1. An ancient article about frankness between friends

Respond with the same voice and follow the same path. "Ode to Fireflies" by King Luo Bin

We are all brothers everywhere, no one is a traveler. "Four Farewell Poems" by Anonymous, Han Dynasty

There are close friends in the sea, and they are like neighbors across the world. Wang Bo's "Du Shaofu's Appointment in Shuzhou"

Making friends depends on acquaintance, why should flesh and blood be intimate? "Konghou Ballad" by Han Dynasty Yuefu

The turtle cries and the turtle responds; the fox dies when the rabbit dies. Mingtian Yiheng's "Jade Laughter Zero Sound"

The seats are always full of passengers, and the bottles of wine are never empty. Kong Rong's "Poetry"

Don't damage the roots when picking sunflowers. If the roots are damaged, the sunflowers will not grow. Don't be shy about being poor when making friends. Being shy about the poor will make you a poor friend. "Ancient Poems" by Anonymous Han Dynasty

Turning your hands to make clouds and covering your hands with rain, there is no need to count them all. Don't you see, if you pay attention to Bao when he is poor, this way is abandoned by today's people like dirt. ——Du Fu's "Poverty Friendship"

Traveling thousands of miles away, you will meet friends on the middle road. Without saying anything, my heart is drunk and I won't take another glass of wine.

During the ten-day holiday, there are many friends and friends; ——Wang Bo's "Farewell Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion in Hong Mansion in Autumn"

There are no young or old in a friendship in life. When it comes to friendship, one must first be in harmony. - Du Fu's "Returning on Foot"

The birds in Chaimen are noisy, and the returning guests have arrived thousands of miles away. ——Du Fu's "Three Poems on Qiang Village"

We often make friends with our writings, and we only call ourselves neighbors based on virtue. ——Tang Zuyong "The Qingming Banquet of Si Xun Liu Langzhong's Farewell Industry"

There are many wild geese in the sky, and there are enough carps in the pond; I have seen each other half a hundred times, and I have not sent a single line of writing. ——Du Fu's "Message to Zhan on the Thirty-Fifth Year of High School"

We have never known each other, but we will remember each other again. ——Bai Juyi's "Two Poems on Tang Qu"

The bright moon is the same as the three-path night, and the green poplars are suitable for spring for two families. ——Bai Juyi "If you want to predict your neighbors with Yuan Ba, you must first give him a gift"

A gentleman avoids sexual relations, and choosing friends is like seeking a teacher. Jia Dao's "Send Off Shen Xiucai on His Return to the East"

Friendships are always made in life, and should not be separated by ups and downs. ——He Lan Jinming's "Five Poems on a Difficult Journey"

People in the world need gold to make friends. Without more gold, friendship will not be deep. ——Zhang Wei's "Inscription on the Master of the Wall in Chang'an"

There are few acquaintances in the world, and there are many guests in the door. ——Du Fu's "Two Poems from Yici Thatched Cottage to Dongtun Thatched Cottage"

The face is knotted and the mouth is broken, and the belly is filled with thorns. ——Meng Jiao's "Choosing Friends"

Yesterday the house was very popular, but today there is a lot of excitement outside the door. ——Bai Juyi's "Five Poems in Dialect"

There are thousands of fair-weather brothers, but no one is in trouble. ——Feng Menglong

There are many acquaintances in the world, and there are only a few people who know each other well. ——Feng Menglong

Life should be a dignified life, and every day is a commoner. Whoever is willing to live in the Taiwan Pavilion can still read Cao Mao. ——Lu Ciyun's "Zhigan"

I didn't ask until it was over. I saw that we were old friends. ——Wu Weiye, "Meeting Old Friends"

Have fun today, don't forget each other after we say goodbye. ——Cao Zhi's "Song of Resentment"

If you have nothing in the south of the Yangtze River, just give me a spring branch. ——Lu Kai's "Gift to Fan Ye"

Why should we know each other old? Foreword - Tao Yuanming's "Answer to Pang Master Book"

See the autumn grass at sunset, and meet old friends in your old age. ——Li Duan "Happy Meeting with Sikong Civilization on the River"

There are no travelers on the ancient road, but you can only see you in the cold mountains. ——Liu Changqing's "Visit of the Emperor's Royal Family at Bijian Villa"

A young man enjoys new knowledge, but in his twilight years, he misses his old friends. ——Han Yu

The liver and gallbladder are one ancient sword, and the waves are two duckweeds. ——Han Yu

We are both fallen people at the end of the world, so why should we meet before? ——Bai Juyi

Thinking about ten years in one night, some people are strong and some are weak. ——Yuan Zhen's "Twelve Quatrains on Returning to the West"

I advise you to drink another glass of wine. There will be no old friends when you leave Yangguan in the west. (Wang Wei: "The Second Envoy of the Yuan Dynasty to Anxi")

The cold rain came to Wu at night, and I saw off the guests in Chushangu in the morning. (Wang Changling: "Farewell to Xin Jian at the Furong Tower")

Don't worry, there are no friends in the future, and no one in the world knows you.

(Gao Shi: "Farewell to Dong Da")

The three thousand feet of water in Peach Blossom Pond is not as good as Wang Lun's gift to me. (Li Bai: "To Wang Lun")

The shadow of the lone sail in the distance is gone in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River can be seen flowing in the sky. (Li Bai: "Send Meng Haoran to Guangling") 2. Translation of the ancient text at the beginning of Wang Dao

Wang Dao, courtesy name Maohong, is the grandson of Guanglu doctor Wang Lan. His father's name is Wang Cai, and he was the Sima of the Zhenjun Army. Director Wang was graceful and farsighted when he was young. When he was fourteen years old, Zhang Gong, a famous scholar in Chenliu, was very surprised to see him. He said to his cousin Wang Dun: "Looking at this child's appearance and ambition, he is destined to be a general and prime minister." Talent." At first, Director Wang inherited the title of his ancestors. Soon Sikong Liu Yan recommended him to serve as the Dongge Jijiu, and he was promoted to Secretary Lang, Prince Sheren, and Shangshu Lang, but he did not take up the post. Then he joined the army as Sima Yue, King of the East China Sea. At that time, Emperor Jin Yuan was still the King of Langya, and he had always been close and friendly with Director Wang. Seeing that the world was in chaos, Director Wang fully supported him (King Langya) and secretly made up his mind to revive (the Jin Dynasty). Emperor Jin Yuan also thought highly of him and had great interests. They are like close friends. When Emperor Yuan was in Luoyang, Director Wang often persuaded him to go to his own kingdom. When Emperor Yuan left the town of Xiapi, he asked Director Wang to be Anton's Sima. Director Wang actively planned all military and national plans. When he left the town of Jiankang, the Wu people were not attached to each other. After more than a month, there were still no scholars or people to visit him. Director Wang was deeply worried about this. When Wang Dun came to see him, Director Wang said to him: "Although King Langya is benevolent, Although the reputation is heavy, the reputation is still light. My brother has already become famous here, so he should find a way to help the current situation. "On the Shangsi Festival in March, Emperor Yuan went to watch the Wan Festival ceremony in person, riding on a shoulder cart all the way, with all the majesty. Wang Dun, Director Wang and other famous ministers and generals also rode on horseback to escort him. Ji Zhan and Gu Rong from Wu were both very famous people in the Jiangnan area. They went to watch in private. When they saw this scene, they were all very surprised, so they went together Wang Dao then offered his advice to Emperor Yuan and said: "In ancient times, those who were able to rule the world would not be disrespectful to the old and wise, inquire about the local customs, and be open-minded and frank in order to attract the world's heroes. What's more, the world is in chaos now. The country is divided, and our great cause of nation-building is still in its infancy. The top priority is to win the hearts and minds of the people! Gu Rong and He Xun are the local leaders of the Tu tribe. It is better to attract them to win the hearts of the people. Once they come, others will not. He couldn't come. "The Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty then sent Wang Dao to personally visit He Xun and Gu Rong. They were also ordered to come to see the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, Wuhui was influenced by them and the people's hearts were attached to them. From then on, various places worshiped He Xun and Gu Rong one after another. Emperor Yuan began to have the etiquette of kings and ministers. 3. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete the questions at the end of the text. Song Lian, whose courtesy name is Jing Lian

Question 1: Question C 2: Question A 3: Question A 4: ⑴ (The emperor) asked Song Lian, Song Lian replied: "He is just loyal to Your Majesty. Your Majesty is openly speaking out, how can you rebuke him?" (2) The courtiers were called in to rebuke him, so he shouted Song Lian's name and said: "(If) there is no Jing Lian, (I) ) almost mistakenly blamed the person who gave the advice. ”

Question 1: Adopt Question 2: The first sentence of item B is the emperor’s praise of Song Lian. The second sentence of item C expresses the queen’s and the prince’s love for Song Lian. The first sentence of Item D of Song Lian's respect is to show Song Lian's filial piety. Question 3: Song Lian's eldest grandson Song Shen was convicted because of Hu Weiyong's party. It was not Song Lian. Question 4: ⑴ (Points: yes - answer; ear - tone Ci, that's all; Fang - upright, right; evil - wū, how; the whole sentence is fluent, 1 point) ⑵ (Points for selection: Xi - all, all; Heidi - reprimand, question; Wei - if there is no ; Sin - verb, punishment, blame; the whole sentence is fluent 1 point) Reference translation: Song Lian, courtesy name Jing Lian. When he was a child, he was smart, had a strong memory, and was proficient in the Five Classics.

During the Yuanzhi period, he was recommended and the imperial court awarded him the post of editor of the Hanlin Academy. Because his parents were old, he declined the post and went to Longmen Mountain to write books. More than ten years later, Ming Taizu captured Wuzhou and summoned Song Lian.

In March of the next year, recommended by Li Shanchang, he was recruited to Yingtian together with Liu Ji, Zhang Yi, and Ye Chen. He was appointed as a Confucian scholar in Jiangnan and ordered to teach the prince. Soon he adapted the daily notes. . Song Lian was one year older than Liu Ji. They were both appointed in the southeast and had great reputations.

Liu Jixiong was bold and bold and had a spirit that was different from ordinary people, while Song Lian himself considered himself a Confucian.

In the second year of Hongwu, the emperor issued an edict to revise the history of the Yuan Dynasty. In August of this year, the history was written, and (Song Lian) was awarded the title of bachelor of the Hanlin Academy.

At this time, the emperor paid attention to civil affairs and recruited dozens of Confucian scholars Zhang Wei and others from all over the world. He selected the young and talented ones among them, promoted them to editors, and ordered them to enter the Wenhua Palace in the palace. They studied in Tang Dynasty and ordered Song Lian to be their teacher. Song Lian served as the prince's teacher for more than ten years. He would tactfully advise the prince on every word and deed according to etiquette and law, so that he could return to the right path. When it came to matters related to political education and the rise and fall of the previous dynasty, he would definitely say: "It should be like this." It shouldn’t be like that.”

The Crown Prince is always serious and receptive, and always speaks as the teacher says. Song Lian has a frank and cautious character. He has been an official in the inner court for a long time and has never attacked or exposed the shortcomings of others.

His room is named "Wen Shu". When a guest asked about things in the palace, Song Lian pointed at the guest (expressing that he did not want to talk about it).

Song Lian once drank with a guest, and the emperor secretly sent someone to investigate. The next day, the emperor asked Song Lian if he drank yesterday. Who is the visitor? What is the meal? Song Lian answered everything with facts.

The emperor smiled and said, "That's true. You didn't deceive me." The emperor occasionally asked about the quality of ministers, and Song Lian only mentioned those good ministers.

The emperor asked him why, and Song Lian replied: "The good ministers make friends with me, so I understand them; the bad ministers (I don't associate with them, so) cannot understand them." Ru Taisu wrote a memorial of more than 10,000 words.

The emperor was furious and asked the court officials. Someone pointed to Ru Taisu's memorial and said: "There is no respect here, and the criticism here is illegal."

(The emperor) asked Song Lian, and Song Lian replied: "He is just loyal to your majesty. Your majesty is opening up the road of speech. How can we rebuke (him)?" Soon after the emperor read Ru Taisu's memorial, there was something worth adopting. The courtiers were summoned to rebuke him, so he called Song Lian by name and said: "(If) there was no Jing Lian, (I) would almost mistakenly blame the person who came to remonstrate."

So the emperor praised him in the court and said : "I heard that the highest is the saint, the next is the wise, and the third is the gentleman. Song Jinglian has served me for nineteen years, and he has never said an untrue word or ridiculed a person's shortcomings. He has always been the same. He is not only a gentleman, but also a gentleman. "He is called a sage."

Every time the emperor summons him in his spare time, he must set up a table and order tea. Every morning (if he is summoned), he must let him accompany him to dinner and communicate with Song Lian. , consulted with him, often only stopped in the middle of the night. Song Lian was not good at drinking. The emperor once forced him to drink three drinks, but Song Lian was so drunk that he couldn't get any better.

The emperor was very happy and wrote a chapter of "The Songs of Chu" himself, and also ordered the poet to compose a "Poetry of Drunken Scholars". He also prepared nectar in hot water, poured it for Song Lian to drink with his own hands, and said, "This can cure diseases and prolong life. I hope I can enjoy it with you, my beloved."

He also issued an edict to the prince to give it to Song Lian. He also wrote a song "Song of the White Horse" for Song Lian and ordered his courtiers to sing it. The emperor's favor towards Song Lian was like this.

In the ninth year of Hongwu's reign, he was granted the title of Bachelor and was ordered to be in charge of proclamations and edicts, as well as to praise good deeds. The next year he resigned from office. The emperor rewarded Song Lian with the "Imperial Collection of Works" and silk. He asked how old Song Lian was. Song Lian replied: "Sixty-eight years old."

The emperor said: "Take these silks." After collecting the silk for thirty-two years, it can be used as clothes for his 100th birthday." Song Lian kowtowed and thanked him.

Another year passed and I came to see the emperor. In the thirteenth year of Hongwu's reign, Song Lian's eldest grandson Song Shen was convicted of forming a party with Hu Weiyong (implicating Song Lian), and the emperor wanted to execute Song Lian.

The queen and the prince tried their best to save Song Lian and resettled him in Maozhou. The next year after this incident, Song Lian died in Kuizhou at the age of seventy-two.

In the ninth year of Hongzhi, (the imperial court ordered) he was restored to his official position, and memorials were held at his cemetery in spring and autumn. During the Zhengde period, he was given the posthumous title Wenxian.