Meng Mu, the mother of Mencius (ZH M 65) in the Warring States Period, lost his father at the age of 3 and grew up under his mother's education. He became a great thinker, educator and representative of Confucian school in the Warring States period, and was honored as "Ya Sheng" and called "Confucius and Mencius" with "Most Holy" Confucius.
His mother's persuasive and strict teaching in Mencius' childhood had a far-reaching influence on Mencius' growth, thus leaving behind the story of his godson "Meng Mu moved three times" and "broken machine to teach his son", which was used to choose neighbors in "Saint Amethyst" and "Meng Mu". If you don't learn, you will break the loom. "
At first, Meng Mu chose to live near her husband's mausoleum so that she could visit him every day. But after a long time, Meng Mu found that young Mencius and other children imitated the etiquette of adults in groups, played the funeral process, and learned some knowledge about funeral and crying. Meng Mu thinks that "this is not my place, but my son", which means that such a living environment is not conducive to the growth of children, so he moved his family to the market.
Because there are often literati in the vicinity of Gong Xue, most of them behave gracefully and calmly. This had a subtle influence on Mencius and other residents living nearby. Mencius and some children often gather under the big tree and practice the ceremony of advancing and retreating in the learning palace, which is different from others. Meng Mu lamented, "This is why I am with my son".
There is an old saying in China called "unkempt, involuntarily straight; White sand is nirvana, and it is black. "Meng Mu knows this and understands that the environment has a subtle influence on a person's growth, so he moved three times.
When Mencius came home, Meng Mu quietly picked up a pair of scissors and cut a piece of brocade that he had worked so hard to weave into two pieces. Mencius was amazed, and Meng Mu said, "You quit school like I cut silk! If a gentleman learns to be excellent, he will be an official. If he asks and knows widely, he will be born flat and move far away. "
"If you don't study today, you can't do without disaster. You will only do some trivial things in the future. If you don't do it, how can you dress your host and not lack food? " Meng Mu used "broken weaving" to warn "dropping out of school" and pointed out the consequences of doing things by halves. Mencius woke up, worked tirelessly from then on, studied day and night, and finally became a "saint."
Tao Mu was the mother of Tao Kan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Tao Kan, a great star, made great contributions to the stable and turbulent political situation in the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Tao Mu made a living by spinning, raised Tao Kan and provided education for Tao Kan. Zhan's tutor is very strict. She taught Tao Kan to cherish time and read widely, and set up an ambition to make contributions in her heart. She also edifies her son with loyalty and diligence as virtues.
In addition, there is an allusion to "breaking off customers". According to "Biography of Women in the Book of Jin", on a snowy day, Poyang Xiaolian Fan Kui stayed at Tao Kan's house, but the Tao family was poor and could not entertain guests. Tao Mu took out the sleeping mat, smashed it himself and fed it to Fan Kui's horse. He secretly cut his hair, sold it to fellow villagers, and bought food to entertain guests.
After learning about this, Fan Kui sighed: "It's not such a mother, you can't have such an excellent son!" Tao Mu sells hair and dishes to entertain guests, which shows that Tao Kan should make good friends and treat others sincerely.
Tao Kan is a lonely child with a poor family. Tao Mu also lost her husband in his early years. She bears hardships and stands hard work, making a living by spinning hemp and weaving, and subsidizing Tao Kan to study.
As a godson, Tao Mu has been educating his son. To make friends, she must make friends with people who are more proficient and educated than herself.
Tao Mu also has a widely circulated story: "Closing the altar and returning the fish".
Tao Kan used to be a county magistrate in Haiyang, Zhejiang Province, supervising the fishing industry, and often had subordinates give him things.
Once, a subordinate sent a jar of fish (pickled fish) to Tao Kan. Filial Tao Kan immediately thought of her loving mother who had lived in the countryside all her life, and asked the villagers to bring it to her mother.
Who knows, my mother returned the fish and the fish intact, and wrote in the letter: "I am an official. Leaving me the official's things will not only benefit me, but will increase my troubles."
When Tao Kan received his mother's letter, he was shocked and even more guilty. He made up his mind to follow his mother's teaching all his life: to be innocent and honest.
Tao Mu's personality and ideological spirit have a profound influence on Tao Kan. Tao Kan joined the army for more than 30 years, pacified wars many times, and made great contributions to stabilizing the Eastern Jin regime. He is diligent in official business and doesn't like drinking and gambling, which is praised by people. Jingzhou under his rule is known in history as "the road does not pick up the remains"; He "likes to write, and his style is flowing", and he has two volumes of collected works.
Later generations praised: "If the mother of the world is like Zhan Neng to teach her children, why is there a shortage of talents in the country?" And ignore the use of evil in the world? "
Mother-in-law is the mother of Yue Fei, a famous Northern Song Dynasty star.
When Yue Fei was fifteen or sixteen years old, the Jin people from the north invaded the south, and those in power in the Song Dynasty were corrupt and incompetent, and the country was at a critical juncture.
King Kang of Song succeeded to the throne in Jinling, and the imperial court issued an imperial edict inviting Yue Fei to Beijing to take up his post, and led his troops to seek revenge for rejuvenating the country. Yue Fei received the imperial edict and immediately packed his bags. Mother-in-law reminds children not to forget "loyalty to the country". Yue Fei said goodbye to his mother, and then rode to Beijing. Since then, Yue Fei has led the troops to defeat the nomads from several times, trying to restore the Central Plains. Unexpectedly, Qin Gui, the prime minister of the imperial court, had an affair with Xu Jin and framed Zhongliang.
They tricked Yue Fei into Beijing, falsely accused him of rebellion and sent him to prison. During the trial, Yue Fei took off his coat, revealing four impressive Chinese characters of "serving the country faithfully" on his back. He stood in awe and rushed to the bullfight. But evil was rampant for some time, and Yue Fei was finally killed in Fengbo Pavilion. However, the story of mother-in-law training her son to serve the country and the reputation of national hero Yue Fei have been passed down through the ages.
Ou Mu was the mother of Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ouyang Xiu was an outstanding politician, writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, but his achievements could not be separated from his mother's vigorous education.
Ou Mu is also a single mother. Her husband died when his son was four years old, leaving her alone to pull him up.
In ancient times, there was the godson of Oumu painting, but now there is the godson of the mother of Professor Bian, a late expert in literature and history at Nantah. Two months after Bian was born, his father died of illness and was raised by his mother. I want my son to study, but I can't afford to go to a private school. After work, I go to school or next door to learn to write a few words from my husband every day, and then I will teach Bian Xiaoxuan when I come back, so that I can learn to read.
Over time, in a few years, I, an illiterate mother, learned two or three thousand words with my son. There is a sentence in Liu Yazi's poem "Teach your son to learn first, that is, learn and pass it on". This is a sincere wish, it is better to close a room for spring. "
Zheng also often used his father's official virtue to warn Ouyang Xiu that he must be honest and helpful. In his official career, Ouyang Xiu actively supported Fan Zhongyan in upholding the new law and was later demoted. But Oumu did not complain about his son's poor career, but comforted him.
These are the four great wives and mothers in the history of China. They are all ordinary and great mothers. Their deeds of cultivating their son into a pillar of the country should be an example for everyone to learn.