If it is a girl, tell the girl how to correctly understand puberty in girls, not boys

If it is a boy, tell the boy how to correctly understand boy in puberty. Understand the experience of adolescence, don’t talk about girls

If you are the father of a child, educate boys to correctly understand the experience of adolescence

If you are the mother of a child, educate girls Children’s experience in correctly understanding adolescence

Adolescent health care

Adolescent health care refers to the nursing and health knowledge during the transition period from youth to adulthood. It can also be said to refer to the period from menarche to the maturity of sexual organs, including physical and psychological changes. Generally, the body grows rapidly during this period, and the central system and hypothalamus also develop and mature rapidly. The female ovaries begin to develop, ovulate, and produce estrogen. Menstrual cramps. The male testicles develop and produce androgens and sperm. Characteristics begin to appear, such as armpit hair and pubic hair, female breasts begin to develop, and male Adam's apple appears. During adolescence there are not only rapid changes in the secondary characteristics of the body, but also great progress in the mental state.

Health care purposes

First, to promptly discover cognitive deficiencies that affect health, guide teenagers to form correct cognitions, and understand their own physical growth and development status and social and psychological development status. and sexual and psychological development, forming healthy beliefs and lifestyles.

Second, be able to detect physical, emotional and behavioral problems through various examinations, intervene in a timely manner, and eliminate dangerous behaviors that endanger health.

Third, strengthen and encourage healthy eating habits and health awareness.

Fourth, have a clear understanding of immunization and the prevention of infectious diseases, as well as the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, actively participate in health decision-making, and actively seek health care services to maintain your own physical and mental health.

Fifth, ensure a healthy transition from adolescence to adulthood, lay a good foundation for future family and career, and make more contributions to the country and society.

Notes

Ten Don’ts

It is not advisable to pluck and draw eyebrows

Eyebrows can block sweat, dust and protect the eyes. The girl's eyebrows have not yet fully grown and developed. At this time, eyebrow plucking and eyebrow drawing are equivalent to removing the barrier of the eyes, allowing dust and bacteria to fall straight into the eye sockets unobstructed, making them prone to eye diseases. Plucking eyebrows is a malignant stimulus to the nerve endings around the orbits, which can cause eye muscle movement disorders, cause the skin around the orbits to become loose, and prone to wrinkles and eyelid drooping, which will further affect beauty in adulthood.

It is not advisable to pierce the ears and wear pendants

Girls’ ears are delicate. At this time, piercing the ears and wearing pendants can cause artificial ear trauma, and can also introduce bacteria into the body, causing infection, suppuration or tetanus. danger. According to reports, in Kabul, Afghanistan, 16% of tetanus patients were caused by ear pricks.

It is not advisable to wear heavy makeup

The skin of the human body has more than 20 million sweat pores, and about 15,000 pieces of body waste are excreted through the sweat pores every day. Girls wearing heavy makeup and powder will undoubtedly block the discharge of waste in the body. This not only affects body temperature regulation, but also easily causes "cosmetic rash" and affects facial muscle development and bodybuilding.

Not suitable for chest binding

Chest binding will affect the movement of the ribs, sternum and diaphragm, affect normal breathing and normal development of the chest, make the thorax narrow, reduce vital capacity, and also affect breast development. Breastfeeding after marriage can cause benign superficial thrombosis of the breast and phlebitis in severe cases.

It is not advisable not to wear a bra

Some girls have already developed very large breasts but still do not wear a bra. Over time, the breasts will easily sag and sag, hindering the normal blood circulation in the mammary glands, causing Partial blood stasis can cause breast disease; strenuous exercise can also easily traumatize the breasts and cause mastitis.

It is not advisable to use hormones to promote breast development

Some girls think that their breasts are small, and taking estrogen to promote breast development may have a temporary effect, but over time, it will cause the breasts and vagina to become smaller. The possibility of cancer of the cervix, uterus, and ovaries increases. Abuse of estrogen not only easily causes nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, but can also lead to uterine bleeding, uterine hypertrophy, menstrual disorders, and damage to liver and kidney function.

It is not advisable to use bodybuilding cream for a long time

Some girls think that breast development is poor, so they apply bodybuilding cream to make their breasts plump and enlarged. Long-term use can cause irregular menstruation and pigmentation. Calmness, skin atrophy and thinning can also cause disorder of the liver's enzyme system, reduce bile acid synthesis, and easily form cholesterol stones.

It is not advisable to wear high-elastic pants

High-elastic pants tightly wrap the crotch, buttocks and thighs, have poor permeability, affect blood and lymph circulation, hinder joint extension and normal development of the body, and It is very easy to cause vulvitis in girls, with itching, pain, redness and swelling of the vulva. Scratching can cause diffuse ulcers on the epidermis of the vulva. The pain and itchiness becomes worse after urination. The inguinal lymph nodes may become swollen and painful due to infection.

It is not advisable to wear pointed high heels

Girls’ toes are soft and tender. Wearing pointed high heels for a long time will not only squeeze and rub the toes, but also cause foot diseases. This foot disease is medically known as high-heeled metatarsalgia. Wearing high heels all year round raises and enlarges the arch of the foot, and the toes are forced forward when walking, causing the walls of blood vessels accompanying the plantar nerve to thicken, forming local thrombosis, causing ischemia and degeneration of the plantar nerve, or Ingrown toenails form and the pain is unbearable. Foot diseases become more frequent and severe as we age.

It is not advisable to chew food with one tooth for a long time

Over time, it is easy to cause tooth strain on one side, asymmetrical facial development, and damage to bodybuilding.

Diet and Health

Katherine S. Burke of Harvard Medical School reported that if little girls eat a diet rich in animal protein and fat, they are likely to mature prematurely, and The risk of chronic disease may increase as you age. Related studies have shown that girls who physically mature earlier have an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer later in life.

Bokai et al. collected medical and dietary records of 67 white women born in the 1930s and 1940s to explore the relationship between diet, development and maturity. The results showed that girls who consumed the most animal protein between the ages of 3 and 5 had their menstruation earlier than those who consumed the most plant protein. Likewise, those who consumed more fat between the ages of 1 and 2 and those who consumed more animal protein between the ages of 6 and 8 developed puberty earlier.

The results imply that risk in adulthood is related to pubertal development and factors that influence development.

But research does not recommend that parents change their children's diets to reduce their risk of disease, because young children need enough protein and fat for normal growth and development. Public health guidance seeks to guide children to reduce their intake of saturated fat, lean meat and excess calories and increase their intake of fruits and vegetables, which may reduce the incidence of breast cancer and bring other health benefits.

Adolescent health care

Adolescent health clinics fall under the category of preventive health services:

First, it must be considered that the outpatient services are suitable for the age and growth and development of the patients. , and at the same time, individual differences and differences in social and cultural backgrounds should also be considered.

Second, establish an adolescent health outpatient system and strictly require medical staff to abide by the principle of confidentiality in adolescent health care; staff should warmly receive teenagers and their parents and encourage them to actively participate.

Third, receiving health care guidance once a year during adolescence can help teenagers cope with growth and development worries, develop physically and mentally, maintain a healthy lifestyle, improve diet and fatigue, and prevent injuries.

Mental health care

When faced with adolescent children, parents will have varying degrees of fear, and some even feel as if they are facing a formidable enemy. The reaction of parents is normal, because adolescent children always yearn for maturity and are nostalgic for childhood, pursue perfection but always have shortcomings, refuse indoctrination but are eager for help. Such contradictory psychology makes their behavior so absurd and boring in the eyes of adults, but it is of great significance to children. Because parents do not understand their children, they impose unreasonable restrictions on their children. This causes many conflicts between parents and children, and the conflicts continue to escalate.

First of all, we should understand the four major psychological needs of adolescent children.

Reasonable material needs

Material needs are an eternal theme in life. After children enter adolescence, they still have needs in terms of clothing, snacks, toys, stationery, etc. on the surface, but in reality. Demand is quietly changing. Children who have just entered adolescence are less likely to pursue individuality and more likely to demand conformity. Following the crowd makes you feel safe and integrate into the circle of classmates without standing out. As they grow older, become familiar with the surrounding environment, and understand the personalities of their classmates and friends, children begin to show their individuality and secretly compete among themselves in the group.

This kind of comparison has a positive meaning. The children gain experience and position themselves in the group.

If a girl refuses to wear pink clothes in the first year of junior high school, and a year or two later, she insists on a pink scarf, don’t be surprised. This is the child’s desire to grow up and move towards maturity. . Rejecting pink is because you want to reject childishness, and accepting pink is to express yourself and move toward independence and maturity. At this time, the children were surprisingly disobedient in front of their parents. The boy wants a pair of brand-name shoes today. He will come back tomorrow and tell his parents that a certain classmate has a new mobile phone. The schoolbags of boys and girls are covered with pictures of celebrities, and everyone is invited to dinner on whose birthday it is... Many boys will learn to smoke and drink in groups. Girls learn to put on makeup and dye their hair. In fact, they want to use these rituals to be like adults, flaunt themselves and show themselves in small groups. But adults feel that they are trying to be brave.

Parents’ support and guidance methods

Our social level is improving, and parents also have a comparison mentality. While decorating their homes, they also improve their children’s living standards and dress them up beautifully. , put money in their pockets. Just imagine, when children carry money in their pockets, they always think about how to spend money in class, which will inevitably affect their learning. Parents want to guard against the consequences of their children’s inflated material needs, but they have to give them material satisfaction. What should they do? We believe that parents should learn to judge whether their children's needs are normal. The standard of a child's normal needs is mainly looked at from two aspects: one is to take the average or the middle or lower average of the material needs of classmates. Another criterion is the financial situation of the family. If your family's financial situation is medium or relatively good, it would be better for your children to have a lower standard of living. If your financial situation is not very good, then you must not insist on letting your children enjoy high consumption because you are afraid that they will be wronged. This kind of practice of saving face and suffering will not only fail to make your children more confident, but will also easily make them It becomes more serious without considering the financial ability of the parents.

The need for friends

Before and after entering adolescence, it is the beginning of junior high school life. Children seem to have entered a brand new world, exposed to new faces, new habits, and new learning. Way. This is the change we can see, and there is another invisible change, which is the shift in thoughts and emotions of children entering adolescence.

Before adolescence, children rely on their parents. When they enter adolescence, they start to transfer to their friends. In late adolescence, they transfer to friends of the opposite sex. Finally, they become fixed on the opposite sex, start a family, start a career, and have children. , entering a new cycle, which is the only way for human growth, and a force we cannot resist.

Children begin to make friends. For friends, they can wait at the school gate, go shopping or go to Internet cafes with their classmates. Because my friends can stay at school to play basketball or even fight, I don’t care about my parents’ faces when I get home late, even if I get beaten and scolded by them. What force makes children take desperate risks? Here is the issue of the child's psychological needs.

When children leave the family, their horizons broaden and their exposure to society becomes wider. Instead of the behavior of connecting home and school, they will appear in places they have never been before. You will encounter problems you have never encountered before. At this time, friends are the most direct helpers and can replace the support and help of parents.

The children's thoughts are no longer pure, and even they themselves can feel it. Sometimes they are full of thoughts, sometimes they are worried, and sometimes they are happy and sad. These feelings are not suitable to be shared with parents, because parents will immediately become nervous and worried, criticism and education are indispensable, and tracking and monitoring will follow. Therefore, parents are not the choice for children to express their feelings, and the best and safest are the friends around them. . During this period, children often choose teachers as friends and let teachers share their joys, sorrows, and joys, because teachers are still sacred and trustworthy in children's minds.

So, do children need their parents in their hearts? From the bottom of their hearts, children need it, but what holds them back is parents' worry and distrust.

Parental support and guidance methods

Because parents are worried, they have to educate their children constantly, even by beating and scolding. Furthermore, parents unilaterally follow the opinions of teachers and others and prevent their children from making normal friends, fearing that their children will learn badly, which will affect their learning and waste time. Some parents set rules for their children to decide which friends they are allowed to make and which friends they are not allowed to make. The children absolutely do not accept it and naturally stay away from their parents, let alone communicate with them.

What should parents do? First of all, let your child trust you and be willing to tell you all the problems he encounters. This requires parents to learn to listen and not be eager to criticize and correct. Listening to children's stories also gives them a chance to vent, which reduces their psychological burden. After parents listen, they find opportunities to give suggestions to their children. Over time, parents and children become the most trustworthy friends.

Parents support their children in making friends and at the same time put forward specific and simple bottom line requirements. For example, you can’t be friends with people who lead you to do bad things; you can’t be friends with people who are very selfish; you can’t be friends with people who are self-righteous... In addition, children often think that friends are eternal, and you need to tell them that this is not necessarily the case. Relationships often change and may break off, so be mentally prepared. In short, you need to be the friend your child needs.

The need for attention from the opposite sex

As children enter adolescence, there are subtle changes in their contact with the opposite sex. They begin to quietly pay attention to the opposite sex. The focus is often just on appearance. For example, girls pay attention to handsome and tall boys. It feels fresh and exciting for the girls to comment on them together. Boys also pay attention to girls, and occasionally they will talk about certain girls in a teasing way together. Even if they have a slight liking for them, they know that they are thinking about them. Both boys and girls will be very reserved. This is just the initial learning stage for children to step out of the family circle and enter society to get to know the opposite sex. As time goes by, children become more and more aware of what kind of opposite sex they like and hope to get close to him or her. The initial form can be playing around, simple questions and answers, or work-style communication based on class activities. Many children can gain an understanding of the opposite sex through such simple communication. Many children know that this is not love, but just a relationship between classmates. They think that the beautiful love they longed for has not come, so more people choose to wait and wait for themselves to grow up.

There are indeed children who fall in love. These "loves" often start with misunderstandings, pressure, and loss of family ties. Xiao Ai is a fat girl in the second grade of junior high school. But Xiao Ai has changed a bit. Everyone observed carefully and finally discovered the clues. There is an extra boy next to Xiao Ai, and he is Feng Feng. After class, Fengfeng would sit in front of Xiao Ai, and the two of them had a lively chat. They also make appointments to eat together and walk together after school. So "sexy news" about the two of them spread in the class, and finally one day the class teacher Zhang was alarmed, and the teacher informed the parents of the two children about the incident. In fact, parents also discovered it. Xiao Ai and Feng Feng have to contact each other on the phone every night, and they chat for more than an hour. During holidays, they have to contact each other three or four times a day. At the beginning, the parents didn't take it seriously, but as time went on, no parent would be suspicious. Xiao Ai's parents asked Xiao Ai, and Xiao Ai said: "Don't think so complicatedly, we are good friends."

Adolescence is the prelude to love and the prelude to love. Children fall in love. It is inevitable, and we parents hope that our children will be later and later, how can we do it?

Parental support and guidance methods

First of all, we parents should not encourage our children to make mistakes and start "love" from misunderstandings and misunderstandings. Parents' catchy criticism, distrustful interrogation, secretly peeking into their children's privacy, and worried nagging reminders make children irritable and aggravate their rebellious psychology. Children who have contact with friends of the opposite sex will be very careful. In order to avoid exposing their feelings and avoid being discovered by their parents because of a small note or an unexpected one-on-one contact, which will cause the other party to be harmed, they will step up reporting and contact. , As a result, the two people got closer and closer, supporting and trusting each other more and more, and finally the lie became true. Parents play a role in fueling the flames here, but they are not aware of it. Secondly, children need someone to share the pressure of study and life. If parents only apply pressure but do not reduce pressure, children will rebel against their parents. Incomprehension, intolerance, and endless criticism and nagging of children make children seek understanding and sympathy, which is also the reason why children fall in love. Furthermore, family affection is a safe haven for children. If the family cannot provide children with affection, it is easy for children to seek affection from the opposite sex. Husbands and wives are at odds with each other all the time, fighting and getting divorced. Children are the most difficult to accept and feel insecure. Parents are away from home all year round and are unable to take care of their children. Children look at others and then themselves, feeling lonely and easy to seek comfort.

When adolescent children start to pay attention to the opposite sex, they will mention a certain opposite sex in front of their parents.

You must not make a fuss or blame your child for not focusing on studying, nor should you take it lightly. Instead, listen patiently to what the child has to say, then ask about the situation, and then think of ways to guide the child. Once you have thought about it, it will not be too late to come up with a solution. The advantages of this are: 1. The child knows that he can talk to his parents about such things, and the parents will not criticize him. If he encounters confusion in this area in the future, he will seek help from his parents, so that the parents have an understanding and understanding of their children. Opportunity to help. 2. Children understand that getting ideas from their parents is always better than asking their classmates or coming up with solutions on their own. As long as the parents don’t scare the children away, the children will come for help. In the process of children's growth, parents can exert their efforts, which is a good thing for the healthy growth of children.

The need for help

When children enter adolescence, their personalities also become extroverted, and they are easily exaggerated by things and easily rash. They deal with problems independently more and more often, and the things they encounter become more and more complex. They are just starting out, facing the unknown world, full of curiosity, questions and fears. They really hope to have bodyguards, "know-it-alls" and "Doraemon" around them. Of course, it would be nice to have a lot of money in their pockets. And without all of this, what should you do when you encounter a problem? Children need help.

In their interactions with classmates, many things make them difficult to deal with. Children don't know how to deal with new classmates and new teachers; they don't know how to control their emotions, and they often conflict with teachers and classmates; they are criticized, but they don't know what they did wrong and how to communicate with the teacher. They need help.

Children’s range of activities is getting wider and wider, and they often encounter things that don’t go well with them, including being wronged and bullied. Things happened suddenly, and then ended like that. All that was left was annoyance, injustice, and humiliation, but there was no chance to fight back, vent, or even a place to reason. It was like a mute eating Coptis chinensis, unable to express his suffering. At this time, children need help.

For example, when it comes to exams, children must compare with their classmates in terms of academic performance. Many times, they have to accept criticism from adults and accept the arrangements of fate. How do they improve their performance? They need help. Why do people live? What is a outlook on life? What is happiness? Where is the happiness I want? …Children are confused a lot and hope someone can help them clear up the fog and uncover the mysteries. They still need help.

Parental support and guidance methods

It should be said that children need help in all aspects, from more material satisfaction to spiritual guidance, they need it all. In this way, children can gradually get rid of their childishness, establish a realistic and objective ideology, and truly step out of the fantasy-filled, unfettered, responsibility-free, worry-free and surreal teenage years and enter youth and adulthood.

Parents tend to focus on their own will and think that caring and caring for their children is help. However, they do not know that excessive care and care will make children have poor hands-on ability and appear clumsy among classmates. Many parents believe that criticism is help. As a result, they arouse their children's rebellious psychology and accelerate the growth of their children's rebellious psychology.

Parents are very willing to help their children. Children do not accept help from anyone, including parents. There are prerequisites for a child to get help, and it must be someone he trusts. When it comes to learning, children need help from trustworthy people who know their subject. In terms of outlook on life, they need help from talented and convinced people. When they need encouragement and support, they should also be people they like and need.

Habit cultivation

1. Reasonably arrange life, work and study, cultivate good hygiene habits, pay attention to physical exercise and appropriate labor. Personal hygiene includes oral hygiene, eye hygiene and correct postures for writing, reading, standing and sitting to prevent tooth decay, myopia and spinal curvature. Arrange the exercise contents systematically and plannedly according to different ages, and proceed in sequence.

2. Adequate sleep: Adolescent sleep time is 7-9 hours, and good sleeping habits should be developed.

3. Breast health care: When girls reach puberty and their breasts swell, they should wear a bra in time, but the bra should not be too tight or too loose. Too tight will affect the normal development of the breasts, and too loose will not prevent breast sagging.

4. Menstrual hygiene: Young women should be made aware that menstruation is a physiological phenomenon, but they must pay attention to menstrual hygiene.

Pay attention to hygiene and prevent infection: use clean and soft menstrual pads, change them frequently, keep external genitalia clean, and avoid bathing or swimming during menstruation.

(3) Keep warm and avoid cold stimulation.

(4) Avoid overexertion: avoid strenuous exercise to reduce pelvic congestion. Get proper rest and get enough sleep.

5. Mental health and healthy behavior guidance: Adolescence was once called a "dangerous period." Therefore, teachers, parents and health care workers should pay special attention to the psychological activities of teenagers and provide correct induction and planned systematic education. Young people must be educated not to smoke or drink alcohol, and to treat issues such as love and marriage correctly.

6. Proper sex education: It is necessary to implement necessary sex education for teenagers and provide correct induction. Education with different contents should be carried out sequentially according to students' physical, mental state and understanding ability according to different ages, slightly earlier or in synchronization with physical and mental development. Sex education should adhere to the principles of timeliness, moderation and appropriateness.

7. Vaginal discharge: Soon after the development of secondary sexual characteristics, girls will have vaginal discharge, that is, leucorrhea. Generally, leucorrhea is milky white and odorless, which is a normal physiological phenomenon. Leucorrhea is mainly composed of vaginal exudate and cervical mucus, as well as a small amount of uterine cavity and fallopian tube secretions, as well as epithelial cells, white blood cells and lactobacilli shed from the vagina, cervix, uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. Because the estrogen level in the body changes cyclically, when the estrogen level is high during ovulation, the amount of leucorrhea is also large and appears as transparent as egg white. Normally, the amount of leucorrhea is small. Before menstruation, due to pelvic congestion, vaginal exudate increases, and the leucorrhea returns. There will be an increase, which is a normal physiological phenomenon.

However, the female reproductive tract is connected to the outside world, and some pathogenic microorganisms can easily enter the female reproductive tract. In order to prevent inflammation and diseases of the reproductive organs, you should pay attention to:

A. Wash the vulva frequently;

B. Use pure cotton underwear and avoid borrowing from each other;

C. The basin and towel for washing the vulva should be used exclusively by the individual and should not be mixed with the utensils for washing the feet;

D. If you find increased leucorrhea, smelly or bloody discharge, or extreme itching of the vulva, you should seek medical attention in time.