The origin of Sichuan Opera can be traced back to the pre-Qin period or even earlier, and then the two Han Dynasties played hundreds of operas, laying the foundation for early Sichuan Opera. In the famous article of the Warring States Period, "Song Yu's Questions to the King of Chu", "He is from Lower Liba, and there are thousands of peaceful people in the country." The so-called "Xiaoliba people" are Sichuan folk songs and dances or singers and dancers. According to documents such as "Taiping Guangji" and "Barnyard History Collection", "Bullfighting" has been performed since Li Bing, the governor of Shu County. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sichuan's first satirical comedy "Wrath" appeared, which can be said to be the originator of Sichuan opera comedy.

In the Tang and Five Dynasties, Sichuan Opera was at its peak, and there was a situation where "Shu's skills were the best in the world". Plays frequently performed during this period included "Liu Pi Ke Mai", "Maixiu Liangqi" and "Guankou Shen". The earliest opera troupe in the history of Chinese opera appeared so far, that is, the five-person opera troupe composed of Gan Manchuan, Bai Jia, Ye Si, Zhang Mei and Zhang Ao recorded in "Youyang Zazu".

From the "Bullfighting" play to the Song Dynasty drama "Wine, Sex and Wealth", they lasted more than a thousand years. They are authentic "Sichuan Operas" and can be regarded as Sichuan Opera in a broad sense. Sichuan Opera in the modern sense should be said to have begun with the "Sichuan Opera" that emerged in the Ming Dynasty based on Southern Opera, Sichuan Zaju and Yuan Zaju in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

In the Qing Dynasty, Sichuan Opera consisted of five different tunes: Kunqu Opera, Gaoqiang, Huqin, Tan Opera and Lantern Opera. In the late Qing Dynasty, a new situation of harmonization of the five tunes appeared, making Sichuan Opera It took on a new look, and characteristic repertoire and repertoire of various voices began to take shape. During the subsequent Sichuan Opera Reform Movement, the "Drama Improvement Association" was established, and funds were raised to build performance venues such as the "Yelai Tea Garden (today's site of Jinjiang Theater)" and the "Shu Opera Department". As a result, the "Sanqing Hui" organized by Sichuan Opera artists themselves was established in 1912, and a large number of famous actors such as Kang Zilin, Yang Sulan, Xiao Kaichen, etc. appeared, with more than 300 elites. There are also a large number of famous plays by Zhao Xi's "Love Detective" and Huang Ji'an's "Three True Loyalties" and "Chai Shi Festival". There are more than 700 popular plays.

Since the 20th century, although modern plays created by "Sichuan Opera creators" represented by Liu Huaixu have appeared, the country was in a dark period and Sichuan Opera also began to decline; after the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the influence of the Party and the New With the support of China, Sichuan Opera has begun to rejuvenate its art and has re-entered its "golden age".

Sichuan Opera is a dazzling pearl in the treasure house of Chinese opera. It has a long history and has preserved many excellent traditional plays, rich music and exquisite performing arts. It is a national folk art loved by people in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other southwestern provinces.

In terms of opera tunes, Sichuan Opera is composed of four major tunes: high tune, Kun tune, Huqin tune, and weak tune plus a local folk lantern opera. Except for the lantern opera, these five types were all introduced to Sichuan by troupes from other provinces from the late Ming Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty.

Sichuan Opera is a major feature of Sichuan culture, and Chengdu is the hometown of drama. As early as the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying that "Sichuan Opera is the best in the world". During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, on the basis of the local car lantern opera, it absorbed and blended the local dialects of Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Shaanxi and Gansu to form a Sichuan dialect singing style including Gaoqiang, Huqin, Kunqiang, Lantern Opera and Danxi. "Sichuan Opera". Among them, Sichuan Opera has rich high-pitched tunes, beautiful and moving singing, and the most local characteristics. It is the main singing form of Sichuan Opera.

The accompaniment of Sichuan Opera includes leading, chorus, chorus, accompaniment, and duet singing, etc., which are meaningful and fascinating. The language of Sichuan Opera is lively, humorous, full of distinctive local colors, full of life flavor and has a broad mass base. There are hundreds of repertoires commonly seen on the stage, complete with singing, acting, reading and playing, with humorous witticisms and instrumental music to support the performance. "Face Changing", "Fire Breathing" and "Water Sleeves" are unique, plus the freehand stylized movements are implicit. With endless wonderful flavor... Sichuan Opera is loved by the world and has spread across the world. The famous Sichuan Opera play "The Legend of White Snake: Jinshan Temple" is widely spread at home and abroad.

The five vocal arts of Kunqiang, Gaoqiang, Huqinqiang (Pihuang), Tanxi and Sichuan folk lantern opera that flowed into Sichuan from other provinces were all performed separately in various places in Sichuan. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1736-1795), due to the These five vocal arts were often performed on the same stage, and gradually formed a unique style over time. In the late Qing Dynasty, they were collectively called "Sichuan Opera" and later renamed "Sichuan Opera". Gao, Kun, Hu and Dan Deng each have their own circumstances in the process of integrating into a unified Sichuan Opera.

Kunqiang originated from Jiangsu, flowed into Sichuan, and evolved into "Sichuan-Kunming" with local characteristics.

High-pitched accents play an important role in Sichuan Opera. Originated from Yiyang opera in Jiangxi Province, it flowed into Sichuan in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and was called "Qing opera" between Chu and Shu. On the basis of maintaining the tradition of "one person sings and the others join in harmony, there are also tight and slow rhythms", we also draw a lot of nutrients from Sichuan Yangge, chants, divine songs, and recitals, enriching and developing the "gang, beat, and tempo" styles. The characteristics of "singing" and "singing" are closely combined to form Sichuan Gaoqiang with local characteristics.

Huqin tune, also known as "Si Xianzi", originated from Anhui tune and Han tune, and also absorbed elements of Shaanxi's "Hanzhong Erhuang". It has successively integrated with Sichuan dialect and Sichuan dialect through "making and singing Huqin" and stage performances The combination of gongs and drums in Sichuan Opera has brought about many changes in the tone and music, forming a Huqin tune with Sichuan flavor.

Danxi, also known as Luantan, also known as "covered board" and "Sichuan Bangzi", is named after the use of covered huqin as the main instrument and the use of bangzi to beat the festival. It originated from the Qin Opera in Shaanxi Tongzhou Bangzi. After Qin Opera flowed into Sichuan, it has been closely associated with lantern opera and Gao Opera in northern Sichuan for a long time. They integrated with each other and adopted the Sichuan language, gradually forming a unique style of Sichuan Bangzi - Dan Opera.

As the above-mentioned four foreign vocal arts became popular in Sichuan, they were successively combined with Sichuan pronunciation and people’s appreciation habits, and gradually evolved into the five vocal tunes of Kun, Gao, Hu, Dan and Deng in later Sichuan Opera.

Sichuan Opera is a major feature of Sichuan culture. Chengdu is the hometown of drama. As early as the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying that "Sichuan opera is the best in the world". During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, on the basis of local car lantern opera, it absorbed and blended the local dialects of Su, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Shaanxi and Gansu to form a Sichuan dialect singing style including Gaoqiang, Huqin, Kunqiang, Lantern Opera and Danxi. "Sichuan Opera". Among them, Sichuan Opera has rich high-pitched tunes, beautiful and moving singing, and the most local characteristics. It is the main singing form of Sichuan Opera. The accompaniment of Sichuan Opera includes leading, chorus, chorus, accompaniment, and duet singing, etc., which are meaningful and fascinating. The language of Sichuan Opera is lively, humorous, full of distinctive local colors, full of life flavor and has a broad mass base. There are hundreds of repertoires that are commonly seen on the stage, including singing, acting, reading and playing, with humorous witticisms and instrumental music to support the performance. "Face Changing", "Fire Breathing" and "Water Sleeves" are unique, plus the freehand stylized movements are implicit. Endless delicious flavor... Sichuan Opera is loved by the world and spread across the world. The famous Sichuan Opera play "The Legend of White Snake: Jinshan Temple" is widely spread at home and abroad. Sichuan Opera is popular in Sichuan Province and parts of Yunnan and Guizhou. The five vocal arts of Kunqiang, Gaoqiang, Huqinqiang (Pihuang), Tanxi and Sichuan folk lantern opera that originally flowed in from other provinces were all performed separately in various places in Sichuan. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1736-1795), these five vocal arts were often performed in the same place. The performances in Taiwan gradually formed a unique style over time. In the late Qing Dynasty, they were collectively called "Sichuan Opera" and later renamed "Sichuan Opera".

Gao, Kun, Hu and Dan Deng each have their own circumstances in the process of integrating into a unified Sichuan Opera. Kunqiang originated from Jiangsu, flowed into Sichuan, and evolved into "Sichuan-Kunming" with local characteristics. High-pitched accent plays an important role in Sichuan Opera. Originated from Yiyang Opera in Jiangxi Province, it flowed into Sichuan in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and was called "Qing Opera" between Chu and Shu. On the basis of maintaining the tradition of "one person sings and the others join in harmony, there are also tight and slow rhythms", it also draws a lot of nutrients from Sichuan Yangge, chants, divine songs and recitals

to enrich the and developed the characteristics of a close combination of "helping, playing, and singing", forming Sichuan Gaoqiang with local characteristics. Huqin tune, also known as "Si Xianzi", originated from Anhui tune and Han tune, and also absorbed elements of Shaanxi's "Hanzhong Erhuang". It has been combined with Sichuan dialect and Sichuan opera gongs and drums through "making and singing Huqin" and stage performances. It has undergone many changes in connection with music, forming a Huqin tune with Sichuan flavor.

Danxi, also known as Luantan, is also called "Gaibanzi" or "Sichuan Bangzi". It is named after the use of the covered Huqin as the main instrument and the use of Bangzi to beat the knots. It originated from the Qinqiang Tongzhou Bangzi in Shaanxi. After Qin Opera flowed into Sichuan, it has been closely associated with lantern opera and Gao Opera in northern Sichuan for a long time. They integrated with each other and adopted the Sichuan language, gradually forming a unique style of Sichuan Bangzi - Dan Opera.

As the above-mentioned four foreign vocal arts became popular in Sichuan, they were successively combined with Sichuan pronunciation and people’s appreciation habits, and gradually evolved into the five vocal tunes of Kun, Gao, Hu, Dan and Deng in later Sichuan Opera.

Sichuan Opera has gradually formed some schools due to the popular regions of various tunes and the teacher-teacher relationship between artists. Among these schools, except for Xiangdan Xinghuan (Flower Fairy) School, Chou Xingfu (Sangan) School, Cao (Junchen) School, etc., which are called schools by outstanding artists, they are mainly divided into four schools according to popular regions: First, " The Western Sichuan School, which includes counties in the Wenjiang region centered on Chengdu, mainly plays Huqin, forming a unique "Bei Diao"; the second is the "Ziyang River School", which includes Zigong and Neijiang districts and counties, and mainly uses high-pitched tunes. The artistic style is the most rigorous; the third is the "Northern Sichuan School", including parts of Nanchong and Mianyang, which mainly sings and plays opera, and is influenced by Qin Opera; the fourth is the "Eastern Sichuan School", including the eastern Sichuan area centered on Chongqing , because Chongqing is the commercial center of Sichuan, many foreign operas are performed here. It is characterized by a variety of opera styles and diversified voices.

Sichuan Opera has a wide range of repertoire, and it has long been said that "three thousand in the Tang Dynasty, eight hundred in the Song Dynasty, and countless other countries". Among them, the Gaoqiang part has the richest heritage and the most significant artistic features. The traditional plays include "Five Pao" ("The Story of the Green Pao", "The Story of the Yellow Pao", "The Story of the White Pao", "The Story of the Red Pao", and "The Story of the Green Pao"). 》), "Four Pillars" ("Tiantian Pillar", "Crystal Pillar", "Pao Lao Pillar", "Five Elements Pillar"), and "Eighteen Books of Jianghu", etc., as well as the "Four Main Heads" recognized by the Sichuan Opera circle ("Pipa Chronicles", "Golden Seal", "Red Plum Chronicles", "Tou Notes"), many of which are lost plays of other types of dramas. After 1949, after sorting out, a number of excellent Sichuan Opera repertoires appeared, such as "The Story of the Willow Shade", "The Story of the Hosta", "The Story of the Colorful House", etc.

The performing art of Sichuan Opera has a profound foundation in life and has formed a set of perfect performance routines. The script has high literary value, the performance is realistic and delicate, humorous and interesting, and has a rich flavor of life, which is loved by the masses. Some actors have also created many stunts, such as lifting, opening eyes, changing faces, walking through fire rings, hiding knives, etc. They are good at using stunts to create amazing characters. (Source: "Chinese Yangtze River Culture Series")