1 Ji will be cut (1). He met Confucius and said, "There must be something wrong with Ji." Confucius said, "Beg! Is innocence too much? My husband, the former king, thinks he is the Lord of the East, and he is also a minister of the country in the polis. Why cut it? " Jean Valjean once said, "Ji Sun will do this, and neither of us will be willing to be officials." . "Confucius said," beg! Zhou people (4) have a saying:' Chen Lili (5) can't stop.' If you don't persist in danger, if you don't help, what will you do? What's more, the tiger (7) was born in the box (8), and the turtle and jade were destroyed in the box (9). Who is to blame? "You Ran said," Today's husband is full of twists and turns, which is solid and close to the cost (10). If you don't take it today, future generations will have future troubles. " Confucius said, "beg! A sick gentleman will give up what he wants and do it. Qiu also heard that those who have state-owned families are not suffering from inequality because of widowhood, but are anxious because of poverty (1 1). There is no poverty, no poverty and no peace. If the husband is so, people so far away will not accept it, so practice self-discipline. Let nature take its course Today, from seeking and seeking, we are in harmony with the Lord. Far people refuse to accept and do not come, and the country falls apart and cannot be kept; Start a war in this state. I'm afraid of internal troubles and foreign invasion, not DuDu, but Xiao Qiang (12). "
To annotate ...
Zhuan Xu: Zhuan Xu is a subordinate country of Lu, located in the west of Feixian County, Shandong Province.
Something: refers to military action and fighting with soldiers.
Lord of East Mongolia: East Mongolia, Mengshan. Lord, the man who presides over the sacrifice.
Zhou Ren: Ming, historian of Zhou Dynasty.
Chen Lili: Chen Li, give full play to your abilities and do what you can.
Item: People who help the blind are called items, which means assistance.
Hey: the voice is s √. Female rhinoceros.
Xiá, a wooden cage for wild animals.
X: sound dú, box.
Fee: the fief of Ji.
Poor, widowed: there may be a mistake, it should be widowed and poor.
Xiao Qiang: A screen on the wall. Refers to the palace.
translate
Ji Jiang crusaded. So he went to see Confucius and said, "Ji's family is going to attack." Confucius said, "Ran Qiu, isn't this your fault? Let it preside over the East Mongolian Sacrifice a week ago. It is already within the territory of Lu, and it is a vassal of the country. Why should we crusade against it? " You Ran said, "If Jima wants to attack, neither of us can either." Confucius said, "Ran Qiu, there is a saying in the Zhou Dynasty:' Do your duty, but don't quit.' If you don't help when you are in danger and don't help when you fall, what's the use of helping? What you said is wrong. Tiger rhinoceros ran out of the cage and tortoise shell jade was destroyed in boxes. Whose fault is this? "You Ran said," now Zhuan Xu city wall is very strong, and it is very close to Fei Yi. If we don't take it away now, it will definitely become the trouble of future generations. Confucius said, "Ran Qiu, a gentleman hates refusing to say what he wants to do, but he must find reasons to prove it. I heard that for princes and doctors, they are not afraid of poverty, but they are afraid of inequality; Not afraid of small population, but afraid of instability. Since wealth is shared, there is no poverty; If everyone is in harmony, they will not feel that there are fewer people; Once settled, there is no danger of capsizing. Because of this, people far away will be attracted by benevolence, righteousness, propriety and happiness if they are not convinced; It's already here. Let them live in peace. Now that you two, Zhong You and Ran Qiu, are assisting Ji's family, people from afar will not submit to it and attract it; You can't save people's hearts at home, but you plan to use force at home. I'm afraid Ji Sun's worry is not in the shackles, but in himself! "
Comment and analysis
This chapter also embodies Confucius' anti-war thought. He does not advocate solving international and domestic problems by military means, but hopes to solve problems by courtesy, benevolence and joy, which is Confucius' consistent thought. In addition, in this chapter, Confucius also proposed "not suffering from poverty but suffering from inequality, not suffering from widowhood but suffering from worry". Zhu's interpretation of this sentence is: "all, that is, each has its own points;" Ann means peace from top to bottom. "This kind of thinking has a great influence on later generations, and even becomes people's social psychology. As far as today is concerned, this kind of thinking has a negative side, which is basically not suitable for modern society, which should be pointed out.
original text
Confucius said: "If there is a way in the world, the rites and music will be conquered from the son of heaven;" There is no way in the world, and the rites and music are conquered by the princes. Since the princes came out, Gai X did not lose hope; Since the doctor came out, the fifth hope has not been lost; Accompany the minister to carry out the life of the country, and III hopes not to lose. There is a way in the world, and politics is not a doctor. If there is a method in the world, then Shu Ren will not discuss it. "
translate
Confucius said, "There is a saying in the world that the son of heaven plays music and sends troops to fight; When there is no road in the world, the princes play music and send troops to fight. It is decided by the governors, about ten generations, and there are fewer people who don't collapse; It is up to the doctor to decide that after five generations, few people will not collapse. If there is a way in the world, the state power will not fall into the hands of doctors. If there is a way in the world, ordinary people will not talk about national politics. "
Comment and analysis
What does "there is no road" mean? Confucius said here that, firstly, the power of Zhou Tianzi fell into the hands of princes, secondly, the power of vassal States fell into the hands of doctors and courtiers, and thirdly, the people discussed affairs. Confucius was extremely dissatisfied with this situation and thought that the regime would soon collapse. He hopes to return to the era of "there is a road in the world", so that the regime will be stable and the people will live in peace.
original text
Confucius said: "Lu Zhi went to court for the fifth time (1), and was arrested for politics (2) and went to court for the fourth time (3), so the descendants of Fu Sanhuan (4) were insignificant."
To annotate ...
Refers to the five states of Shandong: Gong Xuan, Chenggong, Xianggong, Zhao Gong and Dinggong.
Catch: and.
IV: refers to Wen Zi, Wuzi, Ping Zi and Huan Zi IV of Ji Sun.
Sanhuan: Lu's and Uncle Sun's are all human beings, so they are called Sanhuan.
translate
Confucius said, "Lu has lost his country for five generations, and his power has fallen to doctors for four generations, so the descendants of the Third Ring Road have also declined."
Comment and analysis
Three Huan mastered the state power, which was a political change at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and Confucius expressed dissatisfaction with it. In this chapter, Confucius put forward his own understanding and attitude towards the social and political situation at that time. Confucius' view is that social and political change is "there is no way in the world", which is based on his thought of "rule by courtesy" and hopes to become a political situation of "there is a way in the world"
original text
Confucius said, "There are three good friends and three bad friends. Friends are straightforward, friends trust (1), and friends learn more, which is beneficial. Friendly, it developed (2); If you are friendly and gentle (3), you will lose (4). "
To annotate ...
Trust: integrity.
Bian Bi: I'm used to going astray.
Kindness and gentleness: good at deceiving people with a pleasant countenance.
Casual: used to rhetoric.
translate
Confucius said, "There are three kinds of beneficial friends and three kinds of harmful friends. It is beneficial to make friends with honest people, honest people and well-informed people. It is harmful to make friends with people who are used to evil ways, with people who are good at flattery, and with people who are used to rhetoric. "
original text
Confucius said: "The winner has three pleasures, and the loser has three pleasures. Music Festival and Ritual Music (1), the kindness of Taoist priests, the more virtuous friends they are, the more beneficial they are. Lejiao Music (2), Le Yi Music (3) and Le Yan Music (4) are detrimental. "
To annotate ...
Festive rites and music: Confucius advocated controlling people with rites and music.
Pride and happiness: arrogance and unrestrained happiness.
Hey: It's the same as "escape".
Yan Le: Enjoy the feast.
translate
Confucius said: "There are three beneficial preferences and three harmful preferences. It is beneficial to adjust yourself through music and etiquette, to praise the benefits of others and to have many virtuous friends. Like pride, like wandering, like eating and drinking, which is harmful. "
original text
6. Confucius said: "There are three ways to be a monarch and a minister (1): if you don't say it, you will be impetuous; If you say it, you will be hidden; If you don't see the color, you will be embarrassed. "
To annotate ...
Hey: sound qiān, fault.
You: sound g incarnation, blind.
translate
Confucius said, "When serving and talking with gentlemen, we should pay attention to avoid making three kinds of mistakes: speaking first and asking later, which is impatience;" If you don't tell when you are asked, this is called concealment; Speak rashly without looking at the gentleman's face; This is blind. "
Comment and analysis
The above chapters mainly focus on the problems that should be paid attention to in the social process. To make friends, we should make friends with people who are upright, honest and well-informed, not those who flatter us. We should adjust ourselves with rites and music, praise the benefits of others more, and be careful not to be impatient and conceal when dealing with gentlemen, which has certain reference value for us.
original text
Confucius said: "A gentleman has three precepts: when he is young, his blood gas is uncertain, so he should be careful;": It is also strong and bloody, and it is fighting; I am also old, my blood gas is declining, and I have to quit. "
translate
Confucius said: "A gentleman should take three things as a warning: when he was young, his blood was not yet mature, so he should give up his infatuation with women; When you are mature and full of blood, you must give up fighting with others; When you are old, your blood is already weak, so you should abstain from greed. "
Comment and analysis
This is Confucius' advice on the problems that people need to pay attention to from adolescence to old age. This is still necessary for people today.
original text
Confucius said: "A gentleman has three fears: fear of destiny, fear of adults and fear of the words of saints. I don't know my fate, but I'm not afraid of it. I am insulting adults and saints. "
translate
Confucius said: "A gentleman has three fears: fear of destiny, fear of nobles, fear of saints, and a villain does not know destiny, so he is not afraid, does not honor others, and despises the words of saints."
original text
9 Confucius said: "Those who are born with knowledge are also superior; Those who learn and know, second; Learn from difficulties, secondly; If you are sleepy and don't learn, the next one is the people. "
translate
Confucius said: "Those who are born with knowledge are also gentlemen; After learning, I know that I am a second-class person; It is second-rate people who encounter difficulties and re-learn; People who don't study when they encounter difficulties are inferior. "
Comment and analysis
Although Confucius was born to know people, he did not admit that he was such a person, nor did he see such a person. He said that he didn't know until he studied. He wants people to study hard and not wait for difficulties to study. As the saying goes: if you use books, you hate them less. This is the truth. As for not studying when encountering difficulties, it is not enough training.
original text
10 Confucius said: "A gentleman has Jiu Si: he can see clearly, listen attentively, look gently, look respectfully, speak faithfully, respect things, ask questions in doubt, think hard, so he can see what he thinks."
translate
Confucius said: "a gentleman has nine things to consider: when looking, consider whether he can see clearly;" When listening, think about whether you can hear clearly; Think about whether your face is gentle and your appearance is humble; When you speak, think about whether you are loyal or not; Think about whether to do things carefully or not; When in doubt, think about whether to ask others; When you are angry, you should think about whether there are any future troubles. When you get the money, you should think about whether it is just. "
Comment and analysis
In this chapter, Confucius said that "a gentleman has Jiu Si", and all aspects of people's words and deeds were taken into account. He asked himself and his students to seriously think and reflect on their words and deeds, including various norms of personal moral cultivation, such as gentleness, kindness, courtesy, frugality, concession, loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom, which are all part of Confucius' moral cultivation theory.
original text
1 1 Confucius said: "It is better to see evil than to see good. I have seen him and listened to him. Living in seclusion is ambition, and doing righteousness is Tao. I heard what he said, but I didn't see him. "
translate
Confucius said, "When you see good deeds, you can't succeed by worrying. When you see bad behavior, you will avoid it as quickly as putting your hand in boiling water. " I have seen such people and heard such words. Live in seclusion to preserve one's ambition and act according to righteousness. I have heard such words, but I have never seen such a person. "
Comment and analysis
original text
Qi Jinggong has a thousand horses. On the day he died, the people were said to have no virtue. Boyi Shu Qi starved to death under what people now call Shouyang. What is its significance?
translate
Qi Jinggong has 4000 horses. When he died, people thought he had no virtue to praise. Boyi and Shu Qi starved to death in shouyangshan, and the people are still singing their praises. That's what I'm saying.
original text
13( 1) asked: "Does Zi also have different opinions ②?" Yes: "Not yet. When you taste independence, carp often goes beyond the court. Say,' How about learning poetry?' Yes:' not yet'. There is nothing to say if you don't study poetry. Carp retired to learn poetry. When we are independent again, carp will rush through the court. Say,' How about learning manners? Yes:' not yet'. "If you don't learn manners, you can't stand it. "Carp dropout etiquette. Vince, both. " Chen Kang retired and said happily, "Ask one and you get three. Smell poetry, smell ceremony, smell the gentleman's distance (3) his son is also. "
To annotate ...
Kang means Chen.
Alienation: This means being different from what other students say.
Far: sound yuàn, not near, not preferred.
translate
Chen Kang asked Apollo, "Have you heard any special teaching from the teacher?" "No," Apollo replied. Once he was standing alone in the class, and I walked quickly through the court. He said, "Have you ever studied poetry?" I answered' no', and he said,' If you don't learn poetry, you won't be able to speak. I went back to study poetry. Another day, he was standing alone in the class, and I walked quickly across the court. He said, "Have you learned the ceremony?" I replied,'No.' He said,' If you don't learn manners, you won't know how to stand up.' I went back to learn manners. I've only heard these two things. Chen Kang went back and said happily, "I asked a question and got three gains. I listened to the truth of poetry, the truth of ceremony, and the truth that a gentleman does not favor his son. "
original text
14 the monarch's wife, you call it Mrs. Yue and call yourself a child; People in China call it your wife, and people in other countries call it a widowed gentleman; Foreigners call it your wife.
translate
The wife of the monarch, the monarch calls her a wife, the wife calls herself a child, and China calls her your wife; To others, she is called a widowed gentleman and others call her your wife.
Comment and analysis
This title is one of Zhou Li's contents. This is to maintain the hierarchical birthright system and achieve the purpose of "justified".
Continue to ask:
Can you translate together?
Supplementary answer: original text
1 Ji will be cut (1). He met Confucius and said, "There must be something wrong with Ji." Confucius said, "Beg! Is innocence too much? My husband, the former king, thinks he is the Lord of the East, and he is also a minister of the country in the polis. Why cut it? " Jean Valjean once said, "Ji Sun will do this, and neither of us will be willing to be officials." . "Confucius said," beg! Zhou people (4) have a saying:' Chen Lili (5) can't stop.' If you don't persist in danger, if you don't help, what will you do? What's more, the tiger (7) was born in the box (8), and the turtle and jade were destroyed in the box (9). Who is to blame? "You Ran said," Today's husband is full of twists and turns, which is solid and close to the cost (10). If you don't take it today, future generations will have future troubles. " Confucius said, "beg! A sick gentleman will give up what he wants and do it. Qiu also heard that those who have state-owned families are not suffering from inequality because of widowhood, but are anxious because of poverty (1 1). There is no poverty, no poverty and no peace. If the husband is so, so far away people refuse to accept it, then self-study virtue. Let nature take its course Today, from seeking and seeking, we are in harmony with the Lord. Far people refuse to accept and do not come, and the country falls apart and cannot be kept; Start a war in this state. I'm afraid of internal troubles and foreign invasion, not DuDu, but Xiao Qiang (12). "
translate
Ji Jiang crusaded. So he went to see Confucius and said, "Ji's family is going to attack." Confucius said, "Ran Qiu, isn't this your fault? Let it preside over the East Mongolian Sacrifice a week ago. It is already within the territory of Lu, and it is a vassal of the country. Why should we crusade against it? " You Ran said, "If Jima wants to attack, neither of us can either." Confucius said, "Ran Qiu, there is a saying in the Zhou Dynasty:' Do your duty, or quit if you can't.' If you don't help when you are in danger and don't help when you fall, what's the use of helping? What you said is wrong. Tiger rhinoceros ran out of the cage and tortoise shell jade was destroyed in boxes. Whose fault is this? "You Ran said," now Zhuan Xu city wall is very strong, and it is very close to Fei Yi. If we don't take it away now, it will definitely become the trouble of future generations. Confucius said, "Ran Qiu, a gentleman hates refusing to say what he wants to do, but he must find reasons to prove it. I heard that for princes and doctors, they are not afraid of poverty, but they are afraid of inequality; Not afraid of small population, but afraid of instability. Since wealth is shared, there is no poverty; If everyone is in harmony, they will not feel that there are fewer people; Once settled, there is no danger of capsizing. Because of this, people far away will be attracted by benevolence, righteousness, propriety and happiness if they are not convinced; It's already here. Let them live in peace. Now that you two, Zhong You and Ran Qiu, are assisting Ji's family, people from afar will not submit to it and attract it; You can't save people's hearts at home, but you plan to use force at home. I'm afraid Ji Sun's worry is not in the shackles, but in himself! "
original text
Confucius said: "If there is a way in the world, the rites and music will be conquered from the son of heaven;" There is no way in the world, and the rites and music are conquered by the princes. Since the princes came out, Gai X did not lose hope; Since the doctor came out, the fifth hope has not been lost; Accompany the minister to carry out the life of the country, and III hopes not to lose. There is a way in the world, and politics is not a doctor. If there is a method in the world, then Shu Ren will not discuss it. "
translate
Confucius said, "There is a saying in the world that the son of heaven plays music and sends troops to fight; When there is no road in the world, the princes play music and send troops to fight. It is decided by the governors, about ten generations, and there are fewer people who don't collapse; It is up to the doctor to decide that after five generations, few people will not collapse. If there is a way in the world, the state power will not fall into the hands of doctors. If there is a way in the world, ordinary people will not talk about national politics. "
original text
Confucius said: "Lu Zhi went to court for the fifth time (1), and was arrested for politics (2) and went to court for the fourth time (3), so the descendants of Fu Sanhuan (4) were insignificant."
translate
Confucius said, "Lu has lost his country for five generations, and his power has fallen to doctors for four generations, so the descendants of the Third Ring Road have also declined."
original text
Confucius said, "There are three good friends and three bad friends. Friends are straightforward, friends trust (1), and friends learn more, which is beneficial. Friendly, it developed (2); If you are friendly and gentle (3), you will lose (4). "
translate
Confucius said, "There are three kinds of beneficial friends and three kinds of harmful friends. It is beneficial to make friends with honest people, honest people and well-informed people. It is harmful to make friends with people who are used to evil ways, with people who are good at flattery, and with people who are used to rhetoric. "
original text
Confucius said: "The winner has three pleasures, and the loser has three pleasures. Music Festival and Ritual Music (1), the kindness of Taoist priests, the more virtuous friends they are, the more beneficial they are. Lejiao Music (2), Le Yi Music (3) and Le Yan Music (4) are detrimental. "
translate
Confucius said: "There are three beneficial preferences and three harmful preferences. It is beneficial to adjust yourself through music and etiquette, to praise the benefits of others and to have many virtuous friends. Like pride, like wandering, like eating and drinking, which is harmful. "
original text
6. Confucius said: "There are three ways to be a monarch and a minister (1): if you don't say it, you will be impetuous; If you say it, you will be hidden; If you don't see the color, you will be embarrassed. "
translate
Confucius said, "When serving and talking with gentlemen, we should pay attention to avoid making three kinds of mistakes: speaking first and asking later, which is impatience;" If you don't tell when you are asked, this is called concealment; Speak rashly without looking at the gentleman's face; This is blind. "
original text
Confucius said: "A gentleman has three precepts: when he is young, his blood gas is uncertain, so he should be careful;": It is also strong and bloody, and it is fighting; I am also old, my blood gas is declining, and I have to quit. "
translate
Confucius said: "A gentleman should take three things as a warning: when he was young, his blood was not yet mature, so he should give up his infatuation with women; When you are mature and full of blood, you must give up fighting with others; When you are old, your blood is already weak, so you should abstain from greed. "
original text
Confucius said: "A gentleman has three fears: fear of destiny, fear of adults and fear of the words of saints. I don't know my fate, but I'm not afraid of it. I am insulting adults and saints. "
translate
Confucius said: "A gentleman has three fears: fear of destiny, fear of nobles, fear of saints, and a villain does not know destiny, so he is not afraid, does not honor others, and despises the words of saints."
original text
9 Confucius said: "Those who are born with knowledge are also superior; Those who learn and know, second; Learn from difficulties, secondly; If you are sleepy and don't learn, the next one is the people. "
translate
Confucius said: "Those who are born with knowledge are also gentlemen; After learning, I know that I am a second-class person; It is second-rate people who encounter difficulties and re-learn; People who don't study when they encounter difficulties are inferior. "
original text
10 Confucius said: "A gentleman has Jiu Si: he can see clearly, listen attentively, look gently, look respectfully, speak faithfully, respect things, ask questions in doubt, think hard, so he can see what he thinks."
translate
Confucius said: "a gentleman has nine things to consider: when looking, consider whether he can see clearly;" When listening, think about whether you can hear clearly; Think about whether your face is gentle and your appearance is humble; When you speak, think about whether you are loyal or not; Think about whether to do things carefully or not; When in doubt, think about whether to ask others; When you are angry, you should think about whether there are any future troubles. When you get the money, you should think about whether it is just. "
original text
1 1 Confucius said, "It is better to see evil than good. I have seen him and listened to him. Living in seclusion is ambition, and doing righteousness is Tao. I heard what he said, but I didn't see him. "
translate
Confucius said, "When you see good deeds, you can't succeed by worrying. When you see bad behavior, you will avoid it as quickly as putting your hand in boiling water. " I have seen such people and heard such words. Live in seclusion to preserve one's ambition and act according to righteousness. I have heard such words, but I have never seen such a person. "
original text
Qi Jinggong has a thousand horses. On the day he died, the people were said to have no virtue. Boyi Shu Qi starved to death under what people now call Shouyang. What is its significance?
translate
Qi Jinggong has 4000 horses. When he died, people thought he had no virtue to praise. Boyi and Shu Qi starved to death in shouyangshan, and the people are still singing their praises. That's what I'm saying.
original text
13( 1) asked: "Does Zi also have different opinions ②?" Yes: "Not yet. When you taste independence, carp often goes beyond the court. Say,' How about learning poetry?' Yes:' not yet'. There is nothing to say if you don't study poetry. Carp retired to learn poetry. When we are independent again, carp will rush through the court. Say,' How about learning manners? Yes:' not yet'. "If you don't learn manners, you can't stand it. "Carp dropout etiquette. Vince, both. " Chen Kang retired and said happily, "Ask one and you get three. Smell poetry, smell ceremony, smell the gentleman's distance (3) his son is also. "
translate
Chen Kang asked Apollo, "Have you heard any special teaching from the teacher?" "No," Apollo replied. Once he was standing alone in the class, and I walked quickly through the court. He said, "Have you ever studied poetry?" I answered' no', and he said,' If you don't learn poetry, you won't be able to speak. I went back to study poetry. Another day, he was standing alone in the class, and I walked quickly across the court. He said, "Have you learned the ceremony?" I replied,'No.' He said,' If you don't learn manners, you won't know how to stand up.' I went back to learn manners. I've only heard these two things. Chen Kang went back and said happily, "I asked a question and got three gains. I listened to the truth of poetry, the truth of ceremony, and the truth that a gentleman does not favor his son. "
original text
14 the monarch's wife, you call it Mrs. Yue and call yourself a child; People in China call it your wife, and people in other countries call it a widowed gentleman; Foreigners call it your wife.
translate
The wife of the monarch, the monarch calls her a wife, the wife calls herself a child, and China calls her your wife; To others, she is called a widowed gentleman and others call her your wife.