Social workers use cognitive therapy model to help clients find blind spots in cognition, admit their present situation, face up to their problems and correct their automatic thinking about core beliefs. The following is a case study of caring for young social workers 20 17. Welcome to read and browse.

I. Background of the case

Zhou Xiao, male, 17 years old, is a student of a vocational school in Shanghai. Zhou colluded with others to extort money from the victim, and got the money 1700 yuan. Under the age of 18 due to minor crimes. After being released on bail from the procuratorate, he came to our town's youth social work office for observation, care and help.

Family situation: the parents' income is relatively low, more than 2,000 yuan per person per month, and they have to study for the parties, so the family is under great economic pressure. Husband and wife have bad feelings, often quarrel or have physical conflicts, and family conflicts are fierce.

Family relationship: the relationship between the client and the father is good, but due to the tension between the parents and the husband, the client seldom communicates with his family, but chooses the network and peer support.

Social situation: Because customers are loyal and willing to work for everyone, how many intimate friends are there on campus? Share weal and woe? , very enjoyable.

Social support system: the teachers of clients are more concerned about their studies, and have repeatedly recommended clients to participate in internships, giving employment guidance and psychological counseling. Several students have a good relationship, and everyone often discusses the direction after graduation. Youth social workers and the unchecked section of Hongkou Procuratorate have been paying close attention to the situation of the clients and providing services together.

Second, the problem assessment

1. Problems faced by customers

(1) The only child in the family is served by parents and elders, especially grandparents. The client's academic performance was low since childhood, and his family thought it was too hard and unnecessary to study, so the client had no intention to study all day and was eventually diverted to a vocational school by the school. The parents and elders of the client have always lacked correct guidance and restraint on his growth path. The family's economic conditions are not good, but parents and elders have been unconditionally providing money and materials, resulting in no pressure in life. The parties think that they are in a good state, but their lives are unplanned, and they are impulsive, have obvious herd mentality, are particularly loyal to others, and can't stand the temptation. His understanding of many things is one-sided, but he doesn't know it.

(2) The parents' relationship is tense and the basic triangular relationship of the family is flawed. The father's attitude towards his existence is to please, especially to satisfy his son unconditionally, which makes it too easy for the parties to get the money. And the mother's survival posture is to blame, express her criticism and criticism, and maintain her image. Such a family environment also leads the parties to interact in the same way, or interrupt or even walk away directly, and the parties also apply this coping style to other aspects of life.

(3) The clients often go in and out of bars, Internet cafes and other night business places, among which the personnel are complex and easy to get into bad habits, while young social workers are more worried about the mental outlook of the clients, who are gloomy and lifeless.

2. Theoretical basis

(1) Cognition refers to a person's cognition and views on a thing or an object, his own views, his thoughts on people, his cognition of the environment and his views on things. Disordered behaviors and emotions both stem from disordered cognition. The irrational or wrong cognition of the parties directly leads to abnormal emotions or behaviors, and these wrong ideas are often unconsciously and habitually carried out, so they are not easy to be identified.

(2) Family is everyone's initial starting point. The long-term unhealthy family environment directly leads to the dysfunctional behavior of each family member to meet their own needs. Unreasonable living conditions will also appear. Since childhood, the family's economic situation is not good, but parents and elders still spoil and give satisfaction in money, directly ignoring the inner meaning that the parties want to express. Social workers should break this ingratiating mode, guide clients to communicate with their families, and convey their current desires and longings through reasonable gatherings.

Third, goal setting.

1, served by:

Overall goal: to help customers get to know themselves again, correct bad behaviors and pass the observation period smoothly.

Subgoal:

(1) Through the family therapy mode, parents and children should communicate well, guide their families to change the way they get along with each other, change the interaction mode, and help each other and care about education.

(2) Through cognitive therapy, help clients find themselves, re-strengthen their cognition, find their own value, and plan their future development more pragmatically.

(3) Guide the client to establish a rational ability to deal with things, improve the legal concept of the client, and avoid taking the illegal road because of impulse or deception.

2. Specific action plan:

(1) Urge the parents of clients to improve the family interaction mode and appropriately restrain their behaviors.

(2) Invite the parties to participate in social activities, enhance self-protection and law-abiding awareness, and gradually break away from the social circle of undesirable groups.

Fourth, the service plan implementation process

(1) Establish a professional relationship, gain the trust of customers, and sign a care agreement.

Procurator Hu of Hongkou Procuratorate called nursing social workers, nursing clients and their guardians to hold a nursing meeting, which was also the first time that juvenile social workers contacted the clients. I saw the client walk into our youth social work point with his head down and his eyes in a trance. Throughout the observation meeting, the parties did not say a word, and the young social workers felt that they had been immersed in the fear and helplessness of the incident.

After learning about the personal data, family data and social experience of the client, the social worker for youth affairs visited the neighborhood committee of the client's community to learn about the client's current performance in the community and his family situation. Every time I meet a youth social worker, the parties have reservations between their words, which is a normal reaction of the psychological defense mechanism. What social workers have to do is to gain the trust of the parties and enter their hearts. When the client talked about being bullied by his classmates when he was a child, but no one confided in him, he was extremely wronged. He expressed his dissatisfaction with his parents in words and expressed his long-standing backlog.

During the subsequent observation period, the social worker for youth affairs set an observation target for Zhou Xiao, hoping to help Zhou Xiao improve his legal awareness, realize the seriousness of his actions and learn to be responsible for his actions.

(2) Make friends carefully and correct the automatic thinking of core beliefs.

The client and the young social worker also discussed the cause of this incident, and guided the client to tell the young social worker what happened before the incident, the reasons for committing the crime with friends at that time, and the thoughts at that time. The client told the young social worker that it was out of friends? Loyalty? There is also their unhealthy psychology. If they ran away at that time, they were afraid of being looked down upon by their friends. After that, I reflected on the serious consequences caused by the problem of making friends and thought about the new understanding of friends.

Social workers and the parties involved in youth affairs analyzed several points for attention in making friends:

(1) What should friends do? Gentleman, far villain? As the saying goes, if you are near Zhu Zhechi, you will be black, if you are near Mexico. Making a good friend is like reading a good book all your life; Making a bad friend is like reading a bad book, which can easily lead you astray and even commit crimes. If you are unfortunate enough to associate with villains, you will be caught by thieves. If you are unlucky, there will be more hidden dangers in your life. Therefore, making friends should not be sloppy; (2) Pay attention to friendship but pay more attention to morality: friendship is important when making friends, but friendship between friends is higher than human morality and law. Some villains, such as crooked friends, bad friends and bad friends, often violate the rules and are immoral. If you are unreasonable and don't distinguish right from wrong, you will be easily used by them. Even friends should follow the basic principles of being a man when helping others. Control yourself and don't be subject to others; (3) people should not be wronged to please others, and should not obey others to do things they don't want to do. It seems that many people are not born to live for themselves. They either rely on others or obey others, but they lose themselves. This is pathetic. People should have their own opinions, what to do and what not to do, and should listen to their inner decisions. Neither blindly move, nor blindly follow, let alone be a puppet or pawn of others.

(C) to stimulate customers' inherent advantages and re-establish customers' values.

Blindly criticizing education goes against the original intention of caring for and helping children. For minors, we should start from the perspective of protection and care, and start from the details. On the basis of confidentiality, social workers for youth affairs contact the neighborhood committees where the clients live, lead the clients to participate in the community activities of the neighborhood committees, and guide them to make new friends and learn new things in a healthy environment. In an activity for the elderly in the community, an old lady said to the client: What child are you? You are so sensible that you want to visit the old man. What a good boy. ? The customer blushed and smiled shyly. In repeated community service activities, clients feel concerned, needed and cared for, and slowly begin to reflect on their past behavior. In order to stimulate the intrinsic motivation of clients, young social workers guide clients to participate in discovering all kinds of resources and abilities they are facing difficulties in a positive way, and at the same time take their own resources and abilities as advantages and give them back to him in a positive and appreciative way, thus stimulating their intrinsic superior motivation and forming their self-management ability.

Soon, the client told the young social worker that the school teacher recommended him to participate in the internship in the catering industry, and his working ability was affirmed by his boss and colleagues. After the internship, the youth social worker encouraged the client to find a job through the recruitment website, and the client was successfully hired? Dole island? children's playground

(d) Communicate with family members and guide them to change their way of getting along with each other and change their interaction mode.

The client's family has a great influence on him. The relationship between parents is tense, and there has been a lack of communication between family members. He regards indifference as an impedance reflex. To change the client's status, we must first change his family.

Young social workers encourage clients to communicate with their parents. Young social workers will also interview clients' parents, hoping that they can change their communication mode and feel clients' mood from another angle. Customers' parents said that they would gradually change and start to pay attention to customers' ideas. No matter how close people are, they need to communicate to understand each other. Young social workers encourage clients to communicate with their parents and tell their families what they think. Gradually, young social workers feel that the mental outlook of their clients has changed a lot, and they no longer go out to bars, Internet cafes and other entertainment places at night.

Hu, Procurator-General of Hongkou District Procuratorate, called social workers, parties and their parents to hold another observation meeting. The client has a new hairstyle, his eyes are full of hope and his mental outlook is brand-new. The mother of the client also held the hand of the young social worker to express her gratitude. The three-month observation and nursing period is very short. At present, Xiao Zhouzheng is actively involved in his work, and I sincerely wish him silently, hoping that he can take a good life with vigor!

Verb (abbreviation of verb) summary and evaluation

1. Eliminate labeling topics and emphasize positive potential.

I think the positive development orientation of teenagers and the correction of teenagers' problems are not exclusive, and they can learn from each other and combine with each other. Nurses continue to study in the original school, and their studies and graduation practice are very smooth. Compared with material assistance, it is particularly important for the nursing object to be self-reliant in spirit and form a sound personality. Social workers in youth affairs strengthen the connection between clients and others, face the growing challenges with a positive attitude, and learn to express and accept their emotions. All services are based on the balanced development of the body, mind and society of the service group, combined with the crisis factors encountered by the service target.

2. Re-recognize yourself, change your cognition and find your goal.

Social workers use cognitive therapy model to help clients find blind spots in cognition, admit their present situation, face up to their problems and correct their automatic thinking about core beliefs. At the same time, through the successful experience of the parties, tap his advantages, rely on his own ability to gain recognition and re-establish self-confidence.

3. Take the family as the origin, find out the communication barriers between customers and family members, and change the way of interaction.

The way customers get along with their families has always been abnormal. According to the method of family therapy, social workers not only pointed out the living conditions of the clients, but also pointed out the direction that their parents need to change. With a two-pronged approach, both sides can understand the importance of communication, learn how to put themselves in the right position to express their feelings, re-accept each other and reshape their family roles.

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