Wang Xizhi (303-361[1]), courtesy name Yishao and Danzhai, was originally from Linyi, Langya (now Shandong) and later moved to Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He was a calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in China. , known as the sage of calligraphy. He was a noble member of the Wang clan who moved south to Langya. He later became a general of the Right Army and was known as Wang Youjun. He studied under Mrs. Wei and Zhong Yao. He is the author of "Preface to the Lanting Collection".

Table of contents [hide]

1 Calligraphy

1.1 List of existing works (including engravings and copies)

1.2 Comments from the past dynasties

2 Anecdotes

3 Family

3.1 Descendants

4 Notes

[edit] Calligraphy grandfather Wang Zhengwei Shangshu Lang. His father, Wang Kuang, was the governor of Huainan. When Wang Xizhi was seven years old, he learned calligraphy from the calligrapher Wei Shuo [2]. When Yu Yi saw people competing to imitate Wang Xizhi's calligraphy in Jingzhou, he disapproved and said: "Children are cheap chickens who love wild ducks. They all learn from (Wang) Yi Shao The book must be returned by me, so I should compare it."

It is said that there is a small pool near Wang Xizhi's residence. After Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy, he would wash his brushes here and practice calligraphy every day. Over time, the water in the pool turned black and could be directly used. For dipping and filling with ink. When Wang Xizhi was serving as the governor of Yongjia County in Wenzhou, he wrote ink at the Mochifang in what is now Wenzhou, so there was an inkchi in front of the city hall in the old Lucheng District of Wenzhou. [3]

After Wang Xizhi crossed to the south, he was fond of landscapes and friends. "At that time, people saw Wang Xizhi's right army, floating like clouds, and as powerful as a startling dragon." On March 3, the ninth year of Yonghe (353), he and Sun Chuo, Xu Xun, Xie Shang, Zhi Dun and others gathered at the Orchid Pavilion in Shanyin for a banquet. Two years after the "Preface to the Lanting Collection" was written, because he was not reused by the imperial court, he "reported illness and went to the county"[4]. Zhonglao Jinting, Shengxian County[5]. Xu Xun learned that the Wang family lived in seclusion in Jinting, so he came from Xiaoshan to be their neighbor[6]. He was buried in Jido Temple, Xiaojia Township.

Xizhi’s calligraphy practice transformed into Zhangcao, Bafenjincao, running script and regular script that were popular at the time. It was a peak that rose from the ground during the period of calligraphy style transformation. His calligraphy rulers and tablets are scattered among famous works such as Tang Lin's Zhufa Tie, Shiqi Tie, Japan's Sangluan, and Kong Shizhong. His son Wang Xianzhi is also a calligrapher. Xizhi once tutored Xie An of the Xie family in Chen County, and Xie An's calligraphy also became a standard.

[edit] List of extant works (including engravings and facsimiles)

Quick Snow Shiqing Tie

When Erxie Tie was written by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Xizhi’s calligraphy had 3,000 There are many volumes, but by the time of Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty, there were only more than 160 pieces. Today, there are only 20 copies of Wang Xizhi surviving in the world.

Quick Snow and Clear Tie (copied in the Tang Dynasty, together with the Mid-Autumn Tie and Boyuan Tie, collectively known as the "Sanxi", collected by the National Palace Museum, Taipei)

Lanting Preface (known as "The best running script in the world" (the manuscript of Yan Zhenqing's memorial to his nephew is the "second", Su Shi's Huangzhou cold food poems is the "third"), Shenlong edition, hidden in the Palace Museum, Beijing)

Huang Ting Jing (also known as "Changing Goose Tie", Song rubbings are collected in the Palace Museum, Beijing)

Ping'an Tie, He Ru Tie, Fengju Tie (Collected by the National Palace Museum, Taipei)

Le Yi On (Liang rubbings)

Sangluan, Erxie, Deshi Tie (Tang facsimile, Japanese Imperial Collection)

Youxuan Tie

Hanqie Tie (also Hanqie Tie) Named "Twenty-seven Tie"/"Thank Sima Tie", hidden in Tianjin Museum)

Confucius Shizhong Tie and Frequent Misfortune Tie (the two are connected into one paper, hidden in Maeda Idekai, Japan)< /p>

Yuanhuan Tie (also known as "Province Farewell Tie", one of the seventeen letters, hidden in the National Palace Museum)

Auntie Tie ("Long Live Tongtian Tie" from Tang Dynasty) One, collected in the Liaoning Provincial Museum)

Chuyue Tie ("Long Live Tongtian Tie, a copy of the Tang Dynasty", the other two, collected in the Liaoning Provincial Museum)

Xing Rang Tie (collected in the United States Princeton University Art Museum)

July Duxia Tie (Tang facsimile, collected by the National Palace Museum, Taipei)

Shangyu Tie (Tang facsimile collected by the Shanghai Museum)

Youmu Tie (hidden in Japan, destroyed by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima during World War II)

Daodao Tie (also known as "One Stroke Book", hidden in the National Palace Museum, Taipei)

His calligraphy post

Meizhi post (Tang facsimile, kept privately in Japan)

Praise to Dongfang Shuo (Tang dynasty, kept in the National Palace Museum, Taipei)

Stele of Dutiful Daughter Cao E

Broken Stele of Xingfu Temple

Chunhua Pavilion Tie (constellation of Tie, after double-hook tracing, carved on stone or wood tablets, and then rubbing and binding) post.

There are 10 volumes, and the 6th, 7th, and 8th are written by Wang Xizhi. There are more than 160 posts. Hidden in the Shanghai Museum)

Qingtingtang Tie (Ji Tie, re-engraved with Wang Xizhi's calligraphy)

The Preface to the Holy Teachings of the Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty (collected by Huairen, a monk of the Tang Dynasty) Wang Xi's calligraphy)

"Preface to Orchid Pavilion" in running script[edit] Comments from the past dynasties Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty Xiao Yan commented on his book and said: "Wang Xi's calligraphy is majestic, like a dragon jumping over the gate of heaven, or a tiger crouching on the phoenix tower."[ 7]

Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, praised: "After carefully studying the ancient and modern times, he studied the seal scripts carefully, and found them to be perfect. Only Wang Yi is less beautiful! Look at his point-and-draft work, how wonderful the cutting is, and the smoke and dew. , strong as if broken but still connected; phoenixes and dragons, like diagonal but straight. If you play with it, you will not feel tired. If you look at it, you will not know the end. This is just this person, and the rest are nothing. "Only!" [8]

Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty wrote a poem "Wang Youjun": "Youjun is originally pure, and he is free from the dust of the world. Traveling in the mountains, I love this good guest. Su Su wrote a sutra. , The writing is exquisite and captivating. After leaving the cage, the owner never left."

[edit] Anecdotes

The story of Youjun's fan painting in the corridor of the Summer Palace

< p>Xizhi Loves Goose Painting in the Corridor of the Summer Palace Xi Jian sent his disciples to the palace to select a son-in-law. All the disciples in the palace deliberately remained reserved, except Wang Xizhi, who was lying on the east bed with his belly exposed. Xi Jian thought that he was a suitable candidate and decided to marry his daughter Xi Jun to him. [9] Therefore, the son-in-law is called "Dong Bed", so "Dong Bed is open-minded" or "Dong Bed is quick to have a son-in-law" become synonymous with praising a daughter-in-law for marrying into a good home.

Wang Xizhi was obsessed with geese[10]. Legend has it that he liked to observe the movements of goose paws when swimming in the water and learn from them to improve his calligraphy wrist skills[11]. There was a Taoist priest in Shanyin who hoped that Wang Xizhi could copy a copy of "Huang Ting Jing" for him, but he did not dare to propose it rashly. He carefully raised white geese, gave them to him as gifts, and made a request to write scriptures. Wang Xizhi agreed and copied a copy of "Huang Ting Jing" as a gift to him. Later, this "Huang Ting Jing" was called the second official book of Youjun, and also called "Huang Ge Tie". The Song rubbing of this post is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. Li Bai's poem "The flowing water of Jinghu Lake is full of clear waves, and many crazy tourists return to their boats to enjoy themselves. When the Shanyin people meet each other, they should write about Huangting exchanging white geese." [12].

[edit] Wang Xizhi, the "quick son-in-law of the east bed", married Xi Jun, the daughter of Xi Jian, and he and his wife had seven sons. "Book of Jin. Biography of Wang Xizhi" states: "There were seven sons, five of whom were famous. ".

The eldest son Wang Xuanzhi died early.

The second son Wang Ningzhi, named Shuping, and his wife Xie Daoyun.

The third son, Wang Huanzhi, had an ominous birth and death.

The fourth son, Wang Suzhi, was named Yougong.

The fifth son, Wang Huizhi, had the courtesy name Ziyou.

The sixth son, Wang Caozhi, whose courtesy name was Zizhong, once served as the Shizhong, Shangshu, and Grand Administrator of Yuzhang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

The seventh son, Wang Xianzhi, also known as Zijing, was known as the "Little Sage", and together with Wang Xizhi, he was known as the "Two Kings".

[edit] The seventh descendant of the descendants is the Buddhist master Zhiyong (originally surnamed Wang, named Faji).