Confucian scholars read foreign historical model essays 1
During the summer vacation, I bought a history of scholars to read. I've heard this book before. It's a satirical novel. This book describes what the author Wu saw and heard. It reflects the phenomenon that human nature was corroded in feudal society.
The person we are most familiar with in the book has not met Yan Jiansheng. He appeared in our textbook. He is a timid and rich man. What impressed him most was that Yan Jian was still looking at two bamboo hearts before his death, which reflected his love for money. However, this person also makes me very disgusted, that is, when he mourned his wife, he refused to buy even a flower, which reflected his love for money.
The novel tells the story of Wang Mian from the beginning, and it is of great significance for the author to start from here. By reading the stories of later scholars and comparing them with Wang Mian's life, the author's irony will be revealed. This just responded to the theme and satirized the feudal society. However, Wang Mian is worth learning. He studied hard all his life and achieved many things.
In the article, some people think that candidates use money to buy diplomas, and that is Zhou Jin. I don't study hard in my life, I am romantic and chic outside, and I bully others by my father's position. I despise such people the most. There are many such characters in this book, just to satirize society.
In fact, from the bitter irony, I also read a comforting point, that is, some people have begun to realize the harm and want revolution to change the status quo, which is the sublimation of thought.
A model essay on foreign history by scholars after reading II.
The Scholars was written by Wu Juning, a writer in Qing Dynasty. He put his experience of the world, personnel, changes in temperature into the creation of The Scholars, making it a masterpiece of China's ancient satirical novels!
The Scholars describes what happened in the Ming Dynasty, but in fact it depicts the extensive social life in the Qing Dynasty. This story reflects the bad luck of scholars like the author under the imperial examination system in Qing Dynasty.
At first, it depicts two girls and old boys who have gone through many hardships. One is Zhou Jin, who crashed into the number plate of Hiram's Hospital and wept bitterly; The other is Jin Fan, who went crazy in the middle. Both of them have gone through more than 20 scientific examinations in their lives, but their hearts are seriously collapsed. This is a tragedy.
The author further exposed the hypocrisy and unfairness of the imperial examination system. The third time, the boy knelt down and said, "Please ask the master for an interview." Snow Road and Yan Road: "Your writing style is already here. What are you interviewing for? " Learning Tao changed his face: "Now that the emperor attaches importance to articles, it goes without saying that the Han and Tang Dynasties! A boy like you should only concentrate on making a fuss and learn from him! Besides, I'm here to talk about miscellaneous research with you, because I was ordered to write this article. Then if you are so pragmatic, your business will naturally go to waste. You are all careless and arrogant, and you can't stand it. Find the right and left, and kill them all! " At one command, the two men walked past several peak workers, crossed the boy's shoulder and stumbled all the way to the gate. It can be seen that the Qing Dynasty attached great importance to stereotyped writing, pretending to be the Ming Dynasty, but actually writing the literary inquisition of the Qing Dynasty. The book also mentions two "excellent tributes". One is medical superman, who specializes in delivering all kinds of things, such as word litigation, forging documents and cheating exams. Not only that, he also made a profit in the casino. Such an ungrateful Confucian scholar is a villain, but he is praised by Wenzhou people for his good behavior and dedication to his business as a scholar. The other is Yan Jiansheng, a well-known miser, who is bullying and doing evil in the countryside. Such a bad gentry was elected as a "good man". These two notorious scum of Confucian scholars are a powerful exposure and irony to the hypocrisy of the imperial examination system.
The book also praises some ideal figures, such as Wang Mian and Du Fu. Wang Mian is an upright man. In order to support his family, he became a cowherd and gave up the opportunity to study. But he was very inspirational and taught himself to paint, which led to the county magistrate asking him to paint and the court asking him to be an official. But he was unmoved by fame and fortune and lived in seclusion in the mountains. Du is a character created by the author according to his own life prototype. He doesn't want to be bound by etiquette, don't compromise vulgar life, and deviate from his words and deeds. There are Yu Yide, who is kind to others, and Zhuang Shaoguang, who is unwilling to be an official when writing books. They pursue "educating people with rites and music" and "educating people with morality" and live a real realm of life.
In The Scholars, the author mercilessly lashes at the ugly thing-"mud" and enthusiastically praises those positive figures "lotus", and the two are intertwined. There are various characters in the book, including Hanlin, Jinshi, Juren, Gong Sheng, scholar, officials, squires, county magistrates, booksellers, noble slaves, landlords, salt merchants, artists, doctors, chivalrous men, Taoist priests and so on. It is a panoramic custom map of China in the18th century.
Model essay on the foreign history of scholars 3
The Scholars written by Wu, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, is characterized by satire, which reflects the fame and wealth status of Confucian scholars in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and also profoundly exposes the decay of scholars' psychological concepts, imperial examinations, ethics and corruption in the feudal social system. It is still very warning.
Since I have written my thoughts after reading, I want the writer to experience them. Only by combining them can I have feelings to write. Wu, the author, is a scholar in Qing Dynasty who hates the secular world and is full of resentment. In the officialdom, he saw through many ups and downs and many entanglements, thus writing The Scholars. This book creates vivid characters in the form of stories, and the description of the characters in the stories represents the author's necessary views on the state of affairs in feudal countries. Mr. Lu Xun once commented that this book is euphemistic, sharp and straightforward, and it is a classic of realistic literature, which shows the success of this book.
Reading "The Scholars" made me see the stubbornness of the ancient feudal dynasty, eating people and harming people. But it reminds me of China at the moment. China at the moment is not like before; At present, China is a socialist country and a people-oriented country that holds high Lenin and Marxism. At this moment, China is struggling for the rise of the Chinese nation and the realization of the "Chinese Dream", which makes our Chinese sons and daughters feel extremely proud. However, there are still some stumbling blocks on our way forward, such as increasing trend, imperfect legal system, lack of supervision by many government agencies, and environmental degradation. These are all problems that need our patience, care and earnest solution.
Let's take action and do our best to build a strong, democratic and beautiful China.
Model essay on the foreign history of scholars 4
The Scholars describes an interesting officialdom story in the examination room at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty with humorous and sharp words. The main characters of the story are mostly folk literati. The author's dissatisfaction with real life and expectation of changing such a gloomy world are expressed by praising many upright Confucian scholars and lashing corrupt politicians. The novel begins with a description of a young man named Wang Mian in Zhuji County, Zhejiang Province. Because of his poor family, he has been herding cattle for others since he was a child. He is smart and studious. His lotus paintings are vivid, well-read and brilliant. He doesn't want to make friends, let alone pursue fame and fortune. The county magistrate came to inspect and couldn't hide; Zhu Yuanzhang gave him the position of "counselor joining the army", but he didn't accept it. He willingly fled to Kuaiji Mountain and lived an anonymous life.
This book also reveals that the imperial examination system has trained a group of mediocre people and corrupt officials. For example, Xiu Caihui, after he was appointed as the magistrate of Nanchang, the first thing he did when he took office was not to ask about local law and order, nor about people's lives, nor about the grievances of the case, but to inquire about local people's feelings, understand what local specialties are, and what places can be accommodated in various cases; Then customized a No.1 library, handed over all six rooms in the yamen, asked about the profits of various errands, and asked everyone to transfer the money back to the government. From then on, the sound of castanets, abacus and boards was heard all day in the yamen. Chiefs and people were beaten out of their wits one by one, shivering in their sleep. And his own creed is "three years to clear the magistrate, 100 thousand snowflakes and silver." When the imperial court inspected his achievements, it was agreed that he was "the first able man in Jiangxi".
This book more vividly criticizes that the imperial examination system has created a group of social moths and poisoned the whole society. For example, there is a farmer's son named Kuang Renchao in Yueqing County, Wenzhou. He was simple and honest. In order to support his parents, he went out to do small business and lived in Hangzhou. Later, I met Mr. Ma Er who chose to print eight-part essay. Mr. Ma Er gave him twelve taels of silver and advised him to study hard. After returning home, Kuang Chaoren studied eight-part essay while doing small business. Soon, he was appreciated by Li, the magistrate, and was promoted to Jinshi. In order to pursue higher fame and fortune, he worked harder to write eight-part essay. Unexpectedly, something happened to the magistrate of a county. In order to avoid being tied up, he fled to Hangzhou. Here, he met Jing Lanjiang, the owner of the headscarf shop posing as a celebrity, and Pan, a clerk in the yamen, and learned the skill of taking exams and litigating on behalf of others. Because of Mr. Ma Er, he became a "writer" of eight-part essay, boasting that 95 copies of eight-part essay were printed, and everyone rushed to buy it. Scholars and families in the five provinces have presented "the sacred status of Confucianism and Kuang Zi" on the case. Soon, Li Ping, the magistrate who had promoted him, was promoted to Beijing official, and Superman Kuang followed him to Beijing. In order to please the powerful, he abandoned his wife and children and became the teacher's nephew and son-in-law. His wife died in poverty in her hometown. At this time, Pan, who had helped him, went to prison. For fear of affecting his reputation and future, Kuang Chaoren broke off his relationship with Pan and refused to even look at it. As for Mr. Ma Er, who once helped him, instead of repaying his kindness, he slandered and laughed at him and completely degenerated into the devil who sold his soul.
This book not only exposes that the imperial examination system deprives people of their rights, but also criticizes that the imperial examination system is an accomplice of feudal ethics. For example, Wang Yuhui, a poor scholar in Huizhou Prefecture, was over 60 years old and failed in the imperial examination every year, but stuck to the ethical code. His third son-in-law died, and his daughter wanted to be martyred, but his in-laws refused. Instead, he advised his in-laws to let his daughter die. He said to his daughter, "Son, since you are like this, this is a matter of going down in history. Should I stop you? " Do it. "Eight days later, his daughter, dressed in white mourning, died of hunger strike. He smiled and said, "Good death! Good death! "But after the incident, when his daughter's spirit tablet was sent to the martyr's shrine for public sacrifice, he suddenly felt sad. When he came home to see his wife's grief, he really couldn't bear to go out for fun. Along the way, he observed a moment of silence for his daughter. When he arrived in Huqiu, Suzhou, he saw a young woman in white on board, but suddenly he remembered his daughter who was martyred in mourning. His heart choked and tears rolled down.
The book also lists an example of "Jin Fan's move": Jin Fan of old boys in the Ming Dynasty failed in the imperial examination repeatedly, and was admitted to the scholar only at the age of 54, and then admitted to the Jinshi. Fan Jinzhong received a lot of cold eyes at home before he got together. His wife called him around and his father-in-law scolded him in every way. When Jin Fan's family was worried about selling chickens for rice, there was a happy news that Jin Fan had been recovered from the collection. After learning the good news, he was ecstatic. Fortunately, his father-in-law slapped him in the face before waking him up and curing his madness. In the blink of an eye, Jin Fan's luck changed. He not only has money, rice and a house, but also slaves and maids. Jin Fan's mother was breathless with joy and died in the West. Hutu butchers are also uncharacteristic,
"The Scholars", a volume, tells the story of rain and snow in the scholars for a hundred years, which is both bitter and bitter.
Fan Wenwu, Foreign History of Scholars
"Fan Jinzhong Residence" is about a 54-year-old boy who was finally admitted. He was so happy that he went crazy and was finally awakened by his father-in-law Hu, who was most afraid of him. This is a very simple story, but in fact it is not that simple.
From Jin Fan's point of view, it is a good thing to take the senior high school entrance examination. After thirty-four years of hard work, he finally succeeded. Judging from his madness, it is enough to see that the scholars at that time were obsessed with fame, just as Zhou Jin cried and kowtowed to the board for the sake of his fame. But their fascination is not for the moral theory of governing the country, but for pure personal promotion and wealth. There was a completely different person before and after Fan Jinzhong moved. Before the middle school entrance examination, he bowed to his father-in-law and said that he was in charge. He became a bureaucrat after the middle school entrance examination. Even in mourning for my mother, I ate and drank at the banquet in the autumn wind. And he just won the bid, and within two months, what real estate, fields, gold and silver, slaves, uninvited. Jin Fan is one of the representatives of scholars who won the exam. The feudal government took their glory as an example for those who failed, which deepened the poison of the imperial examination.
For butcher Hu, this is also of great significance. Beat and scold Jin Fan before winning the grand prize. Once won the prize, Jin Fan was slapped because he was crazy, but he said, "(Jin Fan) is my son-in-law, but now he is an old man and a star in the sky. The stars in the sky can't beat it. " In this way, the snob's face is clearly outlined. Hutu is the embodiment of ordinary people who are rich and famous and poisoned by the imperial examination.
And those squires rushed to send gold and silver to Jin Fan at the first time. They helped the government spread the poison of the imperial examination. Jumping out of Jin Fan's story, the author, represented by Yan Jiansheng and Yan brothers, described in detail their fingers sticking out at the end of their lives because they were afraid of two gutter oil and robbers.
To sum up, all the characters were not poisoned by the imperial examination. It's not just these people. There are also celebrities who hold the imperial examination rice bowl, and there are also people who have repeatedly lost and fought in the examination room, such as Mr. Ma Er, who have to squeeze out a few classic words to see the scenery of the West Lake. There are also Buddhist disciples. When they heard that Hu was the mage of his son-in-law's mother, they immediately arranged it. Even Jia Baoyu appreciates women the most. Influenced by his father, Mr. Lu only recognizes stereotyped writing, and everything depends on stereotyped writing. He practices stereotyped writing all day by himself. Later, because her husband was not interested in the imperial examination, she sighed all day. This book is full of satire and acrimony, which is closely related to the author's life background.
Wu, the author, is generous and regarded as the black sheep of his family. He was poor in the second half of his life, but he was refused several times when he was asked to take the imperial examination. There are eight strands of rope under his desk. There is a bug and a mosquito under each strand of rope, which means "eight strands of smelly paper". Because poverty can't keep warm, he often invites his friends to walk around. Under this background, he "sings and laughs, caring for each other" and calls it "warm feet". No wonder the description in the book is so intriguing.
Times are different now. We live in an era when few people mention such things as imperial examinations, and there is nothing pedantic in the book. However, we often see the elderly at home waiting in line in the early hours of the morning for the next generation to enroll in extracurricular classes. Many candidates study day and night because of the senior high school entrance examination, some throw books to celebrate, and some commit suicide by jumping off a building. No one pats the board for "scholar" and "juren", but some people do whatever it takes for "master" and "doctor". Many people eat and drink with diplomas. I wonder if the Scholars will satirize the system of this era in the future.
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