Herdsmen drive calves back, hunting horses return with poultry. ——Tang Dynasty·Wang Ji's "Ambition" The herdsmen drive the calves back, and the hunting horses return with the birds. Looking at the dusk in Donggao, where can I rely on?
The trees are all in autumn colors, and the mountains are only covered with sunset.
Herdsmen drive calves back, hunting horses return with poultry.
We care about each other but have no acquaintance, and sing long songs to cherish the beauty. Ancient Chinese Poetry, Autumn, Scenery and Lyrical Translation and Annotations
Translation
Standing in Donggao in the evening and looking far into the distance, I am wandering, not knowing where to turn,
The woods are all dyed with autumn colors, and the mountains are covered with the afterglow of the setting sun.
The shepherd drove the cattle back home, and the hunter passed me with his prey.
Everyone was silent and didn’t know each other. I screamed and sang and really wanted to live in seclusion in the mountains! Appreciation
This poem is about the autumn scenery of the mountains and fields. The whole poem reveals the loneliness and depression in the description of the bleak and quiet scenery, and expresses the feelings of melancholy and loneliness. "Looking at the dusk in Donggao, where can I rely on when I move?" Gao is a place by the water. Donggao refers to a place in Longmen, Jiangzhou, his hometown. After he retired to seclusion, he often traveled to Beishan and Donggao, calling himself "Donggaozi". "Yiyi" means wandering. "Where can I rely on?" is adapted from Cao Cao's "Dan Ge Xing", which means "the moon and stars are sparse, the black magpie flies south, and it circles the tree three times, and there is no branch to rely on", expressing the bored and hesitant mood.
The following four sentences describe the scenery seen in the dusk: "The trees are all in autumn colors, and the mountains are only covered with sunset. The herdsmen drive their calves back, and the hunting horses and birds return." Looking around, there is autumn color everywhere. It looked increasingly bleak in the afterglow of the setting sun. Against this quiet background, close-ups of the shepherd and hunting horses bring a pastoral pastoral atmosphere to life, making the entire picture come alive. These four poems are like an autumn evening picture of a mountain home, with light and color, distant view and close-up view, static and dynamic, all perfectly matched.
However, Wang Ji could not find solace in the countryside like Tao Yuanming, so he finally said: "We look at each other without knowing each other, and we sing and pick flowers for a long time." He said that he was lonely and helpless in reality, so he had no choice but to reminisce about ancient times. The hermit made friends with people like Boyi and Shuqi.
People who are familiar with Tang poetry may not think this poem has any special benefits. However, if you follow the sequence of poetry history, starting from the Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, and suddenly read "Ambition", you will be applauded for its simplicity. Most of the poetry styles of the Southern Dynasties are luxurious and gorgeous, like a jeweled lady wrapped in silk and satin. Walking out of the crowd of ladies, you suddenly meet a village girl in a Jingchai sarong. Her simple beauty without makeup will produce a special charm. Wang Ji's "Ambition" has such a simple benefit.
Appreciation
This is a five-character poem describing the mountain scenery in autumn. The poetic style is simple and natural, showing the poet's depressed mood of "no acquaintance with each other" in the plainness, which is very different from the gorgeous and flamboyant literary style since Qi and Liang Dynasties. The whole poem washes away the lead and breathes a fresh breath into the poetry garden of the early Tang Dynasty. It is one of Wang Ji's representative works.
"Looking at the dusk in Donggao, where can I rely on?" The first two sentences mainly express emotion. "Donggao" generally refers to the waterside highlands near Longmen, Jiangzhou, Wang Ji's hometown. Borrowing from Tao Yuanming's poem "Go to Donggao to soothe the whistle" in Tao Yuanming's poem on his return, it implies that the poet tried to cultivate Donggao after he retired to seclusion. Therefore, he named himself "Dong Gaozi". "Yiyi" means wandering. "Where can I rely on?" is an adaptation of Cao Cao's poem "Dan Ge Xing", "Three turns around the tree, what branch can I rely on". These two lines of poems are narrated in an ordinary way. First, in the thin twilight, the poet stood on Donggao and looked around. An incomprehensible loneliness and helpless sadness surged into his heart, making him unable to calm down. Coming down, viewing the scenery in this way will naturally give it a layer of psychological imbalance, and provide a clever foundation for the description of the scene in the middle four sentences.
"The trees are all in autumn colors, and the mountains are only covered with sunset."
This is the poet's rough-line description of the landscape in front of him, focusing on the transparency of colors. The layers of woods have been dyed with bleak golden autumn colors, and the undulating mountains can only see the afterglow of the setting sun. This is such a peaceful, open and beautiful picture. Even in the faint dusk, people can still feel the strong reflection of the light and color of the autumn forest and sunset in the mountains and fields. Then, the poet's writing turned to dynamic narrative: "The shepherds drove the calves back. The hunting horses brought the birds back." He focused on depicting the vivid scenes of reintroductions in the mountains and fields that he could see, injecting a beating spirit into the entire quiet picture. Passionate and cheerful. The several verbs in the sentence are "drive", "return", "bring" and "return". Use it naturally and alertly. This kind of dynamic description increasingly brings out the tranquility of the autumn evening scene. In the still and moving description, the poet interweaves the mountains, trees, calves and hunting horses into a wonderful artistic picture. The harmony of light and color, the combination of distant views and close-up views, all appear so natural and harmonious that one cannot help but have some kind of reverie, and even forget one's feelings in the comfortable and leisurely fields.
However, Wang Ji, who was immersed in the scene, felt far from the spiritual comfort that the pastoral poet had. Instead, he felt a certain feeling of loss, loneliness and helplessness. "Looking at each other without acquaintance, singing long songs and cherishing the flowers." These last two sentences completely express the poet's inner depression and loss. Since he can't find friends who know each other in reality, he has no choice but to pursue reclusive people like Huai Boyi and Shu Qi who don't eat Zhousu and go up the mountain to cultivate Wei. Someone commented: "After reading the chapter "Ambition", I know that the noble mind is aloof and hidden. Through the ages, we have our own confidants." ((Abridged and supplemented by Shihuitong Pinglin in Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty)) I understand the main idea of ??this poem . Creation background After Wang Ji entered the Tang Dynasty, he served as secretary to the imperial edict and returned to his hometown. Soon after, he resigned and returned to his hometown. At the time of Hejin), Wang Ji (approximately 590-644), whose courtesy name was Wu Gong, was born in Longmen, Jiangzhou (now Hejin, Shanxi). He was granted the title of Liuhe Cheng of Yangzhou. During the reign of Emperor Wude of the Tang Dynasty, he returned to his hometown. In the early days of Zhenguan, he returned to Hezhu due to illness and worked in Donggao. He named himself "Donggaozi". ". He is simple and arrogant by nature, addicted to alcohol, and can drink five buckets. He wrote "The Biography of Mr. Five Bucks" by himself, and wrote "Jiu Jing" and "Wine Book". His poems are close but not shallow, quality but not vulgar, sincere and straightforward, and open-minded. Huai Gaozhi directly followed Gao Feng in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Rhythmic style originated in the Six Dynasties and took shape in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Wang Ji's grass is soft and the sandy road is light, and the horses' hooves are light. The clouds and sand surround the dream. The horses are crouched in agony, and the caged birds are wandering away. The horses of the Han Dynasty are out of the bushes, and the alfalfa and pomegranates are all over the countryside. They are fighting to death. The wind blows through the scars of the sword, and the water in the cave is even colder. The drunken sleeves are exposed to the wind, and the eagle's eyes are weak. Where is the snow on the Qinling Mountains? The horse is not moving forward. The horse has a golden saddle and a white jade saddle. The long whip is wandering in the wild. The saddle shines on the white horse, rustling like a shooting star. The iron horse and the red flag are sent to the border town in the cold sun.