Henry david thoreau (18 17- 1862), a famous American writer and a representative of transcendentalism, advocated returning to nature, advocating a simple life and pursuing a rational and ethereal spiritual realm. /kloc-in the spring of 0/845, he built a wooden house by Walden Lake, began to live a self-cultivation and self-reliance life, and deeply thought about the world. Walden describes the life and ideological activities in this period. The work describes the joy of rural life and the charming scenery of nature, full of wise and refined philosophical speculation, fluent and vivid writing, thought-provoking and convincing reading.

Walden

Overall interpretation

Basic interpretation.

Walden Lake is an exquisite prose with fresh and smooth style. In Thoreau's view, city life is disgusting, and people's lives are consumed by material enjoyment. For the enjoyment of material life, people are always running around, and life has lost its proper meaning. 1845, single, living in a wooden house built by myself by Walden Lake. Thoreau came to the forest with doubts about real life and devoted himself to this experimental life. He has no intention of resisting modern civilization. In this wooden house, he observes, listens, feels, meditates and dreams. He is not escaping from life, but exploring it. In the second chapter of Walden, "Reasons for Seclusion", he said: "I live in seclusion in the forest because I want to live in peace and only deal with the most essential things in life. See if I can understand the mystery, lest I find myself wasting my life on my deathbed. Life is so precious that I don't want to waste it; I don't want to resign myself to fate unless I have to. I want to go deep into life and absorb its essence. I want to get rid of all the warts in my life in this persistent and meticulous way; Take drastic measures to extract the core of life and show its most fundamental face. If life is a seedless fruit, I will also reveal this great sorrow to the world. If I can get positive results through experience, I can also bring my gospel to the world. " Walden is a true record of his life and thoughts.

This article is an excerpt from the "Lake" in Thoreau's Walden Lake. The article describes the lakes and mountains of Walden Lake in detail. Firstly, the paper introduces the area and environment of Walden Lake. Then the color of Walden Lake is described in detail. With the change of seasons and climate, the lake presents different colors, which makes people feel wonderful. Then he repeatedly described the clarity and purity of the lake. Here, everything is pure, natural and unpolluted. The author's eloquence makes people feel that the author's heart is integrated with this beautiful and quiet natural scenery. The scenery of Walden Lake changes with the seasons, but the author's love remains the same. The pure lake is a reflection of the author's mood. In this pure world, people can listen to the wind and nature, watch the mountains and lakes quietly, think and think wonderfully, get close to nature, experience their inner feelings, enjoy life and improve themselves. In the last paragraph, the author lamented that with the change of the world, the tribes who drank the lake disappeared one after another, but the lake was still pure and green. This historic Walden Lake has been forgotten, but it still insists on its purity.

The description in Walden Lake is full of poetry. It has no gorgeous language, everything is just plain, just like Walden Lake, which is light, emotional and transparent, giving people the impact of visual nerve and spiritual feeling. Only when the author gets rid of all earthly distractions and blends into the natural beauty of Walden Lake can the observation of such a clear lake be meticulous and poetic, giving people peace and distant power.

lonely

Henry david thoreau (18 17- 1962) once lived in Walden Lake for two years, but later generations have closely linked him with Walden Lake. 1985, Ten Books Constituting American Character was listed in American Heritage magazine, and Thoreau's Walden topped the list. Today, Walden Lake has become a sacred place for Thoreau's followers.

The nature advocated by Thoreau is a kind of original ecological nature, so the nature described by Thoreau makes people happy physically and mentally, fluttering an idyll of an unrestrained mind. In view of Thoreau's simple view of nature, Thoreau also used the most comfortable language in his prose writing skills. He keeps his articles green and fresh, and sometimes even makes people feel immature. This is also considered to be one of the characteristics of American natural literature: there is no distance between readers and authors, just as there is no distance between nature and authors who describe nature. In the United States and China, people have accused Thoreau of wrongly creating the myth of Walden Lake, and regarded Walden Lake as "the product of some melodrama and illusion of modern people". This argument makes people think about the question: Can Wen Mingzhen's proposal be rejected? Does loneliness really make people more free?

Loneliness is to answer the latter question. When the article was selected, it was abridged because of the requirements of textbook compilation, but this still does not affect us to find the answer to this question. Thoreau made a novel explanation of human loneliness and natural loneliness in his article:

Thoreau considered himself a member of nature and Walden Lake. At the beginning, the author and the creatures by the lake spent a pleasant evening together in * * *. After vivid description, the author evaluates that such a life is lonely, "as lonely as living on the grassland"; He said that such a life can have the sweetest, gentlest, most naive and most inspirational partner. There are many things living next door to Thoreau. Thoreau tries to make readers understand that he is really "no lonelier than the laughing diving birds in the lake" and "no lonelier than Walden Lake". On the contrary, Walden Lake is lonely. The author bears the "unspeakable purity and elegance" endowed by nature and sincerely praises them. The first to sixth paragraphs of the article mainly describe the author's "loneliness" with plain narrative language, while the seventh and eighth paragraphs express their love for nature on the basis of the straightforward description, which is a heartfelt praise to nature. This kind of praise is fully paved and makes people feel natural.

Loneliness is a fragment of Walden Lake, and the writing characteristics of the article are more reflected in a spiritual feature that is integrated with nature. We can't make a detailed analysis of this feature, but we can only grasp and understand it from the emotions conveyed by the whole article. Because the immortality of Walden is not a writing skill, but the author's fascination, participation and devotion to nature, which is the simplest and most intimate spiritual contact between him and the object he describes.

Original text:

Walden Lake-Loneliness

It was a pleasant night, and there was only one feeling in my whole body, and every pore was full of joy. I am in Dazi

Ran Li came and went in a strange free posture and became a part of herself. I only wear a shirt and walk along the hard rock lake.

Although the weather is cold, cloudy and windy, there is no special distraction. The weather at that time suited me very well. Niuwaming

Calling, inviting night, the music of nighthawk came from the lake in the rippling wind. The swaying alder and poplar woke me up.

I can hardly breathe because of emotional excitement; However, just like the lake, my peace is only rippling, without waves. Harmony is like a mirror.

Like a lake, the microwave from the evening breeze is not a storm. Although it is dark, the wind is still blowing in the forest.

Listen, roar, the waves are still beating on the coast, and some animals are still hypnotizing other animals with their music. Quiet?

It may be absolute. The fiercest beasts are restless and are now looking for their victims; Fox, skunk, rabbit

Son, is roaming in the Yuan Ye, in the forest, they have no fear, they are the guardians of nature,-yes.

A link between vibrant days. When I got home, I found the tourists coming and they stayed.

Business cards are either a bunch of flowers, an evergreen wreath, or written in pencil on yellow walnut leaves or sawdust.

The name of. People who don't often go into the forest often fiddle with their gadgets all the way, sometimes on purpose.

Sometimes I accidentally leave them behind. A man peeled off a willow tree, made a ring and put it on my desk. Before I go out

I can always tell whether there are guests at the door, either the branches or grass are bent or there are shoe prints. Generally speaking, from

I can also guess their age, gender and personality from their tiny traces; Some have fallen out of flower, and some have.

Grab a handful of grass, throw it away, or even take it to the railway side half a mile away before throwing it away; Sometimes, cigars

Or the smell of the pipe is still there. Often, I can notice a person passing by 60 rods away from the smell of my pipe.

Traveler.

The space around us should be said to be large. We can't touch the horizon with one hand. A lush forest or lake.

The swamp is not in front of my house, but there is always an open space that we are familiar with and used to, which has been sorted out more or less.

Yes, there is a small fence around it. It seems to be taken from nature. For what reason, I want this.

How big is the scope and scale, and how many square miles of uninhabited forests have been abandoned by human beings and owned by me personally?

My nearest neighbor is a mile away, and I can't see any houses unless I climb to the top of the mountain half a mile away.

To see a small house. All my horizons are surrounded by forests for my own enjoyment, and I can only look at them from a distance.

I saw a railway passing through one end of the lake, and a fence along the road along the mountain forest at the other end of the lake. Generally speaking,

The place where I live is as lonely as living on the grassland. Being away from New England here is like being away from Asia and Africa.

It's far. It can be said that I have my own sun, moon and stars and my own little world.

No one has ever passed my house or knocked on my door at night. I seem to be the first or last human being.

Individuals, except in spring, after a long time, someone came from the village to catch plaice-in Walden Lake,

Obviously, all they can catch is their diverse personalities, and the hook can only hook into the night-him.

The children immediately retreated, often the fish basket lightly retreated, leaving "the world for the night and me", and the core of the night

The heart has never been polluted by any human neighbor. I believe that people are usually a little afraid of the dark, although

Witches were hanged, Christianity and candle fire were introduced.

However, I sometimes experience that in any natural thing, I can find the sweetest, gentlest, most naive and most inspiring thing.

Even for the cynical poor and the most anxious people, men's partners are the same. As long as you live in nature.

If you occasionally have five senses, you can't have gloomy worries. For the sound and innocent ears, the storm is really

How is Olers's music? Nothing can justly force a simple and brave person to have vulgar sadness. When I enjoy it.

With the love of the four seasons, I believe that nothing can make life a heavy burden for me. Today, good rain fell on my house.

Beans make me stay at home all day. The rain didn't make me depressed, nor did it make me depressed, but it was good for me.

..... How? Although it prevented me from weeding, it was more valuable than my weeding. If it rains too long, the plants in the field will be planted.

The rotten potatoes in the lowlands are good for the grass in the highlands. Since it is good for the grass in the highlands, it is also good for me.

All right. Sometimes, I compare myself with others, as if I were more loved by the gods than others and deserved it.

There are more; It seems that they have my certificate and insurance policy, but others don't, so they specially summoned me.

Guide and protect. I don't claim to praise myself, but they also praise me if possible. I never feel lonely.

Loneliness, not oppressed by loneliness at all, only once, a few weeks after I entered the forest, I suspected a small

At that time, I didn't know whether a quiet and healthy life should have some intimate neighbors. It seems unpleasant to be alone. At the same time, I feel that I

My mood is a little abnormal, but I seem to predict that I will return to normal. When these thoughts occupy me, Wen

Gentle rain and wine floated down, and I suddenly felt that it was an effort to be with nature and benefit from this sweetness, right here.

In the dripping rain, every sound and every scene around my home has endless friendship, and suddenly this

A supportive atmosphere has suppressed the trend I imagined, that is, it is more convenient to have neighbors. Since then, I have never

Thinking of the neighbors. Every little pine needle swells sympathetically and becomes my friend. I'm obviously

I feel like I have my own kind here. Although I am in a so-called miserable and desolate situation, this is the closest.

I am not the most human lineage, not a person, not a villager, and there is no place anymore.

Makes me feel strange.

"Inappropriate mourning will take away sadness;

In the world of the living, their days are short,

Tosca's beautiful daughter. "

My happiest time is in the long storms in spring and autumn, which makes me trapped in the morning and afternoon.

Being locked indoors, only the continuous rain and roar comforted me; I get up early in the twilight and enter the long dusk.

During this period, many ideas took root and developed. In that kind of downpour from the northeast, the village

Some houses have been tested, and maids have been carrying buckets and mops at the gate to stop the flood. I'm sitting.

This is the only door behind the door of my small room, but I appreciate the protection it gives me. In a thunderstorm

Lightning struck a pine tree on the other side of the lake, drawing an inch from top to bottom, or more than an inch deep, four or five lanes.

A deep groove that is inch wide and obviously spiral, just like the groove you carved on your crutch. I passed by again that day.

It, when it looked up and saw this trace, was really shocked. It was eight years ago, a terrible and irresistible year.

The traces left by thunder are clearer now than before. People often say to me, "I want you to live there."

Must be very lonely, always want to be close to people, especially on rainy and snowy days and nights. "My throat itches.

Itchy straight want to answer,-the whole earth we live in is just a dot in the universe. There is one over there.

A star, our astronomical instruments can't measure how big it is. Think of the two farthest houses above.

How far can people go? How can I feel lonely? Isn't our earth in the Milky Way? In my opinion,

Your question seems to be the least important. How can a space separate people from the crowd and make people feel lonely?

I found that no matter how hard my legs tried, I couldn't bring my two hearts closer. Who are we most willing to be neighbors with?

And live? Not everyone likes stations, post offices, bars, meeting places, schools, grocery stores and lighthouses.

Volcano, five o'clock area, although people often meet there, but people prefer to get close to the inexhaustible source of life.

The essence of spring, in our experience, we often feel that there is such a need, just like the willow beside the water, which must be pointed.

Stretch its roots in the direction of water. People have different personalities, so their needs are very different, but a smart person must

Digging his cellar in inexhaustible natural resources ... one night on the way to Walden Lake, I was in a hurry.

I went to a fellow countryman, and he saved the so-called "a considerable industry", although I have been doing badly.

I saw it. He drove a pair of cows to the market that night. He asked me, how did I come up with it? I would rather give it up.

More fun in life? I replied that I am sure I like my life very much; I'm not kidding. So, I-

Go home, go to sleep and let him walk to Brighton in the muddy night-or, to the bright city.

Probably won't arrive until dawn.

For a dead person, any scene of awakening or resurrection makes all the time and place bright.

Heavy. The places where this may happen are the same, which is indescribable joy for our senses. but

Most of us will only let superficial and temporary things become our work. In fact, it is these things.

The reason why we are distracted. The closest thing to everything is a power to create everything. Secondly, the laws of the universe that are close to us are

It has been working. We are not the craftsmen we hired next to us, although we are happy to talk to them.

Tell me, it's a great craftsman, and we are his works.

"Gods and ghosts are virtuous, and people are prosperous."

"Look at it, look at it, listen to it and smell it, but don't leave it."

"Make the people of the world, Zhai Zhifu, to bear its sacrifice, magnificent as above, such as around it.

We are the material of an experiment, but I am very interested in this experiment. Under such circumstances, aren't we?

Can we leave this society full of right and wrong for a while and only let our own thoughts inspire us? hole

Zi said well, "if you are not alone, you must have neighbors."

With thoughts, we can be ecstatic when we are awake. As long as our minds work hard consciously,

We can be above any behavior and its consequences; All good and bad things, like running water, come from us.

Passing by. We are not completely entangled in nature. I can be a driftwood in a torrent, or I can.

So I watched Indra from the air. Going to the theater probably touched me; On the other hand, it is more important to my life.

This matter may not affect me. I only know that I exist as a person; It can be said that I am rethinking my thoughts.

When I think of the stage of a relationship, I have a dual personality, so I can look at myself from a distance, just like looking at others.

No matter how powerful my experience is, I can always realize that a part of me is criticizing me as if it were not a part of me.

Part, just a bystander, did not share my experience, but noticed: just as he is not you, neither is he.

It could be me. When the drama of life is over, it is likely to be a tragedy and the audience will leave on their own. About this second personality,

This is naturally fiction, just the creation of imagination. But sometimes this dual personality can easily make it difficult for others to be neighbors with us.

Ju, made friends.

Many times, I think loneliness is good for health. With the company, even the best company, soon.

Tired of it, too It's a mess I love loneliness. I have never met a better partner than loneliness. Go abroad to go to the toilet

In a crowd, it is probably more lonely than being alone indoors. A person who is thinking and working is always alone, let him go.

Love is there. Loneliness cannot be calculated by the number of miles a person has left his companions. A very diligent student,

In the most crowded beehive in Cambridge College, I feel as lonely as a dervish in the desert. Farmers can spend the whole day alone.

Working in the fields, working in the forest, plowing the fields or cutting down trees, he doesn't feel lonely because he has a job; But for the sake of

At night, when he comes home, he can't meditate indoors alone. He must go to a place where he can see others.

Entertainment, with his ideas, is to compensate for his loneliness in a day; So he wants to know why students can do it.

Sitting indoors all day and all night doesn't feel bored and "melancholy"; But he doesn't understand that the students are in his field although they are indoors.

Work in the world and cut down in his forest, just like farmers in fields or forests. Later, students should also find recreation.

Socializing, although that form may be more concise.

Socialization is often cheap. The time spent together is too short for each other to get anything new and valuable. I

The children meet in three meals a day, and everyone tastes our stale cheese again. We must all agree.

A few rules,

That is the so-called etiquette and politeness, so that such frequent gatherings can live in peace and avoid public quarrels. In this way,

Flushed. We meet at the post office, in social places, by the fire every night; We live too crowded and fuck each other.

Interfere with each other, so I think there is a lack of respect for each other. Of course, all important and enthusiastic parties are in the minority.

That's enough. Imagine the women workers in the factory-they can never live alone, even in their dreams. if

There is only one person living within a mile, like me, much better. The value of a person is not his skin, so we don't.

Touching the skin is necessary.

I once heard that someone got lost in the forest and fell under a tree, hungry and tired because of exhaustion.

Unfortunately, his morbid imagination made him see many strange visions around him, and he thought they were all real. Similarly,

When the body and soul are healthy and strong, we can constantly learn from similar, but more normal and natural society.

Will be encouraged to find that we are not alone.

I have many companions at home; Especially when no one comes to see me in the morning. Let me give you some examples.

Metaphor, or can convey some of my situation. I am no more lonely than the laughing diving bird in the lake. I am no more lonely than Washington.

Lake Alden is lonelier. I want to ask who is maintaining this lonely lake company? However, on its blue waves, there is no

A blue devil, not a blue angel. The sun is lonely, unless there are dark clouds all over the sky, and sometimes there seem to be two.

There is a sun, but that is false. God is lonely, but the devil is never lonely; He saw many partners;

He is going to form a gang. I am no lonelier than a mullet or a dandelion in the pasture. I am no more lonely than a bean leaf.

A sorrel, or a horsefly, or a bumblebee is more lonely. I'm no better than Mill Creek, or a chicken, or the North.

Polaris, or the south wind, is even lonelier. I am no more lonely than the rain in April or the melting snow in January or the first spider in the new house.

In the long winter night, when the snow is falling and the wind is whistling in the forest, an elderly immigrant, the original owner,

Come to see me from time to time. It is said that he dug Walden Lake, paved it with stones and planted pine trees on the lake. He told me

An ancient and recent eternal story; In this way, the two of us spent a pleasant evening, full of the joy of communication.

I changed my happy view of things, although there is no apple or cider, the smartest and humorous friend,

I really like him. He knows more secrets than Gu Fei or Wallace. Although people said he was dead, no one pointed it out.

Ask him where his grave is. There is also an old lady living near me. Most people can't see her at all, but I am

Sometimes I am very happy to go for a walk in her fragrant herb garden, collect herbs and listen to her fables; Because she has or doesn't.

Compared with rich creativity, her memory has been traced back to the times before the myth, and she can tell the origin of every fable.

Tell me which fable is based on which fact, because all these things happened when she was young. one

A ruddy, thin old lady is in high spirits no matter what weather or season, and looks better than her children.

Long life.

The sun, wind and rain, summer and winter-the indescribable purity and elegance of nature, they always provide all this.

So healthy and so happy! So sympathetic to us humans, if someone is sad for just reasons,

Then it will naturally move, the sun will dim, the wind will lament like a living person, tears will fall in the clouds, and trees will reach the middle.

Xia took off her leaves and put on mourning clothes. Shouldn't I be closely connected with the land? I am not a part of green leafy vegetables myself.

On the mud on the plate?

What medicine can make us sound, quiet and satisfied? Not yours and my great-grandfather's, but our nature.

Great-grandmother's, the tonic of vegetables and plants in the whole universe, depends on it to stay young forever and live longer than Thomas pie.

You are still longer, using their rotting fat to increase her health. Not that quack formula. Use Styx.

Potions mixed with the water of the Dead Sea are packed in shallow long black boat cars with bottles that we sometimes see.

That's not the panacea in my medicine bottle: let me take a sip of pure dawn air. Dawn air!

If people don't want to drink this spring water from the daily source, then, ah, we must put them in bottles; Put it in the shop.

In the store, it is sold to those people in the world who have lost their reservation tickets for Dawn. But remember, it can be refrigerated under the cellar until.

At noon, but long before that, open the cork and follow the footsteps of dawn to the west. I don't worship the healthy daughter of that company.

God, she is the daughter of an ancient herbalist who loves Shula bees. On the monument, she held a snake in one hand and another in the other.

Holding a cup in one hand, snakes often drink water from the cup; I'd rather worship Sybil, Jupiter's cup holder, the boy.

The goddess of the gods, the daughter of Juno and wild lettuce, can rejuvenate immortals and people. She also

Perhaps it is the healthiest, strongest and best girl that has ever appeared on the earth. Wherever she goes, it becomes spring.

Jesus Christ.