleague Zhao Hu. I committed suicide for this reason, and I was locked up in a deep prison and endured the humiliation. Uncle Bao didn't think I was a ****. He knew that I would not be ashamed of losing my integrity, but I would be ashamed of my parents for not being famous in the world. "Uncle Bao is the one who understands me!" 4. The original text of "High Mountains and Flowing Waters": Boya is good at playing the piano, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening.

Boya plays the drum and harp, aiming high in the mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's as tall as Mount Tai!" Aiming at flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's as tall as a river!" What Boya thought about, Zhong Ziqi would definitely get it.

Bo Ya was wandering in the shadow of Mount Tai. He was caught in a heavy rain and stopped at the foot of a rock. Feeling sad, he played the harp and drums. At first it was the movement of rain, but now it was the sound of mountains collapsing.

Zhong Ziqi always ran out of fun every time the music was played. Boya abandoned his qin and sighed, saying: "It's good, it's good. My son listens to his husband's will, and the imagination is still in my heart.

Where can I escape?" Translation: Boya is good at playing the qin, Zhongzi Be good at listening. Boya played the piano and thought about the mountains.

Zhong Ziqi said: "Okay! It's tall and looks like Mount Tai!" Thinking of the flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said: "Okay! It's broad and looks like a river!" What Boya was thinking, Zhong Ziqi must understand it. Boya was traveling to the north of Mount Tai when he suddenly encountered a heavy rain and was under a rock. Feeling sad, he took the piano and started playing.

First it was the song of heavy rain, and then it was the sound of collapsing mountains. Whenever a piece of music is played, Zhong Ziqi can always find out the source of its interest.

Boya put down the piano and sighed: "Okay, okay! What you think of when you listen to the piano is just like what I think of when I play the piano. How can I let the sound of my piano escape you? "Where are your ears?" 5. The original text of Chujiujiao: At that time, Gong Shamu came to visit the Imperial Academy and had no money, so he became a servant and rented a pound for you.

You and Yu were shocked, so they handed him over to the pestle and mortar. It means that you don’t have to be poor to make friends.

Explanation: During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a poor and studious scholar named Gongshamu. After studying hard for a period of time, I always felt that what I had learned was limited and wanted to enter the Imperial College in the capital to continue my studies.

Gongshamu's family was poor and did not have enough money to pay for his studies at Taixue. So Gongshamu went to work as a Sammi worker in a wealthy family of Wu You.

Wu You once held official positions such as Prime Minister of Qi and Chief History. One day, Gong Shamu was in Semi, and Wu You came to him. Wu You saw that Gong Shamu behaved politely and didn't look like a rough worker at all, so he started chatting with him.

During the conversation, Wu You found that Gongshamu was knowledgeable and insightful.

Regardless of the wealth gap between them, Wu You became friends with him in front of the pestle and mortar. 4. Two classical Chinese stories about making friends

1. Bao Jing is almost devoted to friendship, Bao Jing is almost devoted to friendship, and is good with Wu Donghu.

When Wu died, he even helped his family. When I heard that the daughter of Wu was going to be a good match, but she was too poor to dress up, I gave her her daughter's dowry as a gift, and I married her a year later.

It is called according to current opinions. Translation: Bao Jingji is very loyal to his friends and is a good friend with Wu Donghu.

After Wu Donghu’s death, Bao Jingji took care of the Wu family extremely thoughtfully. Later, when Bao Jing was about to get his daughter married, he heard that Wu Donghu's daughter was about to get married, but because the family was poor and could not prepare her own dowry, he gave her his daughter's dowry. His daughter was too late. She didn't get married until a year later.

People at that time praised him for this. 2. Jubo Xun visited his sick friend Dynasty: Southern and Northern Dynasties Author: Liu Yiqing Original text: Jubo Xun saw from a distance that his friend was ill just before barbarians attacked the county. The friend said to Jubo: "I am dead now, and you can go."

Jubo He said: "Looking at each other from afar, my son ordered me to go and defeat justice in order to survive. Is this what Jubo Xun did?" When the thief arrived, he said to Jubo: "The army has arrived and the whole county is empty. What man do you think you dare to do alone?" ? "Ju Bo said: "My friend is sick and I can't bear to leave him alone. I would rather take my life than my friend's." The thief said to him, "I am a man of no righteousness, and I am entering a country of righteousness."

< p> Then the army returned and the entire county was captured. Translation: Jubo Xun went to a distant place to visit his sick friend, and happened to encounter barbarians attacking the city.

A friend said to Jubo Xun: "I am about to die now, please leave as soon as possible!" Jubo Xun said: "I came all the way to visit you, but you asked me to leave; you ruined morality to survive. Why is it my behavior?" When the rebels arrived, they asked Jubo Xun, "When the army arrived, everyone in the city fled. Who are you that dare to stay here alone?" Jubo Xun replied, "My friend? He is ill, and (I) cannot bear to leave him. I would rather trade my life for the life of my friend." After hearing this, the thieves said to each other: "We, the unjust people, want to invade this moral place!" So he mobilized the entire army and went back, and the whole city was preserved. 5. Two classical Chinese stories about making friends

1. Bao Jingji is devoted to friendship

Bao Jingji is devoted to friendship and is good with Wu Donghu. When Wu died, his family even died. When I heard that the daughter of Wu was going to be a good match, but she was too poor to dress up, I gave her her daughter's dowry as a gift, and I married her a year later. It is called the current theory.

Translation:

Bao Jing and his friends are very loyal to each other and are good friends with Wu Donghu. After Wu Donghu's death, Bao Jingji took very good care of the Wu family. Later, when Bao Jing was about to get his daughter married, he heard that Wu Donghu's daughter was about to get married, but because the family was poor and could not prepare her own dowry, he gave her his daughter's dowry. His daughter was too late. She didn't get married until a year later. People at that time praised him for this.

2. Xun Jubo visits his sick friends

Dynasty: Southern and Northern Dynasties

Author: Liu Yiqing

Original text:

Xun Jubo Yuan Seeing that his friend was ill and a bandit was about to attack the county, his friend said to Ju Bo, "I am dead now, so you can go." Ju Bo said, "We came to see each other from afar, and you ordered me to go. To defeat justice in order to survive is not what Ju Bo did. Evil?" When the thief arrived, he said to Ju Bo, "The army has arrived and the whole county is empty. How dare you stand alone?" Ju Bo said, "My friend is sick and I can't bear to do it. I would rather sacrifice my life for him." "The thieves said to each other: "We are a man of no righteousness, but we entered a country of righteousness." Then he returned with his army and captured the whole county.

Translation

Xun Jubo went to a distant place to visit his sick friend, and happened to encounter barbarians attacking the city. The friend said to Jubo Xun: "I am about to die now, please leave as soon as possible!" Jubo Xun said: "I came all the way to visit you, but you asked me to leave; how could it be my behavior to corrupt morality and justice in order to survive? "When the rebels came, they asked Jubo Xun: "As soon as the army arrived, everyone in the city fled. Who are you to dare to stay here alone?" Jubo Xun replied: "My friend is sick, (I) don't mind? I had the heart to leave him, and would rather trade my life for the life of my friend." After hearing this, the thieves said to each other: "We are unjust people, but we want to invade this moral place!" So they mobilized the entire army and went back. The whole city was thus preserved. 6. Ancient idioms and stories about making friends in classical Chinese

High mountains and flowing water are a metaphor for finding a close friend or a wonderful piece of music.

"Liezi Tangwen": "Bo Ya played the harp and played the harp, aiming at the high mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: 'How good it is, the mountains are as high as Mount Tai.' Aiming on the flowing water, he said: 'How good it is, the oceans are like rivers.'

Source of the allusion

"Liezi·Tangwen": "Bo Ya played the harp and wanted to climb a high mountain. Zhong Ziqi said: 'It's so good, it's as high as Mount Tai.' ’ Aiming at the flowing water, he said: ‘How good it is, it is as vast as a river. '"

Character profile

Boya, a senior official of the Jin State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, was originally from Yingdu, Chu State (today's Jingzhou, Hubei Province). After research, Boya originally had the surname Bo, saying that his "surname is Yu Mingrui and given name is Boya" is a fabrication in the novel by Feng Menglong, a novelist in the late Ming Dynasty. Before that, "Historical Records", "Xunzi", "Qin Cao", "Lieh Zi" and other books were all "Bo Ya". Gao You of the Eastern Han Dynasty noted: "Bo's surname, Ya Ming, may be Zuo Ya", and the modern "Ci Yuan" also noted: "Bo's surname Ya Ming" was a very common surname in ancient times, such as Zhou Dynasty. Boyi, who did not eat Zhou millet during the reign of King Wu, and Bole, who was good at horse training during the reign of King Mu of Qin, were born in the Spring and Autumn Period of Chu (now Hanyang, Hubei Province). Qi is a woodcutter wearing a bamboo hat, a raincoat, a load on his back, and an axe. According to historical records, Yu Boya was playing the harp on the bank of the Han River. Zhong Ziqi sighed: "It's as tall as a mountain and as swaying as flowing water." "The two became close friends. After Zhong Ziqi's death, Yu Boya believed that there was no music in the world, so he never played the harp again.

Original text in classical Chinese

Boya was good at playing the harp, and Zhong Ziqi was good at playing the harp. Ziqi was good at listening. Boya played the harp, and his ambition was high in the mountains. Zhong Ziqi said, "How wonderful! It's as high as Mount Tai!" "Aiming at flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's like a river! "What Bo Ya thought about, Zhong Ziqi will definitely get it. After Zi Qi died, Bo Ya said that there will be no more music in the world, which means that the strings of the harp will be broken and the drum will never be played again.

Translation

Boya was good at playing the piano, and Zhong Ziqi was good at listening. When Boya was playing the piano, he thought of Gao Shan and said, "You play so well!" Towering mountains seemed to appear in front of my eyes! "Thinking about Liu Shui, Zhong Ziqi said: "Okay! I seemed to see a rushing river! "Whatever Bo Ya was thinking, Zhong Ziqi could accurately express his thoughts. After Zhong Ziqi's death, Bo Ya felt that he would never find a close friend, so he broke his beloved qin and stopped playing it for the rest of his life. 7. The story of making friends in ancient times, in classical Chinese, thank you

The promise of chicken and millet

The scholar Zhang Shao, courtesy name Yuan Bo, was a native of Nancheng, Ruzhou during the reign of Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty. Young Fenzhi studied.

My younger brother Zhang Qintong was working at home to support his sixty-year-old mother. When he went to Luoyang, the eastern capital, he met Xiucai Shifan in a hotel and was in danger of the epidemic.

Shi, whose name is Juqing, is from Shanyang, Chuzhou. He is forty years old. Yuanbo rescued Juqing when he was dying, and the two became close friends in life and death. Shi is the brother and Bo is the brother. < /p>

The two had missed the exam date, and it was the Double Ninth Festival. They said goodbye and agreed to meet at Yuan Bo's house today next year. Yuan Bo promised to treat each other with chicken and millet.

By next year, Juqing was tired of food and clothing at home and was busy. When his neighbor was paying his salary and drinking wine, he remembered the promise of chicken and millet.

His heart was broken because he was thousands of miles away. Hearing the saying that "a man cannot travel a thousand miles in a day, his soul can travel a thousand miles", Yuan Bo stood there all day long, waiting for the big news in the middle of the night. Sir, this is my soul! Later, Uncle Yuan rushed to Shanyang and saw his brother's coffin. He also committed suicide and asked to be buried together.

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